Catalytic Polymerization Of Olefins

Author : T. Keii,K. Soga
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1986-04-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0080960596

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Catalytic Polymerization of Olefins by T. Keii,K. Soga Pdf

This book covers the proceedings of a symposium which was attended by researchers from all over the world who reported on and discussed recent advances in the field of catalytic polymerization of olefins. Over two decades have elapsed since the discovery of the Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Tremendous research effort has been aimed at improving this marvelous catalyst. In twenty-five years since the first publication, more than 15,000 papers and patents on the subject and on related subjects have appeared. This effort has yielded new generations of Ziegler-Natta catalysts with superior activity and stereospecificity. The complexities arising from the heterogeneity of the catalyst, however, have hindered understanding of the catalytic processes which take place on the catalyst surface. Nevertheless, many fundamental features of the catalyst system have now been clarified reasonably well. Recently a highly active homogeneous catalytic system has been developed, which is capable of catalyzing even isotactic polymerization of propene. There is no doubt that this finding will not only contribute to our understanding of the detailed mechanism of polymerization but also stimulate the development of various kinds of tailored polymers. Thus this subject will remain of paramount importance in the development of chemistry and polymer science for a long time to come.

Author : Y.V. Kissin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461250845

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Isospecific Polymerization of Olefins by Y.V. Kissin Pdf

The discoveries of organometallic catalysts for olefin polymerization by Karl Ziegler and that of stereoregular olefin polymers by Giulio Natta are probably the two most important achievements in the areas of catalysis and polymer chemistry in the second half of this century. They led to the development of a new branch of chemical industry, and to a large volume production of high-density and linear low-density polyethylene, isotactic polypropylene, ethylene-propylene rubbers, isotactic poly I-butene, and poly-4-methyl-l-pentene. These discoveries merited the Nobel prize, which was awarded to K. Ziegler and G. Natta in 1963. The initial works of Ziegler and Natta were followed by an "explosion" of scientific papers and patents covering all aspects of polymerization chemistry, catalyst synthesis, and polymerization kinetics as well as the structural, chemical, physical, and technological characteristics of stereo regular polyolefins, polydienes, and olefin copolymers. It is sufficient to say that in the twenty-five years after the first publications more than 15,000 papers and patents appeared on subjects related to the area. . The development brought about the establishment of several prominent groups of scientists occupied with the study of olefin polymerization. The most important of these were scientific schools in Italy, Germany, England, the United States, Japan, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and Venezuela. In addition, many major chemical and petrochemical corporations throughout the world established labora tories devoted to the development of the technology of catalyst synthesis and olefin polymerization.

Author : Walter Kaminsky,Hansjörg Sinn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642832765

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Transition Metals and Organometallics as Catalysts for Olefin Polymerization by Walter Kaminsky,Hansjörg Sinn Pdf

More than 30 years after the discovery of transition metals and organometal lics as catalysts for olefin polymerization these catalysts did not have lost their fascination. Since 1953 when Karl Ziegler has discovered the catalytic polymerization of ethylene leading to plastically formable polymers which are mechanically stable up to temperatures of about 100°C, synthetic polymers and rubbers have made their way right into private houses. This discovery has been a main impetus for the fast growing production of plastics. The stereoselective poly merization of propylene and other long-chain a-olefins first detected by Giulio Natta leads to an even broadened field of applications. Another enforcing factor were the developments of Standard Oil of Indiana and Phillipps Petroleum Company who engaged in the polymerization of a-olefins supported molybdenum, cobalt and later on chromium catalysts which clearly indicates the wide variety of suitable systems. This kind of research acknowledged merit when in 1963 the Nobel prize of chemistry was awarded to Ziegler and Natta. Although to a great extent there is a technical application for these catalysts, up to now the nature of the active centres and many reaction mechanisms are not completely known.

Author : Tominaga Keii,Kazuo Soga
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Alkenes
ISBN : 4062022656

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Catalytic Polymerization of Olefins by Tominaga Keii,Kazuo Soga Pdf

Author : T. Keii,K. Soga
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 573 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1990-09-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0080887546

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Catalytic Olefin Polymerization by T. Keii,K. Soga Pdf

Recent development of a new generation of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts using either magnesium dichloride as carrier or methylaluminoxane as cocatalyst has markedly stimulated the research activity in the field of olefin polymerization. These discoveries have not only yielded economical processes for polyolefin production but also opened the way to a new generation of novel polymers. Moreover, the nature of active species is being clarified well by the effort to simplify catalyst systems. The present volume includes 38 papers from the 31 lectures and 18 posters presented at the symposium on `Recent Developments in Olefin Polymerization Catalysts', which covered the following topics: Overview of super-active homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, kinetic profile of olefin polymerization including copolymerization, characterization of catalysts and polymers, methods for the determination of active center concentration, role of Lewis bases on the catalysts isospecificity, polymerization mechanisms, and synthetic pathways for functionalized polyolefins. The contents are well balanced between fundamental research and application as well as between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalyst systems.

