Catholic Spectacle And Rome S Jews

Author : Emily Michelson
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2024-02-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691233413

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Catholic Spectacle and Rome's Jews by Emily Michelson Pdf

A new investigation that shows how conversionary preaching to Jews was essential to the early modern Catholic Church and the Roman religious landscape Starting in the sixteenth century, Jews in Rome were forced, every Saturday, to attend a hostile sermon aimed at their conversion. Harshly policed, they were made to march en masse toward the sermon and sit through it, all the while scrutinized by local Christians, foreign visitors, and potential converts. In Catholic Spectacle and Rome’s Jews, Emily Michelson demonstrates how this display was vital to the development of early modern Catholicism. Drawing from a trove of overlooked manuscripts, Michelson reconstructs the dynamics of weekly forced preaching in Rome. As the Catholic Church began to embark on worldwide missions, sermons to Jews offered a unique opportunity to define and defend its new triumphalist, global outlook. They became a point of prestige in Rome. The city’s most important organizations invested in maintaining these spectacles, and foreign tourists eagerly attended them. The title of “Preacher to the Jews” could make a man’s career. The presence of Christian spectators, Roman and foreign, was integral to these sermons, and preachers played to the gallery. Conversionary sermons also provided an intellectual veneer to mask ongoing anti-Jewish aggressions. In response, Jews mounted a campaign of resistance, using any means available. Examining the history and content of sermons to Jews over two and a half centuries, Catholic Spectacle and Rome’s Jews argues that conversionary preaching to Jews played a fundamental role in forming early modern Catholic identity.

Author : Kenneth Stow
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2018-01-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351154994

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Jewish Life in Early Modern Rome by Kenneth Stow Pdf

The essays in this second volume by Kenneth Stow explore the fate of Jews living in Rome, directly under the eye of the Pope. Most Roman Jews were not immigrants; some had been there before the time of Christ. Nor were they cultural strangers. They spoke (Roman) Italian, ate and dressed as did other Romans, and their marital practices reflected Roman noble usage. Rome's Jews were called cives, but unequal ones, and to resolve this anomaly, Paul IV closed them within ghetto walls in 1555; the rest of Europe would resolve this crux in the late eighteenth century, through civil Emancipation. In its essence, the ghetto was a limbo, from which only conversion, promoted through "disciplining" par excellence, offered an exit. Nonetheless, though increasingly impoverished, Rome's Jews preserved culture and reinforced family life, even many women's rights. A system of consensual arbitration enabled a modicum of self-governance. Yet Rome's Jews also came to realize that they had been expelled into the ghetto: nostro ghet, a document of divorce, as they called it. There they would remain, segregated, so long as they remained Jews. Such are the themes that the author examines in these essays.

Author : Fredric Brandfon
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2023-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9780827619029

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Intimate Strangers by Fredric Brandfon Pdf

The Jewish community of Rome is the oldest Jewish community in Europe. It is also the Jewish community with the longest continuous history, having avoided interruptions, expulsions, and annihilations since 139 BCE. For most of that time, Jewish Romans have lived in close contact with the largest continuously functioning international organization: the Roman Catholic Church. Given the church's origins in Judaism, Jews and Catholics have spent two thousand years negotiating a necessary and paradoxical relationship. With engaging stories that illuminate the history of Jews and Jewish-Catholic relations in Rome, Intimate Strangers investigates the unusual relationship between Jews and Catholics as it has developed from the first century CE to the present in the Eternal City. Fredric Brandfon innovatively frames these relations through an anthropological lens: how the idea and language of family have shaped the self-understanding of both Roman Jews and Catholics. The familial relations are lopsided, the powerful family member often persecuting the weaker one; the church ghettoized the Jews of Rome longer than any other community in Europe. Yet respect and support are also part of the family dynamic--for instance, church members and institutions protected Rome's Jews during the Nazi occupation--and so the relationship continues. Brandfon begins by examining the Arch of Titus and the Jewish catacombs as touchstones, painting a picture of a Jewish community remaining Jewish over centuries. Papal processions and the humiliating races at Carnival time exemplify Jewish interactions with the predominant Catholic powers in medieval and Renaissance Rome. The Roman Ghetto, the forcible conversion of Jews, emancipation from the Ghetto in light of Italian nationalism, the horrors of fascism and the Nazi occupation in Rome, the Second Vatican Council proclamation absolving Jews of murdering Christ, and the celebration of Israel's birth at the Arch of Titus are interwoven with Jewish stories of daily life through the centuries. Intimate Strangers takes us on a compelling sweep of two thousand years of history through the present successes and dilemmas of Roman Jews in postwar Europe.

