Biomass Burning And Its Inter Relationships With The Climate System

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Biomass Burning and Its Inter-Relationships with the Climate System

John L. Innes,Martin Beniston,Michel M. Verstraete
Biomass Burning and Its Inter Relationships with the Climate System Book PDF

Author : John L. Innes,Martin Beniston,Michel M. Verstraete
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2006-04-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306479595

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Biomass Burning and Its Inter-Relationships with the Climate System by John L. Innes,Martin Beniston,Michel M. Verstraete Pdf

JOHN L. INNES University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada The interactions between biomass burning and climate have been brought into focus by a number of recent events. Firstly, the Framework Convention on Climate Change and, more recently, the Kyoto Protocol, have drawn the attention of policy makers and others to the importance of biomass burning in relation to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. Secondly, the use of prescribed fires has become a major management tool in some countries; with for example the area with fuel treatments (which include prescribed burns and mechanical treatments) having increased on US National Forest System lands from 123,000 ha in 1985 to 677,000 ha in 1998. Thirdly, large numbers of forest fires in Indonesia, Brazil, Australia and elsewhere in 1997 and 1998 received unprecedented media attention. Consequently, it is appropriate that one of the Wengen Workshops on Global Change Research be devoted to the relationships between biomass burning and climate. This volume includes many of the papers presented at the workshop, but is also intended to act as a contribution to the state of knowledge on the int- relationships between biomass burning and climate change. Previous volumes on biomass burning (e. g. Goldammer 1990,Levine 1991a, Crutzen and Goldammer 1993, Levine 1996a, 1996b, Van Wilgen et al. 1997) have stressed various aspects of the biomass–climate issue, and provide a history of the development of our understanding of the many complex relationships that are involved.

Chemistry of the Climate System

Detlev Möller
Chemistry of the Climate System Book PDF

Author : Detlev Möller
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 741 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2010-12-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110228359

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Chemistry of the Climate System by Detlev Möller Pdf

Climate change is one of the biggest challenges facing the modern world. The chemistry of the air within the framework of the climate system forms the main focus of this monograph. This problem-based approach to presenting global atmospheric processes begins with the chemical evolution of the climate system in order to evaluate the effects of changing air composition as well as possibilities for interference within these processes. Chemical interactions of the atmosphere with the biosphere and hydrosphere are treated in the sense of a multi-phase chemistry. From the perspective of a "chemical climatology" the book offers an approach to solving the problem of climate change through chemistry.

Forests, Carbon Cycle and Climate Change

Denis Loustau
Forests Carbon Cycle and Climate Change Book PDF

Author : Denis Loustau
Publisher : Editions Quae
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2010-03-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782759203840

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Forests, Carbon Cycle and Climate Change by Denis Loustau Pdf

The results presented in this book summarize the main findings of the CARBOFOR project, which brought together 52 scientists from 14 research units to investigate the effects of future climate on the carbon cycle, the productivity and vulnerability of French forests. This book explains the current forest carbon cycle in temperate and Mediterranean climates, including the dynamics of soil carbon and the total carbon stock of French forests, based on forest inventories. It reviews and illustrates the main ground-based methods for estimating carbon stocks in tree biomass. Spatial variations in projected climate change over metropolitan France throughout the 21st century are described. The book then goes on to consider the impacts of climate change on tree phenology and forest carbon balance, evapotranspiration and production as well as their first order interaction with forest management alternatives. The impact of climate change on forest vulnerability is analysed. A similar simulation study was carried out for a range of pathogenic fungi, emphasizing the importance of both warming and precipitation changes. The consequences of climate change on the occurrence of forest fires and the forest carbon cycle in the Mediterranean zone are also considered.A valuable reference for researchers and academics, forest engineers and managers, and graduate level students in forest ecology, ecological modelling and forestry.

Methane and Climate Change

Dave Reay,Pete Smith
Methane and Climate Change Book PDF

Author : Dave Reay,Pete Smith
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2010-08-12
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781136541537

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Methane and Climate Change by Dave Reay,Pete Smith Pdf

Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and is estimated to be responsible for approximately one-fifth of man-made global warming. Per kilogram, it is 25 times more powerful than carbon dioxide over a 100-year time horizon -- and global warming is likely to enhance methane release from a number of sources. Current natural and man-made sources include many where methane-producing micro-organisms can thrive in anaerobic conditions, particularly ruminant livestock, rice cultivation, landfill, wastewater, wetlands and marine sediments. This timely and authoritative book provides the only comprehensive and balanced overview of our current knowledge of sources of methane and how these might be controlled to limit future climate change. It describes how methane is derived from the anaerobic metabolism of micro-organisms, whether in wetlands or rice fields, manure, landfill or wastewater, or the digestive systems of cattle and other ruminant animals. It highlights how sources of methane might themselves be affected by climate change. It is shown how numerous point sources of methane have the potential to be more easily addressed than sources of carbon dioxide and therefore contribute significantly to climate change mitigation in the 21st century.

