Bright Galaxies Dark Matters

Author : Vera Rubin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1996-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 1563962314

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Bright Galaxies, Dark Matters by Vera Rubin Pdf

In 1965, Vera Rubin was the first woman permitted to observe at Palomar Observatory. In the intervening years, she has become one of the world's finest and most respected astronomers. This particular collection of essays is compiled from work written over the past 15 years and deals with a variety of subjects in astronomy and astrophysics, specifically galaxies and dark matter. The book also contains biographical sketches of astronomers who have been colleagues and friends, providing a stimulating view of a woman in science. About the Author Since 1965 Vera Rubin has been a staff member at the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. Dr. Rubin has authored nearly 200 papers on the structure of our galaxy, motions within other galaxies, and large scale motions in the universe. She has been a distinguished visiting astronomer at the Cerro Tololo Inter American Observatory in Chile; a Chancellor's Distinguished Professor at the University of California, Berkeley; a President's Distinguished Visitor at Vassar College; and a Beatrice Tinsley visiting professor at the University of Texas, Austin.

Author : Ashley Jean Yeager
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2023-08-15
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780262547239

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Bright Galaxies, Dark Matter, and Beyond by Ashley Jean Yeager Pdf

How Vera Rubin convinced the scientific community that dark matter might exist, persevering despite early dismissals of her work. We now know that the universe is mostly dark, made up of particles and forces that are undetectable even by our most powerful telescopes. The discovery of the possible existence of dark matter and dark energy signaled a Copernican-like revolution in astronomy: not only are we not the center of the universe, neither is the stuff of which we’re made. Astronomer Vera Rubin (1928–2016) played a pivotal role in this discovery. By showing that some astronomical objects seem to defy gravity’s grip, Rubin helped convince the scientific community of the possibility of dark matter. In Bright Galaxies, Dark Matter, and Beyond, Ashley Jean Yeager tells the story of Rubin’s life and work, recounting her persistence despite early dismissals of her work and widespread sexism in science. Yeager describes Rubin’s childhood fascination with stars, her education at Vassar and Cornell, and her marriage to a fellow scientist. At first, Rubin wasn’t taken seriously; she was a rarity, a woman in science, and her findings seemed almost incredible. Some observatories in midcentury America restricted women from using their large telescopes; Rubin was unable to collect her own data until a decade after she had earned her PhD. Still, she continued her groundbreaking work, driving a scientific revolution. She received the National Medal of Science in 1993, but never the Nobel Prize—perhaps overlooked because of her gender. She’s since been memorialized with a ridge on Mars, an asteroid, a galaxy, and most recently, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory—the first national observatory named after a woman.

Author : James Martin Overduin,Paul S. Wesson
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812834416

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The Light/dark Universe by James Martin Overduin,Paul S. Wesson Pdf

To the eyes of the average person and the trained scientist, the night sky is dark, even though the universe is populated by myriads of bright galaxies. Why this happens is a question commonly called Olbers' Paradox, and dates from at least 1823. How dark is the night sky is a question which preoccupies astrophysicists at the present. The answer to both questions tells us about the origin of the universe and the nature of its contents ? luminous galaxies like the Milky Way, plus the dark matter between them and the mysterious dark energy which appears to be pushing everything apart. In this book, the fascinating history of Olbers' Paradox is reviewed, and the intricate physics of the light/dark universe is examined in detail. The fact that the night sky is dark (a basic astronomical observation that anybody can make) turns out to be connected with the finite age of the universe, thereby confirming some event like the Big Bang. But the space between the galaxies is not perfectly black, and data on its murkiness at various wavelengths can be used to constrain and identify its unseen constituents.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814470001

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The Light/Dark Universe by Anonim Pdf

Author : Katherine Freese
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691169187

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The Cosmic Cocktail by Katherine Freese Pdf