Author : Philip A. Cunningham,Norbert Johannes Hofmann,Joseph Sievers
Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : History
ISBN : 9780823228058

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The Catholic Church and the Jewish People by Philip A. Cunningham,Norbert Johannes Hofmann,Joseph Sievers Pdf

This book makes available in English important essays that mark the fortieth anniversary of the Second Vatican Council's Declaration on the Relationship of the Church to Non-Christian Religions (Nostra Aetate). Surveying Vatican dialogues and documents, the essays explore challenging theological questions posed by the Shoah and the Catholic recognition of the Jewish people's covenantal life with God. Featuring essays by Vatican officials, leading rabbis, diplomats, and Catholic and Jewish scholars, the book discusses the nature of Christian-Jewish relations and the need to remember their conflicted and often tragic history, aspects of a Christian theology of Judaism, the Catholic-Jewish dialogue since the Shoah, and the establishment of formal diplomatic relations between the Holy See and Israel. The book includes an essay by Cardinal Walter Kasper, president of the Pontifical Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews, and documents on the rapprochement between the Church and the Jewish people.

Author : Stephan Wendehorst
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2004-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9789047406228

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The Roman Inquisition, the Index and the Jews by Stephan Wendehorst Pdf

Drawing on ongoing research in the archive of the former Roman Inquisition, this volume presents new perspectives for research on the relations between the Catholic Church, Jews and Judaism and places them within the context of the extant scholarship on papal policy, censorship and the Marrano milieu.

Author : Marina Caffiero
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520254510

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Forced Baptisms by Marina Caffiero Pdf

This book makes use of newly available archival sources to reexamine the Roman Catholic Church’s policy, from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries, of coercing the Jews of Rome into converting to Christianity. Marina Caffiero, one of the first historians permitted access to important archives, sets individual stories of denunciation, betrayal, pleading, and conflict into historical context to highlight the Church’s actions and the Jewish response. Caffiero documents the regularity with which Jews were abducted from the Roman ghetto and pressured to accept baptism. She analyzes why some Jewish men, interested in gaining a business advantage, were more inclined to accept conversion than the women. The book exposes the complexity of relations between the papacy and the Jews, revealing the Church not as a monolithic entity, but as a network of competing institutions, and affirming the Roman Jews as active agents of resistance.

Author : Louis Israel Newman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1945
Category : Electronic
ISBN : STANFORD:36105126645063

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A "chief Rabbi" of Rome Becomes a Catholic by Louis Israel Newman Pdf

Author : Wallace P. Sillanpoa
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781351485227

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The Chief Rabbi, the Pope, and the Holocaust by Wallace P. Sillanpoa Pdf

In February 1945, Israele Zolli, chief rabbi of Rome's ancient Jewish community, shocked his co-religionists in Italy and throughout the Jewish world by converting to Catholicism and taking as his baptismal name, Eugenio, to honor Pope Pius XII (Eugenio Pacelli) for what Zolli saw as his great humanitarianism toward the Jews during the Holocaust. Almost a half a century after his conversion, Zolli still evokes anger and embarrassment in Italy's Jewish community. This book is the first authoritative treatment of this astonishing story. What induced Zolli to embrace Catholicism will probably never be known. Nonetheless, by painstaking scholarly detective work, through interviews in Italy and elsewhere, through the unearthing of private papers not previous known to exist, and through the study of previous inaccessible archival materials, the authors have succeeded in explaining why Zolli left the Jewish fold and joined the Catholic Church. Like Zolli's rabbinical career, Pius XII's long pontificate tells us much about the Church of Rome and its relationship to the Jewish people, particularly with reference to the issue of conversion. The authors focus on the pontiff's World War II policies vis-A-vis the Jews, a subject that has been heatedly debated since Rolf Hochhuth's The Deputy was performed in the early 1960s. What Pacelli knew abut the extermination of the Jews and when he knew it, what he said and failed to say, are given special attention in this book. Through the examination of previous scholarship and primary materials (including Pius XI's encyclical on race and anti-Semitism, Pacelli's behavior is evaluated to determine if Zolli accurately gauged the Holy Father's efforts to save Jews. This saga of the two Eugenios will interest historians of the Second World War and the Holocaust and students of history alike.