Remote Sensing of Biomass

Lola Fatoyinbo
Remote Sensing of Biomass Book PDF

Author : Lola Fatoyinbo
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-03-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789535103134

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Remote Sensing of Biomass by Lola Fatoyinbo Pdf

The accurate measurement of ecosystem biomass is of great importance in scientific, resource management and energy sectors. In particular, biomass is a direct measurement of carbon storage within an ecosystem and of great importance for carbon cycle science and carbon emission mitigation. Remote Sensing is the most accurate tool for global biomass measurements because of the ability to measure large areas. Current biomass estimates are derived primarily from ground-based samples, as compiled and reported in inventories and ecosystem samples. By using remote sensing technologies, we are able to scale up the sample values and supply wall to wall mapping of biomass. Three separate remote sensing technologies are available today to measure ecosystem biomass: passive optical, radar, and lidar. There are many measurement methodologies that range from the application driven to the most technologically cutting-edge. The goal of this book is to address the newest developments in biomass measurements, sensor development, field measurements and modeling. The chapters in this book are separated into five main sections.

Trends in Air Pollution Research

James V. Livingston
Trends in Air Pollution Research Book PDF

Author : James V. Livingston
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Nature
ISBN : 1594543267

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Trends in Air Pollution Research by James V. Livingston Pdf

Pollution is undesirable state of the natural environment being contaminated with harmful substances as a consequence of human activities so that the environment becomes harmful or unfit for living things; especially applicable to the contamination of soil, water, or the atmosphere by the discharge of harmful substances. In addition to the harm, either present or future and known or unknown, to living beings, pollution cleanup and surveillance are enormous financial drains of the economies of the world. Air pollution research is the subject of this volume.

Fire Regimes: Spatial and Temporal Variability and Their Effects on Forests

Yves Bergeron,Sylvie Gauthier
Fire Regimes Spatial and Temporal Variability and Their Effects on Forests Book PDF

Author : Yves Bergeron,Sylvie Gauthier
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2018-04-13
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783038423904

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Fire Regimes: Spatial and Temporal Variability and Their Effects on Forests by Yves Bergeron,Sylvie Gauthier Pdf

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Fire Regimes: Spatial and Temporal Variability and Their Effects on Forests" that was published in Forests

Climate Change [4 volumes]

Brian C. Black,David M. Hassenzahl Ph.D.,Jennie C. Stephens,Gary Weisel,Nancy Gift
Climate Change 4 volumes Book PDF

Author : Brian C. Black,David M. Hassenzahl Ph.D.,Jennie C. Stephens,Gary Weisel,Nancy Gift
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 1636 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-01-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9798216061953

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Climate Change [4 volumes] by Brian C. Black,David M. Hassenzahl Ph.D.,Jennie C. Stephens,Gary Weisel,Nancy Gift Pdf

This book provides a holistic consideration of climate change that goes beyond pure science, fleshing out the discussion by considering cultural, historical, and policy-driven aspects of this important issue. Climate change is a controversial topic that promises to reframe rudimentary ideas about our world and how we will live in it. The articles in Climate Change: An Encyclopedia of Science and History are designed to inform readers' decision making through the insight of scholars from around the world, each of whom brings a unique approach to this topic. The work goes beyond pure science to consider other important factors, weighing the cultural, historical, and policy-driven contributors to this issue. In addition, the book explores the ideas that have converged and evolved in order to clarify our current predicament. By considering climate change in this holistic fashion, this reference collection will prepare readers to consider the issue from every angle. Each article in the work is suitable for general readers, particularly students in high school and college, and is intended to inform and educate anyone about climate change, providing valuable information regarding the stages of mitigation and adaptation that are occurring all around us.

Spatial Modelling of the Terrestrial Environment

Richard E.J. Kelly,Nicholas A. Drake,Stuart L. Barr
Spatial Modelling of the Terrestrial Environment Book PDF

Author : Richard E.J. Kelly,Nicholas A. Drake,Stuart L. Barr
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2004-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470093993

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Spatial Modelling of the Terrestrial Environment by Richard E.J. Kelly,Nicholas A. Drake,Stuart L. Barr Pdf

Understanding and predicting the behaviour of natural and human environmental systems is crucial for the effective management of the Earth’s limited resources. Recently, great advances have been made through spatial modelling. This book provides a snapshot of the latest research in modelling technologies and methodologies within five environmental fields; the cryosphere, hydrology, geomorphology, vegetation interfaces and urban environments. Spatial Modelling of the Terrestrial Environment deals with the use of remote sensing, numerical models and GIS in addressing important natural and human environmental sciences issues, focusing on the theory and application of modelling remotely sensed data within the context of environmental processes. Extensive case material exemplifies the latest research and modelling paradigms presented in the book.