Author : Tominaga Keii
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Alkenes
ISBN : 0444418016

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Catalytic Polymerization of Olefins by Tominaga Keii Pdf

This book covers the proceedings of a symposium which was attended by researchers from all over the world who reported on and discussed recent advances in the field of catalytic polymerization of olefins. Over two decades have elapsed since the discovery of the Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Tremendous research effort has been aimed at improving this marvelous catalyst. In twenty-five years since the first publication, more than 15,000 papers and patents on the subject and on related subjects have appeared. This effort has yielded new generations of Ziegler-Natta catalysts with superior activity and stereospecificity. The complexities arising from the heterogeneity of the catalyst, however, have hindered understanding of the catalytic processes which take place on the catalyst surface. Nevertheless, many fundamental features of the catalyst system have now been clarified reasonably well. Recently a highly active homogeneous catalytic system has been developed, which is capable of catalyzing even isotactic polymerization of propene. There is no doubt that this finding will not only contribute to our understanding of the detailed mechanism of polymerization but also stimulate the development of various kinds of tailored polymers. Thus this subject will remain of paramount importance in the development of chemistry and polymer science for a long time to come

Author : Walter Kaminsky
Publisher : Wiley-VCH
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2006-08-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3527317422

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Olefin Polymerization by Walter Kaminsky Pdf

With an enormous velocity, olefin polymerization has expanded to one of the most significant fields in polymers since the first industrial use about 50 years ago. In 2005, 100 million tons of polyolefins were produced - the biggest part was catalyzed by metallorganic compounds. The Hamburg Macromolecular Symposium 2005 with the title "Olefin Polymerization" involved topics such as new catalysts and cocatalysts, kinetics, mechanism and polymer reaction engineering, synthesis of special polymers, and characterization of polyolefins. The conference combined scientists from different disciplines to discuss latest research results of polymers and to offer each other the possibility of cooperation. This is reflected in this volume, which contains invited lectures and selected posters presented at the symposium.

Author : V. Dragutan,R. Streck
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1292 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2000-06-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0080528627

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Catalytic Polymerization of Cycloolefins by V. Dragutan,R. Streck Pdf

This book covers the most important topics concerning cationic Ziegler-Natta and ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cycloolefins. The work describes the major pathways that cycloolefins can follow under the action of specific catalytic systems, essentially vinyl and ring-opening polymerization, both reaction types allowing the manufacture of distinct products with wide applicability in modern technologies. The comprehensive data available on this subject are logically and systematically selected and reviewed throughout 18 chapters, according to the basic catalytic processes involved, types of monomers and catalysts employed, reaction conditions and application fields. The modern trends in design of chiral metallocene catalysts, well-defined living metathesis catalysts, catalysts tolerant toward functionalities and water systems are highlighted. The book discusses in detail the relevant aspects of these processes including reaction thermodynamics, kinetics, mechanisms and stereochemistry and correlates the structure of produced polymers with their chemical and physical-mechanical properties. Related important topics include Ziegler-Natta polymerization of olefins and dienes, atom transfer radical polymerization of vinyl compounds, metathesis of olefins and acetylenes, acyclic diene metathesis reaction, carbonyl olefination reaction, metathesis polymerization of acetylenes, metathesis degradation of polymers and ring-opening polymerization of heterocycles. Special emphasis is laid upon the manufacture of commerical products, new polymers and copolymers of potential interest for industry and design and synthesis of speciality polymers with particular structures and architectures and desired properties. The book critically evaluates the most recent achievements reported in this field and outlines the modern trends on the research and application of the catalytic processes for cycloolefin polymerization. For the first time, comprehensive information about the published data on the subject up to now is provided for both academic and industrial researchers working in the areas of polymer chemistry, organic and organometallic chemistry, surface science and catalysis, petrochemistry and chemical engineering. This stimulating book offers an enlightening introduction and a quick documentation on the subject as well as a solid background in this field. Moreover, the work offers a wealth of useful information for specialists applying polymers in various scientific and industrial areas.

Author : R. Blom,A. Follestad,E. Rytter,M. Tilset,M. Ystenes
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642594656

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Organometallic Catalysts and Olefin Polymerization by R. Blom,A. Follestad,E. Rytter,M. Tilset,M. Ystenes Pdf

"Catalysis is more art than science", probably all of you have heard and even used this expression. Whether it is true or not, it alludes to the experience that new catalysts are hard to find, and near impossible to predict. Hard work and a lifetime of experience is invaluable. However, a keen mind might give insight into where to search, but not necessarily about where to find the answers. Historically, "quantum leaps" have often arisen from serendipity - we all know the story about the nickel-contaminated reactor that triggered further research towards the first coordination catalyst for ethene polymerization. Taking advan tage of this event, Karl Ziegler became the first chemist to earn both a Nobel prize and a fortune for the same invention. A broken NMR tube helped Walter Kaminsky discover the effect of high concentrations of methylaluminoxanes as co catalysts for metallocenes. When air reacted with the concentrated trim ethyl aluminum solution, sufficient amounts of methylaluminoxanes were formed, and the lazy catalyst dormant in the NMR tube suddenly became sensationally active. Ziegler and Kaminsky were lucky and had the genius needed to take advantage of their luck.