The inside story of the epic quest to solve the mystery of dark matter The ordinary atoms that make up the known universe—from our bodies and the air we breathe to the planets and stars—constitute only 5 percent of all matter and energy in the cosmos. The rest is known as dark matter and dark energy, because their precise identities are unknown. The Cosmic Cocktail is the inside story of the epic quest to solve one of the most compelling enigmas of modern science—what is the universe made of?—told by one of today's foremost pioneers in the study of dark matter. Blending cutting-edge science with her own behind-the-scenes insights as a leading researcher in the field, acclaimed theoretical physicist Katherine Freese recounts the hunt for dark matter, from the discoveries of visionary scientists like Fritz Zwicky—the Swiss astronomer who coined the term "dark matter" in 1933—to the deluge of data today from underground laboratories, satellites in space, and the Large Hadron Collider. Theorists contend that dark matter consists of fundamental particles known as WIMPs, or weakly interacting massive particles. Billions of them pass through our bodies every second without us even realizing it, yet their gravitational pull is capable of whirling stars and gas at breakneck speeds around the centers of galaxies, and bending light from distant bright objects. Freese describes the larger-than-life characters and clashing personalities behind the race to identify these elusive particles. Many cosmologists believe we are on the verge of solving the mystery. The Cosmic Cocktail provides the foundation needed to fully fathom this epochal moment in humankind’s quest to understand the universe.

Author : Jacqueline Mitton,Simon Mitton
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-11
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780674919198

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Vera Rubin by Jacqueline Mitton,Simon Mitton Pdf

The first biography of a pioneering scientist who made significant contributions to our understanding of dark matter and championed the advancement of women in science. One of the great lingering mysteries of the universe is dark matter. Scientists are not sure what it is, but most believe it’s out there, and in abundance. The astronomer who finally convinced many of them was Vera Rubin. When Rubin died in 2016, she was regarded as one of the most influential astronomers of her era. Her research on the rotation of spiral galaxies was groundbreaking, and her observations contributed significantly to the confirmation of dark matter, a most notable achievement. In Vera Rubin: A Life, prolific science writers Jacqueline Mitton and Simon Mitton provide a detailed, accessible overview of Rubin’s work, showing how she leveraged immense curiosity, profound intelligence, and novel technologies to help transform our understanding of the cosmos. But Rubin’s impact was not limited to her contributions to scientific knowledge. She also helped to transform scientific practice by promoting the careers of women researchers. Not content to be an inspiration, Rubin was a mentor and a champion. She advocated for hiring women faculty, inviting women speakers to major conferences, and honoring women with awards that were historically the exclusive province of men. Rubin’s papers and correspondence yield vivid insights into her life and work, as she faced down gender discrimination and met the demands of family and research throughout a long and influential career. Deftly written, with both scientific experts and general readers in mind, Vera Rubin is a portrait of a woman with insatiable curiosity about the universe who never stopped asking questions and encouraging other women to do the same.

Author : Sabino Matarrese,Monica Colpi,Vittorio Gorini,Ugo Moschella
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2011-02-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048186853

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Dark Matter and Dark Energy by Sabino Matarrese,Monica Colpi,Vittorio Gorini,Ugo Moschella Pdf

This book brings together reviews from leading international authorities on the developments in the study of dark matter and dark energy, as seen from both their cosmological and particle physics side. Studying the physical and astrophysical properties of the dark components of our Universe is a crucial step towards the ultimate goal of unveiling their nature. The work developed from a doctoral school sponsored by the Italian Society of General Relativity and Gravitation. The book starts with a concise introduction to the standard cosmological model, as well as with a presentation of the theory of linear perturbations around a homogeneous and isotropic background. It covers the particle physics and cosmological aspects of dark matter and (dynamical) dark energy, including a discussion of how modified theories of gravity could provide a possible candidate for dark energy. A detailed presentation is also given of the possible ways of testing the theory in terms of cosmic microwave background, galaxy redshift surveys and weak gravitational lensing observations. Included is a chapter reviewing extensively the direct and indirect methods of detection of the hypothetical dark matter particles. Also included is a self-contained introduction to the techniques and most important results of numerical (e.g. N-body) simulations in cosmology. " This volume will be useful to researchers, PhD and graduate students in Astrophysics, Cosmology Physics and Mathematics, who are interested in cosmology, dark matter and dark energy.

Author : Brian Clegg
Publisher : Icon Books
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781785785696

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Dark Matter and Dark Energy by Brian Clegg Pdf

'Clear and compact ... It's hard to fault as a brief, easily digestible introduction to some of the biggest questions in the Universe' Giles Sparrow, BBC Four's The Sky at Night , Best astronomy and space books of 2019: 5/5 All the matter and light we can see in the universe makes up a trivial 5 per cent of everything. The rest is hidden. This could be the biggest puzzle that science has ever faced. Since the 1970s, astronomers have been aware that galaxies have far too little matter in them to account for the way they spin around: they should fly apart, but something concealed holds them together. That 'something' is dark matter - invisible material in five times the quantity of the familiar stuff of stars and planets. By the 1990s we also knew that the expansion of the universe was accelerating. Something, named dark energy, is pushing it to expand faster and faster. Across the universe, this requires enough energy that the equivalent mass would be nearly fourteen times greater than all the visible material in existence. Brian Clegg explains this major conundrum in modern science and looks at how scientists are beginning to find solutions to it.

