Category Specificity In Brain And Mind

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Category Specificity in Brain and Mind

Emer Forde,Glyn Humphreys
Category Specificity in Brain and Mind Book PDF

Author : Emer Forde,Glyn Humphreys
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 571 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2005-07-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135426248

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Category Specificity in Brain and Mind by Emer Forde,Glyn Humphreys Pdf

Some of the most fascinating deficits in neuropsychology concern the failure to recognise common objects from one semantic category, such as living things, when there is no such difficulty with objects from another, such as non-living things. Over the past twenty years, numerous cases of these 'category specific' recognition and naming problems have been documented and several competing theories have been developed to account for the patients' disorders. Category Specificity in Brain and Mind draws together the neuropsychological literature on category-specific impairments, with research on how children develop knowledge about different categories, functional brain imaging work and computational models of object recognition and semantic memory. The chapters are written by internationally leading psychologists and neuroscientists and the result is a review of the most up-to-date thinking on how knowledge about different categories is acquired and organized in the mind, and where it is represented in the human brain. The text will be essential reading for advanced undergraduates and researchers in the field of category specificity and a rich source of information for neuropsychologists, experimental and developmental psychologists, cognitive scientists and philosophers.

Category-specificity

Keith R. Laws
Category specificity Book PDF

Author : Keith R. Laws
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Categorization (Psychology)
ISBN : 1608766438

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Category-specificity by Keith R. Laws Pdf

From a neuropsychological perspective, our understanding about how knowledge is organised in the human brain has emerged largely from the study of so-called 'category-specific' deficits in neurological patients. Category-specificity is, in very broad terms, the relative loss of cognitive performance in one domain of knowledge over another. The most frequently reported and discussed pattern concerns a dissociation between knowledge about nonliving things (e.g. tools) and living things (e.g. animals). Most reports of categorical impairment have emerged from case studies of patients with pathologies such as herpes simplex encephalitis, strokes or head injuries and the dementias (especially Alzheimer's disease). These category specific effects have been fundamental in forming theories and models about the organisation and modular structure of semantic knowledge in the brain. The different chapters of this book illustrate a broad range of interesting and strongly debated issues arising from the category-specific literature, all of them fundamental to cognitive neuropsychology. This book, written by researchers who during the last decade have intensively researched this intriguing field, present an up-to-date exploration of major neuropsychological issues that have general implications beyond the field of category knowledge e.g. issues such as modularity, computational modelling of cognitive processing, gender-related asymmetries and functional imaging.

Mapping the Mind

Lawrence A. Hirschfeld,Susan A. Gelman
Mapping the Mind Book PDF

Author : Lawrence A. Hirschfeld,Susan A. Gelman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 534 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1994-04-29
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0521429935

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Mapping the Mind by Lawrence A. Hirschfeld,Susan A. Gelman Pdf

A collection of essays introducing the reader to `domain-specificity'.

The Behavioral and Social Sciences

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences
The Behavioral and Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1988-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309037495

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The Behavioral and Social Sciences by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Basic Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences Pdf

This volume explores the scientific frontiers and leading edges of research across the fields of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, history, business, education, geography, law, and psychiatry, as well as the newer, more specialized areas of artificial intelligence, child development, cognitive science, communications, demography, linguistics, and management and decision science. It includes recommendations concerning new resources, facilities, and programs that may be needed over the next several years to ensure rapid progress and provide a high level of returns to basic research.

Life, Brain and Consciousness

G. Sommerhoff
Life Brain and Consciousness Book PDF

Author : G. Sommerhoff
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1989-12-18
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0080867170

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Life, Brain and Consciousness by G. Sommerhoff Pdf

The relation between mind and brain can never be understood by science until the nature of consciousness and self-consciousness is clearly perceived as specific system-properties. In this volume the author tackles this problem in a rigorous analysis which begins with the general dynamics of living systems and leads the reader step-by-step towards firm conclusions about the physical processes of consciousness and the main categories of mental events. Finally the author moves from the cognitive to the affective, and proceeds to interpret a number of uniquely human sensibilities in the light of the general biological perspective he has established.

Semantic Cognition

Timothy T. Rogers,James L. McClelland
Semantic Cognition Book PDF

Author : Timothy T. Rogers,James L. McClelland
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262182394

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Semantic Cognition by Timothy T. Rogers,James L. McClelland Pdf

A mechanistic theory of the representation and use of semantic knowledge that uses distributed connectionist networks as a starting point for a psychological theory of semantic cognition.

