Cardiovascular Disease And Diabetes Policies For Better Health And Quality Of Care
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Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes by Joseph C. Wheeler Pdf
This report examines how countries perform in their ability to prevent, manage and treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. The last 50 years have witnessed remarkable improvements in CVD outcomes. Since 1960, overall CVD mortality rates have fallen by over 60%, but these improvements are not evenly spread across OECD countries, and the rising prevalence of diabetes and obesity are threatening to offset gains. This report examines how OECD countries deliver the programmes and services related to CVD and diabetes. It considers how countries have used available health care resources to reduce the overall burden of CVD and diabetes, and it focuses on the variation in OECD health systems' ability to convert health care inputs (such as expenditure) into health gains.
Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes: Policies for Better Health and Quality of Care by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Pdf
This report examines how countries perform in their ability to prevent, manage and treat cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. The last 50 years have witnessed remarkable improvements in CVD outcomes. Since 1960, overall CVD mortality rates have fallen by over 60%, but these improvements are not evenly spread across OECD countries, and the rising prevalence of diabetes and obesity are threatening to offset gains. This report examines how OECD countries deliver the programmes and services related to CVD and diabetes. It considers how countries have used available health care resources to reduce the overall burden of CVD and diabetes, and it focuses on the variation in OECD health systems' ability to convert health care inputs (such as expenditure) into health gains.
Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Evaluation, Prevention & Management by Nathan D Wong,Shaista Malik Pdf
Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Evaluation, Prevention & Management presents the epidemiologic relation of diabetes and associated risk factors with cardiovascular disease. This concise guide demonstrates the role of non-invasive imaging strategies for evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk in diabetes, and the role of nutrition and physical activity in preventing diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Evaluation, Prevention & Management also covers the relation of chronic kidney disease to diabetes and cardiovascular consequences, and offers glycaemic control strategies for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease with diabetes. The wide scope of this book makes it an essential resource for diabetologists, cardiologists and physicians. Key Features Presents the relationship between diabetes and cardiovascular disease Focus on prevention and management, including chapter on quality of care and provider/medical systems in diabetes management Edited by team of experts in the field from the University of California
Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Preventing the Global Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease: Meeting the Challenges in Developing Countries
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Preventing the Global Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease: Meeting the Challenges in Developing Countries Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 483 pages File Size : 55,7 Mb Release : 2010-06-29 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309157612
Promoting Cardiovascular Health in the Developing World by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Preventing the Global Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease: Meeting the Challenges in Developing Countries Pdf
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), once thought to be confined primarily to industrialized nations, has emerged as a major health threat in developing countries. Cardiovascular disease now accounts for nearly 30 percent of deaths in low and middle income countries each year, and is accompanied by significant economic repercussions. Yet most governments, global health institutions, and development agencies have largely overlooked CVD as they have invested in health in developing countries. Recognizing the gap between the compelling evidence of the global CVD burden and the investment needed to prevent and control CVD, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) turned to the IOM for advice on how to catalyze change. In this report, the IOM recommends that the NHLBI, development agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and governments work toward two essential goals: creating environments that promote heart healthy lifestyle choices and help reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and building public health infrastructure and health systems with the capacity to implement programs that will effectively detect and reduce risk and manage CVD. To meet these goals, the IOM recommends several steps, including improving cooperation and collaboration; implementing effective and feasible strategies; and informing efforts through research and health surveillance. Without better efforts to promote cardiovascular health, global health as a whole will be undermined.
Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 5) by Dorairaj Prabhakaran,Shuchi Anand,Thomas A. Gaziano,Jean-Claude Mbanya,Rachel Nugent Pdf
Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related conditions cause more than 40 percent of all deaths globally, and their substantial burden is rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Their burden extends well beyond health effects to include significant economic and societal consequences. Most of these conditions are related, share risk factors, and have common control measures at the clinical, population, and policy levels. Lives can be extended and improved when these diseases are prevented, detected, and managed. This volume summarizes current knowledge and presents evidence-based interventions that are effective, cost-effective, and scalable in LMICs.
Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Consequences of Uninsurance
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Consequences of Uninsurance Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 213 pages File Size : 42,6 Mb Release : 2002-06-20 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309083430
Care Without Coverage by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Consequences of Uninsurance Pdf
Many Americans believe that people who lack health insurance somehow get the care they really need. Care Without Coverage examines the real consequences for adults who lack health insurance. The study presents findings in the areas of prevention and screening, cancer, chronic illness, hospital-based care, and general health status. The committee looked at the consequences of being uninsured for people suffering from cancer, diabetes, HIV infection and AIDS, heart and kidney disease, mental illness, traumatic injuries, and heart attacks. It focused on the roughly 30 million-one in seven-working-age Americans without health insurance. This group does not include the population over 65 that is covered by Medicare or the nearly 10 million children who are uninsured in this country. The main findings of the report are that working-age Americans without health insurance are more likely to receive too little medical care and receive it too late; be sicker and die sooner; and receive poorer care when they are in the hospital, even for acute situations like a motor vehicle crash.
