Author : Dr. P. Pazhanisamy & Dr. S. Bharathi
Publisher : Lulu Publication
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-28
Category : Art
ISBN : 9781716344053
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COPOLYMERS by Dr. P. Pazhanisamy & Dr. S. Bharathi Pdf
1.1 Polymer The history of polymers goes back further than that of any other group of substances known to mankind. From the origin of mankind in the Garden of Eden, dependence was upon naturally-occurring polymers, for food, clothing, shelter and communication. On the contrary, the history of synthetic polymers is relatively short. It was only through the pioneering work of Staudinger and the quantitative studies of Carothers, the macromolecular concept was accepted. Long before this time, synthetic polymers were being produced and natural polymers were being altered chemically. Styrene was first polymerized in 1839 and in the same year the process of vulcanization of rubber was made successful. 1.2 Description and classification The word polymer was first used to describe compounds with the same composition but of different molecular weights. Berzelius defined polymer as ‘many of a unit’. Carothers defined polymerization as a reaction that is functionally capable of proceeding indefinitely. According to IUPAC, a monomer is defined as ‘a compound, consisting of molecules each of which can provide one or more constitutional units of a polymer or oligomer’ and a monomeric unit or “mer” is the ‘largest constitutional unit contributed by a single monomer molecule in a polymerization processes.