Emissions of Atmospheric Trace Compounds

Claire Granier,P. Artaxo,Claire E. Reeves
Emissions of Atmospheric Trace Compounds Book PDF

Author : Claire Granier,P. Artaxo,Claire E. Reeves
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402021671

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Emissions of Atmospheric Trace Compounds by Claire Granier,P. Artaxo,Claire E. Reeves Pdf

This book grows out of a 2001 workshop on "Emission of Chemical Species and Aerosols into the Atmosphere." The contents deal with inventories of emissions related to anthropogenic emissions or biomass burning; emissions from vegetation and soils; emissions of mineral and sea-salt aerosols; and emissions of sulphur compounds from the oceans. Concluding chapters show how atmospheric observations have been used to improve our knowledge of emissions.

Earth Observation of Global Change

Emilio Chuvieco
Earth Observation of Global Change Book PDF

Author : Emilio Chuvieco
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2007-11-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402063572

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Earth Observation of Global Change by Emilio Chuvieco Pdf

Global Change is increasingly considered a critical topic in environmental research. Remote sensing methods provide a useful tool to monitor global variables, since they provide a systematic coverage of the Earth’s surface, at different spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions. This book offers an analysis of the leading missions in global Earth observation, and reviews the main fields in which remote sensing methods are providing vital data for global change studies.

Biomass and Bioenergy

Michael D. Brenes
Biomass and Bioenergy Book PDF

Author : Michael D. Brenes
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 159454865X

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Biomass and Bioenergy by Michael D. Brenes Pdf

Biomass and bioenergy are essential components of the energy mix in most countries. Biomass is organic matter available on a renewable basis. Biomass includes forest and mill residues, agricultural crops and wastes, wood and wood wastes, animal wastes, livestock operation residues, aquatic plants, fast-growing trees and plants, and municipal and industrial wastes. Bioenergy is useful, renewable energy produced from organic matter. The conversion of the complex carbohydrates in organic matter to energy. Organic matter may either be used directly as a fuel or processed into liquids and gases. This book presents up-to-date research in this field.

Treatise on Geochemistry

Anonim
Treatise on Geochemistry Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 17318 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080983004

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Treatise on Geochemistry by Anonim Pdf

This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!

A Biomass Future for the North American Great Plains

Norman J. Rosenberg
A Biomass Future for the North American Great Plains Book PDF

Author : Norman J. Rosenberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2007-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402056017

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A Biomass Future for the North American Great Plains by Norman J. Rosenberg Pdf

The North American Great Plains is a major global breadbasket but its agriculture is stressed by drought, heat, damaging winds, soil erosion and declining ground water resources. Biomass production and processing on the Plains would partially restore a perennial vegetative cover and create employment opportunities. This book explores the possibility that the ecology and economy of the Plains region, and similar regions, would benefit from the introduction of perennial biomass crops.

Air Pollution and the Forests of Developing and Rapidly Industrializing Regions

John L. Innes,Abu Hassan Haron
Air Pollution and the Forests of Developing and Rapidly Industrializing Regions Book PDF

Author : John L. Innes,Abu Hassan Haron
Publisher : CABI
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2000-06-27
Category : Air
ISBN : 0851999328

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Air Pollution and the Forests of Developing and Rapidly Industrializing Regions by John L. Innes,Abu Hassan Haron Pdf

This book examines the importance of air pollution for the forests of rapidly industrialising countries and regions. Its geographical coverage includes South and Central America, Africa, and Asia, including Siberia, China and Korea. The problems presented by air pollution are placed within the more general context of sustainable development within these regions and the historical legacy that they are attempting to deal with. Attention is drawn to the very serious problems associated with poor air quality in cities such as Mexico City and Chongqing, China. Air pollution in these areas is amongst the worst in the world. Several chapters examine the importance of forest fires as a source of air pollution, with particular reference being made to the Southeast Asian fires in recent years. The available information about the effects of this pollution on the surrounding forests is reviewed, and recommendations are made for a better understanding of the impacts. A final chapter reviews the recent developments in air pollution control policies in the different regions covered by the book.