From Neurons to Neighborhoods

National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development
From Neurons to Neighborhoods Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2000-11-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309069885

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From Neurons to Neighborhoods by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development Pdf

How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.

The Organisation of Conceptual Knowledge in the Brain

Alex Martin,Alfonso Caramazza
The Organisation of Conceptual Knowledge in the Brain Book PDF

Author : Alex Martin,Alfonso Caramazza
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1841699470

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The Organisation of Conceptual Knowledge in the Brain by Alex Martin,Alfonso Caramazza Pdf

Category-specific knowledge disorders are among the most intriguing and perplexing syndromes in cognitive neuropsychology. The past decade has witnessed increased interest in these disorders, due largely to a heightened appreciation of the profound implications that an understanding of concept representation has for such diverse topics as object recognition, the organisation of the lexicon, and storage of long-term memories. Until recently, information about the representation of concepts was limited to findings from patients with brain injury and disease. This state of affairs has now changed with the advent and wide-spread availability of functional imaging for studying cognition in the normal human brain. The purpose of this special issue is to provide a forum for new findings and critical, theoretical analyses of existing data from patient and functional brain imaging studies. The contributions, all from major investigators in the field, range from studies of specific object categories such as animals, tools, fruit and vegetables, and faces, to the more general domains of number processing, social interaction, and mechanical knowledge. A unifying theme of these papers is the extent to which the findings can be best understood within the context of models that posit an innate, domain-specific organisation, those that appeal to an organisation by sensory- and motor-based features and properties, and those that propose an undifferentiated, distributed neural organisation.

The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components

Steven J. Luck,Emily S. Kappenman
The Oxford Handbook of Event Related Potential Components Book PDF

Author : Steven J. Luck,Emily S. Kappenman
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 665 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012-01-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780195374148

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The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components by Steven J. Luck,Emily S. Kappenman Pdf

The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components provides a detailed and comprehensive overview of the major ERP components. It covers components related to multiple research domains, including perception, cognition, emotion, neurological and psychiatric disorders, and lifespan development.

Structures and Beyond

Adriana Belletti
Structures and Beyond Book PDF

Author : Adriana Belletti
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2004-07-29
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780198038382

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Structures and Beyond by Adriana Belletti Pdf

Adriana Belletti here collects work presented by top scholars at a workshop at the University of Siena in connection with a visit by Noam Chomsky. These eight articles go beyond strictly mapping syntactic properties, touching on broader theoretical questions related to Chomsky's Minimalist Program in particular. The reputation of the contributors, combined with the collection of cutting-edge research in one place, will interest scholars and students of generative linguistics.

The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics

M. Gareth Gaskell,Gerry Altmann
The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics Book PDF

Author : M. Gareth Gaskell,Gerry Altmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 880 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780198568971

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The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics by M. Gareth Gaskell,Gerry Altmann Pdf

The ability to communicate through spoken and written language is one of the defining characteristics of the human race, yet it remains a deeply mysterious process. The young science of psycholinguistics attempts to uncover the mechanisms and representations underlying human language. This interdisciplinary field has seen massive developments over the past decade, with a broad expansion of the research base, and the incorporation of new experimental techniques such as brain imaging and computational modelling. The result is that real progress is being made in the understanding of the key components of language in the mind. The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics brings together the views of 75 leading researchers in psycholinguistics to provide a comprehensive and authoritative review of the current state of the art in psycholinguistics. With almost 50 chapters written by experts in the field, the range and depth of coverage is unequalled. The contributors are eminent in a wide range of fields, including psychology, linguistics, human memory, cognitive neuroscience, bilingualism, genetics, development and neuropsychology. Their contributions are organised into six themed sections, covering word recognition, the mental lexicon, comprehension and discourse, language production, language development, and perspectives on psycholinguistics. The breadth of coverage, coupled with the accessibility of the short chapter format should make the handbook essential reading for both students and researchers in the fields of psychology, linguistics and neuroscience.