National Diabetes Education Program,U.s. Department of Health and Human Services,National Institues of Health
Author : National Diabetes Education Program,U.s. Department of Health and Human Services,National Institues of Health Publisher : CreateSpace Page : 46 pages File Size : 41,8 Mb Release : 2012-07-13 Category : Medical ISBN : 1478239999
Redesigning the Health Care Team by National Diabetes Education Program,U.s. Department of Health and Human Services,National Institues of Health Pdf
This guide (the National Institutes of Health Publication 11-7739) is designed to help health care professionals and health care organizations implement collaborative, multidisciplinary team care for adults and children with diabetes in a variety of settings. Collaborative teams that provide continuous, supportive, and effective care for people with diabetes throughout the course of their disease are a model for the prevention and management of chronic diseases. Well-implemented diabetes team care can be cost-effective and the preferred method of care delivery, particularly when services include health promotion and disease prevention, in addition to inten¬sive clinical management. Team care is a key component of health care reform initiatives that incorporate an inte¬grated health care delivery system, especially those for chronic disease prevention and management. Diabetes is a serious, common, and costly disease that affects 25.8 million Americans, or 8.3 percent of the U.S. population. About 90 to 95 percent of people with diabetes have type 2, which usually occurs in adults over age 45 but is increasingly occurring in younger age groups. Type 1 is usually diagnosed during childhood, although adults can also develop the disease. Some patients may have features of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, which further complicates disease treatment and management. In addition, at least 79 million U.S. adults have pre-diabetes, which places them at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The chronic complications of diabetes (cardiovascular disease, vision loss, kidney failure, nerve damage, and lower-extremity amputations) result in higher rates of disability, increased use of health care services, lost days from work, unem¬ployment, decreased quality of life, and premature mortality. Acute complications can also result in lost days from school. To achieve the health benefits that modern science has made possible, the principal clinical features of diabetes—hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension—need to be prevented and managed within a system that provides continuous, proactive, planned, patient-centered, and population-based care. Primary care physicians, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners all play important roles in the delivery of primary care for people with chronic diseases in the United States. To reduce the risk of microvascular complications, this care needs to include regular assessment of the eyes, kidneys, teeth and mouth, and lower extremities in people with diabetes. System constraints, however, can make it difficult for primary care providers to carry out all of these essential elements of comprehensive diabetes care. Team care can minimize patients' health risks by assessment, intervention, and surveillance to identify problems early and initiate timely treatment. Increased use of effective behavioral interventions to lower the risk of diabetes and treatments to improve glycemic control and cardiovascular risk profiles can prevent or delay progression to kidney failure, vision loss, nerve damage, lower-extremity amputation, and cardiovascular disease. Patients' participation in treatment decisions, personal selection of behavioral goals, patient education and training, and active self-management can improve diabetes control. This in turn leads to increased patient satisfaction with care, better quality of life, improved health outcomes, and ultimately, lower health care costs. Collaborative teams vary according to patients' needs, patient load, organizational constraints, resources, clinical setting, geographic location, and professional skills. It is essential that a key person coordinate the team effort. The resources and support of community partners such as school nurses, community health workers, trained peer leaders, and others can augment clinical care teams.
"On the occasion of World Health Day 2016, WHO issues a call for action on diabetes, drawing attention to the need to step up prevention and treatment of the disease. The first WHO Global report on diabetes demonstrates that the number of adults living with diabetes has almost quadrupled since 1980 to 422 million adults. This dramatic rise is largely due to the rise in type 2 diabetes and factors driving it include overweight and obesity. In 2012 alone diabetes caused 1.5 million deaths. Its complications can lead to heart attack, stroke, blindness, kidney failure and lower limb amputation. The new report calls upon governments to ensure that people are able to make healthy choices and that health systems are able to diagnose, treat and care for people with diabetes. It encourages us all as individuals to eat healthily, be physically active, and avoid excessive weight gain."--Publisher's description.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Committee on Global Health and the Future of the United States
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Committee on Global Health and the Future of the United States Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 385 pages File Size : 40,6 Mb Release : 2017-09-05 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309457668
Global Health and the Future Role of the United States by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Committee on Global Health and the Future of the United States Pdf
While much progress has been made on achieving the Millenium Development Goals over the last decade, the number and complexity of global health challenges has persisted. Growing forces for globalization have increased the interconnectedness of the world and our interdependency on other countries, economies, and cultures. Monumental growth in international travel and trade have brought improved access to goods and services for many, but also carry ongoing and ever-present threats of zoonotic spillover and infectious disease outbreaks that threaten all. Global Health and the Future Role of the United States identifies global health priorities in light of current and emerging world threats. This report assesses the current global health landscape and how challenges, actions, and players have evolved over the last decade across a wide range of issues, and provides recommendations on how to increase responsiveness, coordination, and efficiency â€" both within the U.S. government and across the global health field.
Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 536 pages File Size : 42,6 Mb Release : 2003-02-01 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309133180
The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century Pdf
The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists.
Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research by Gørill Haugan,Monica Eriksson Pdf
This open access textbook represents a vital contribution to global health education, offering insights into health promotion as part of patient care for bachelor’s and master’s students in health care (nurses, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, radiotherapists, social care workers etc.) as well as health care professionals, and providing an overview of the field of health science and health promotion for PhD students and researchers. Written by leading experts from seven countries in Europe, America, Africa and Asia, it first discusses the theory of health promotion and vital concepts. It then presents updated evidence-based health promotion approaches in different populations (people with chronic diseases, cancer, heart failure, dementia, mental disorders, long-term ICU patients, elderly individuals, families with newborn babies, palliative care patients) and examines different health promotion approaches integrated into primary care services. This edited scientific anthology provides much-needed knowledge, translating research into guidelines for practice. Today’s medical approaches are highly developed; however, patients are human beings with a wholeness of body-mind-spirit. As such, providing high-quality and effective health care requires a holistic physical-psychological-social-spiritual model of health care is required. A great number of patients, both in hospitals and in primary health care, suffer from the lack of a holistic oriented health approach: Their condition is treated, but they feel scared, helpless and lonely. Health promotion focuses on improving people’s health in spite of illnesses. Accordingly, health care that supports/promotes patients’ health by identifying their health resources will result in better patient outcomes: shorter hospital stays, less re-hospitalization, being better able to cope at home and improved well-being, which in turn lead to lower health-care costs. This scientific anthology is the first of its kind, in that it connects health promotion with the salutogenic theory of health throughout the chapters. the authors here expand the understanding of health promotion beyond health protection and disease prevention. The book focuses on describing and explaining salutogenesis as an umbrella concept, not only as the key concept of sense of coherence.
Author : World Health Organization Publisher : World Health Organization Page : 104 pages File Size : 48,6 Mb Release : 2019-01-21 Category : Health & Fitness ISBN : 9789241514187
Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018-2030 by World Health Organization Pdf
Regular physical activity is proven to help prevent and treat noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease stroke diabetes and breast and colon cancer. It also helps to prevent hypertension overweight and obesity and can improve mental health quality of life and well-being. In addition to the multiple health benefits of physical activity societies that are more active can generate additional returns on investment including a reduced use of fossil fuels cleaner air and less congested safer roads. These outcomes are interconnected with achieving the shared goals political priorities and ambition of the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030. The new WHO global action plan to promote physical activity responds to the requests by countries for updated guidance and a framework of effective and feasible policy actions to increase physical activity at all levels. It also responds to requests for global leadership and stronger regional and national coordination and the need for a whole-of-society response to achieve a paradigm shift in both supporting and valuing all people being regularly active according to ability and across the life course. The action plan was developed through a worldwide consultation process involving governments and key stakeholders across multiple sectors including health sports transport urban design civil society academia and the private sector.
Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on a National Surveillance System for Cardiovascular and Select Chronic Diseases
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on a National Surveillance System for Cardiovascular and Select Chronic Diseases Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 200 pages File Size : 43,7 Mb Release : 2011-08-26 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309212199
A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on a National Surveillance System for Cardiovascular and Select Chronic Diseases Pdf
Chronic diseases are common and costly, yet they are also among the most preventable health problems. Comprehensive and accurate disease surveillance systems are needed to implement successful efforts which will reduce the burden of chronic diseases on the U.S. population. A number of sources of surveillance data--including population surveys, cohort studies, disease registries, administrative health data, and vital statistics--contribute critical information about chronic disease. But no central surveillance system provides the information needed to analyze how chronic disease impacts the U.S. population, to identify public health priorities, or to track the progress of preventive efforts. A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases outlines a conceptual framework for building a national chronic disease surveillance system focused primarily on cardiovascular and chronic lung diseases. This system should be capable of providing data on disparities in incidence and prevalence of the diseases by race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic region, along with data on disease risk factors, clinical care delivery, and functional health outcomes. This coordinated surveillance system is needed to integrate and expand existing information across the multiple levels of decision making in order to generate actionable, timely knowledge for a range of stakeholders at the local, state or regional, and national levels. The recommendations presented in A Nationwide Framework for Surveillance of Cardiovascular and Chronic Lung Diseases focus on data collection, resource allocation, monitoring activities, and implementation. The report also recommends that systems evolve along with new knowledge about emerging risk factors, advancing technologies, and new understanding of the basis for disease. This report will inform decision-making among federal health agencies, especially the Department of Health and Human Services; public health and clinical practitioners; non-governmental organizations; and policy makers, among others.