Author : Suzanne Slade
Publisher : Astra Publishing House
Page : 43 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2023-11-07
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781635926026

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Shining Star by Suzanne Slade Pdf

Pioneering astronomer Vera Rubin discovers dark matter—the mysterious substance that makes up most of the universe—while confronting sexism, and paves the way for future women scientists in this engaging STEM/STEAM picture book biography. From the moment she first looked out her window at the night sky, future astronomer Vera Rubin was star-struck. Her cosmic questions about stars, galaxies, and the universe gave Vera the drive to build her own telescope and earn multiple degrees in astronomy, despite an army of naysayers who thought women shouldn’t reach for the stars. But Vera did reach for the stars. Studying spiral galaxies, she searched the skies all through the night, using telescopes in unheated observatories, some of which barred women until Vera insisted they let her in. And her studies revealed something stellar: evidence for the existence of dark matter, the most mysterious substance in the universe. Today, scientists continue to build off of Vera’s groundbreaking work as they strive to better understand dark matter. A trailblazing scientist, Vera Rubin changed people’s understanding of both the universe and what a woman can do.

Author : Jean Audouze,J. Thanh Van Tran
Publisher : Atlantica Séguier Frontières
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Cosmology
ISBN : 2863320572

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Dark Matter by Jean Audouze,J. Thanh Van Tran Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on the Physics of the Universe
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2003-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309171137

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Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Physics and Astronomy,Committee on the Physics of the Universe Pdf

Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.

Author : Wallace H. Tucker,Karen Tucker
Publisher : William Morrow
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105003828097

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The Dark Matter by Wallace H. Tucker,Karen Tucker Pdf

A fascinating and highly accessible treatment of the intriguing problem facing astronomers and cosmologists today: What is the universe made of, if only 50 percent of it can be accounted for by the luminous matter observable in galaxies?

Author : Michelle Diener
Publisher : Eclipse
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-15
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 0648536815

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Dark Matters by Michelle Diener Pdf

DARK MATTERS . . . taking matters into her own hands A time bomb, waiting to go off . . . Lucy Harris is on the run, not sure where she can turn to for help, or if help is even available. But even as her abductors chase her down, she realizes they don't just want to recapture her, they want to erase her. When your very existence puts a planet at the risk of war, there's no choice but to do everything in your power to stay out of your enemies hands. A predator . . . waiting for the chance to pounce The powerful AI battleship, Bane, is accompanying the United Council envoy to Tecra to mete out the punishment the Tecrans have earned for breaking UC law. He revels in the power he's about to have over his old masters. But his mission isn't only to rain down retribution on the people who kept him chained for years, he's also looking for a human woman his fellow Class 5 mentioned in the final seconds of his life. Paxe admitted to taking Lucy Harris from Earth, and Bane has been looking for her ever since. A warrior conflicted . . . Commander Dray Helvan thinks the Grih made a mistake in not pushing for war with the Tecran, but he's had to accept the compromise, that he and the other envoys from the United Council will go to Tecra and dismantle its military from the top down. His mission is not one of his choosing, but when he and his team arrive, he's handed a very different job. While he distrusts Bane on principle, when the thinking system tells him there's a woman running for her life on the planet below, he will do whatever he has to to see her safe. And if that means war for Tecra, well, then it means war.

Author : Sandra Nickel
Publisher : Abrams
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-02
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781647003210

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The Stuff Between the Stars by Sandra Nickel Pdf

An inspired biographical picture book about a female astronomer who makes huge discoveries about the mysteries of the night sky and changed the way we look at the universe Vera Rubin was one of the astronomers who discovered and named dark matter, the thing that keeps the universe hanging together. Throughout her career she was never taken seriously as a scientist because she was one of the only female astronomers at that time, but she didn’t let that stop her. She made groundbreaking and incredibly significant discoveries that scientists have only recently been able to really appreciate—and she changed the way that we look at the universe. A stunning portrait of a little-known trailblazer, The Stuff Between the Stars tells Vera’s story and inspires the youngest readers who are just starting to look up at the stars.

Author : Jean-René Roy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-12
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781108417013

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Unveiling Galaxies by Jean-René Roy Pdf

A thought provoking study of the powerful impact of images in guiding astronomers' understanding of galaxies through time.