The role of body and environment in cognition

Dermot Lynott,Judith Holler,Louise Connell
The role of body and environment in cognition Book PDF

Author : Dermot Lynott,Judith Holler,Louise Connell
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2014-08-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9782889192625

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The role of body and environment in cognition by Dermot Lynott,Judith Holler,Louise Connell Pdf

Recent evidence has shown many ways in which our bodies and the environment influence cognition. In this Research Topic we aim to develop our understanding of cognition by considering the diverse and dynamic relationship between the language we use, our bodily perceptions, and our actions and interactions in the broader environment. There are already many empirical effects illustrating the continuity of mind- body-environment: manipulating body posture influences diverse areas such as mood, hormonal responses, and perception of risk; directing attention to a particular sensory modality can affect language processing, signal detection, and memory performance; placing implicit cues in the environment can impact upon social behaviours, moral judgements, and economic decision making. This Research Topic includes papers that explore the question of how our bodies and the environment influence cognition, such as how we mentally represent the world around us, understand language, reason about abstract concepts, make judgements and decisions, and interact with objects and other people. Contributions focus on empirical, theoretical, methodological or modelling issues as well as opinion pieces or contrasting perspectives. Topic areas include, perception and action, social cognition, emotion, language processing, modality-specific representations, spatial representations, gesture, atypical embodiment, perceptual simulation, cognitive modelling and perspectives on the future of embodiment.

Learning Bodies

Malou Juelskjaer,Thomas Moser,Theresa Schilhab
Learning Bodies Book PDF

Author : Malou Juelskjaer,Thomas Moser,Theresa Schilhab
Publisher : Aarhus Universitetsforlag
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2008-12-31
Category : Education
ISBN : 9788771246230

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Learning Bodies by Malou Juelskjaer,Thomas Moser,Theresa Schilhab Pdf

Is the body a mere container of learning processes? Or can we, in a productive way, develop an approach to learning that includes learning as a bodily phenomenon? The authors all work with the development or refinement of theories of 'learning bodies,' and in this anthology they present the state of the art to anybody with an interest in current scientific discussions about the interplay between body, movement and learning. A full understanding of learning in all its complexity requires that the body is taken into account - regardless of whether we are dealing with the neurological foundations of learning processes, skill acquisition, mental health and illness, aesthetics or the physical setting where the learning takes place. Body, movement and senses (in short: corporeality), provide the necessary experiences for change and development in relation to life-long learning. This anthology presents a range of theoretical approaches to learning; neuroscience, psychiatry, sociology, psychology, phenomenology and pedagogy. By presenting this range of approaches, the anthology raises a central question in the philosophy of science: the need for incorporation of different approaches to achieve further insights. The first section of the book, The Learning Body, concerns the learning process from a psychological, neuroscience and phenomenological point of view. In part two, The Encultured Body, gender and aesthetics will be analysed in relation to the body and the community of practice. The third section, The Educated Body, sheds light on various aspects of the body in educational contexts and different body-related conditions for learning. The anthology is of particular interest to researchers and students of education, development, and psychology, and to those interested in body and movement, both biomedical and the relation to social science and the humanities.

Representation, Memory, and Development

Nancy L. Stein,Patricia J. Bauer,Mitchell Rabinowitz,George Mandler
Representation Memory and Development Book PDF

Author : Nancy L. Stein,Patricia J. Bauer,Mitchell Rabinowitz,George Mandler
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2014-05-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135635893

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Representation, Memory, and Development by Nancy L. Stein,Patricia J. Bauer,Mitchell Rabinowitz,George Mandler Pdf

A festschrift to honor Jean Mandler, this volume contains contributions from leading scholars focusing on the child's development of memory, visual representation, and language. It is appropriate for students and researchers in cognitive psychology, language acquisition, and memory.

Essentials of Cognitive Neuroscience

Bradley R. Postle
Essentials of Cognitive Neuroscience Book PDF

Author : Bradley R. Postle
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 607 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2015-02-23
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781118468067

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Essentials of Cognitive Neuroscience by Bradley R. Postle Pdf

Essentials of Cognitive Neuroscience guides undergraduate and early-stage graduate students with no previous neuroscientific background through the fundamental principles and themes in a concise, organized, and engaging manner. Provides students with the foundation to understand primary literature, recognize current controversies in the field, and engage in discussions on cognitive neuroscience and its future Introduces important experimental methods and techniques integrated throughout the text Assists student comprehension through four-color images and thorough pedagogical resources throughout the text Accompanied by a robust website with multiple choice questions, experiment vidoes, fMRI data, web links and video narratives from a global group of leading scientists for students. For Instructors there are sample syllabi and exam questions