Author : Yavuz Imamogammalu,Birgül Zümreogammalu-Karan,Allan J. Amass
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 567 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401133289

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Olefin Metathesis and Polymerization Catalysts by Yavuz Imamogammalu,Birgül Zümreogammalu-Karan,Allan J. Amass Pdf

Olefin metathesis reaction can be considered as one of the most successful organic reactions with many applications in the low molecular weight range and also in the polymer field. The use of catalysts with their selective and effective transformation properties in olefin metathesis I polymerization systems is a growing interest. There has been great effort and competition in developing active and commercially useful catalysts. The main aim of this ASI was to gather several research groups and also the people from industry. to present existing knowledge and latest results in the field. A wide range of topics through homogeneous and heterogeneous aspects have been considered. Attention has been drawn to the metal-carbene and metallacyclobutane complexes as active species, the initiation mechanisms, the stereochemistry and thermodynamics of these reactions. New catalytic systems for the metathesis of alkenes and alkynes and fot' ring opening polymeriZation I block copolymerization reactions have been introduced. Spectroscopic studies for the characteriZation of catalysts, simulation studies explaining the function of chain carrier species and polymer degradation have also been covered. A detailed industrial report concerning the patents and applications in olefin metathesis I cyc1001efin polymerization area, fabrication and derivation has been presented. This volume contains the main lectures and seminars given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on " Olefin Metathesis and Polymerization Catalysts: Synthesis, Mechanism and Utilization", held at Akcay. Babkesir. Turkey between 10th and 22nd September 1989.

Author : Zhibin Guan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2009-02-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540877516

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Metal Catalysts in Olefin Polymerization by Zhibin Guan Pdf

Polyolefin is a major industry that is important for our economy and impacts every aspect of our lives. The discovery of new transition metal-based catalysts is one of the driving forces for the further advancement of this field. Whereas the classical heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts and homogeneous early transition metal metallocene catalysts remain the workhorses of the polyolefin industry, in roughly the last decade, tremendous progress has been made in developing non-metallocene-based olefin polymerization catalysts. Particularly, the discovery of late transition metal-based olefin polymerization catalysts heralds a new era for this field. These late transition metal complexes not only exhibit high activities rivaling their early metal counterparts, but more importantly they offer unique properties for polymer architectural control and copolymerization with polar olefins. In this book, the most recent major breakthroughs in the development of new olefin polymerization catalysts, including early metal metallocene and non-metallocene complexes and late transition metal complexes, are discussed by leading experts. The authors highlight the most important discoveries in catalysts and their applications in designing new polyolefin-based functional materials.

Author : John R. Severn,John C. Chadwick
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2008-06-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783527621675

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Tailor-Made Polymers by John R. Severn,John C. Chadwick Pdf

This first comprehensive handbook on this exciting field provides readers with a clear understanding of the current state of the art, ingenious solutions and opportunities. Researchers from academia and industry present such emerging topics as multi-component systems and computational chemistry, as well as the latest developments in competing and complementary technologies. The result is a well-balanced and up-to-date overview.

Author : Lisa S. Baugh,Jo Ann M. Canich
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 698 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2007-11-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420017083

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Stereoselective Polymerization with Single-Site Catalysts by Lisa S. Baugh,Jo Ann M. Canich Pdf

New synthetic techniques allow chemists to modify polymer microstructures more precisely than ever, making it possible to design materials that meet increasingly demanding performance requirements. Written and edited by experts in the field, Stereoselective Polymerization with Single-Site Catalysts reviews how the relative stereochemistry of

Author : Tominaga Keii
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Alkenes
ISBN : 0444418016

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Catalytic Polymerization of Olefins by Tominaga Keii Pdf

Author : Giuliano Giambastiani,Juan Campora
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2011-04-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048138159

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Olefin Upgrading Catalysis by Nitrogen-based Metal Complexes I by Giuliano Giambastiani,Juan Campora Pdf

This book highlights key advances that have occurred in the field of olefin conversion in recent years. The role of homogenous transition metal catalysts which contain an imine functionality is emphasized; their potential applications in the processing and upgrade of olefins to a wide variety of commodity products of very high industrial value is also explored. On the threshold of the fiftieth anniversary of the Noble Prize to Ziegler and Natta, this book gives a critical summary of the state of the art developments in the fascinating and rapidly developing field of the olefin polymerization, oligomerization, and co-polymerization catalysis.