Author : John Connelly
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2012-03-05
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780674068469

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From Enemy to Brother by John Connelly Pdf

In 1965 the Second Vatican Council declared that God loves the Jews. Before that, the Church had taught for centuries that Jews were cursed by God and, in the 1940s, mostly kept silent as Jews were slaughtered by the Nazis. How did an institution whose wisdom is said to be unchanging undertake one of the most enormous, yet undiscussed, ideological swings in modern history? The radical shift of Vatican II grew out of a buried history, a theological struggle in Central Europe in the years just before the Holocaust, when a small group of Catholic converts (especially former Jew Johannes Oesterreicher and former Protestant Karl Thieme) fought to keep Nazi racism from entering their newfound church. Through decades of engagement, extending from debates in academic journals, to popular education, to lobbying in the corridors of the Vatican, this unlikely duo overcame the most problematic aspect of Catholic history. Their success came not through appeals to morality but rather from a rediscovery of neglected portions of scripture. From Enemy to Brother illuminates the baffling silence of the Catholic Church during the Holocaust, showing how the ancient teaching of deicide—according to which the Jews were condemned to suffer until they turned to Christ—constituted the Church’s only language to talk about the Jews. As he explores the process of theological change, John Connelly moves from the speechless Vatican to those Catholics who endeavored to find a new language to speak to the Jews on the eve of, and in the shadow of, the Holocaust.

Author : Frank J. Coppa
Publisher : CUA Press
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : 9780813214498

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The Papacy, the Jews, and the Holocaust by Frank J. Coppa Pdf

This work not only examines Rome's reaction during the fascist period but delves into the broader historical development and the impact of theological anti-Judaism

Author : Ronald Modras
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 439 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-17
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9781135286170

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The Catholic Church and Antisemitism by Ronald Modras Pdf

Interwar Poland was home to more Jews than any other country in Europe. Its commonplace but simplistic identification with antisemitism was due largely to nationalist efforts to boycott Jewish business. That they failed was not for want of support by the Catholic clergy, for whom the ''Jewish question'' was more than economic. The myth of a Masonic-Jewish alliance to subvert Christian culture first flourished in France but held considerable sway over Catholics in 1930s Poland as elsewhere. This book examines how, following Vatican policy, Polish church leaders resisted separation of church and state in the name of Catholic culture. In that struggle, every assimilated Jew served as both a symbol and a potential agent of security. Antisemitism is no longer regarded as a legitimate political stance. But in Europe, the United States, and the Middle East, the issues of religious culture, national identity, and minorities are with us still. This study of interwar Poland will shed light on dilemmas that still effect us today.

Author : David I. Kertzer
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2007-12-18
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780307429216

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The Popes Against the Jews by David I. Kertzer Pdf

In this meticulously researched, unflinching, and reasoned study, National Book Award finalist David I. Kertzer presents shocking revelations about the role played by the Vatican in the development of modern anti-Semitism. Working in long-sealed Vatican archives, Kertzer unearths startling evidence to undermine the Church’s argument that it played no direct role in the spread of modern anti-Semitism. In doing so, he challenges the Vatican’s recent official statement on the subject, We Remember. Kertzer tells an unsettling story that has stirred up controversy around the world and sheds a much-needed light on the past.

Author : R. Michael
Publisher : Springer
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2008-03-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9780230611177

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A History of Catholic Antisemitism by R. Michael Pdf

Moving from the Catholic Church's pagan origins, through the Roman era, middle ages, and Reformation to the present, Robert Michael here provides a definitive history of Catholic antisemitism.

Author : John Connelly
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012-03-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674064881

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From Enemy to Brother by John Connelly Pdf

In 1965 the Second Vatican Council declared that God loves the Jews. Yet the Church had taught for centuries that Jews were cursed by God, and had mostly kept silent as Jews were slaughtered by Nazis. How did an institution whose wisdom is said to be unchanging undertake one of the largest, yet most undiscussed, ideological swings in modern history?

Author : Philip A. Cunningham
Publisher : Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780802872098

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Seeking Shalom by Philip A. Cunningham Pdf

In this book Philip Cunningham traces the remarkable developments in Christian-Jewish relations over the last fifty years. Centuries of antipathy and suspicion have largely given way to a new, mutually enriching relationship between the two ancient traditions of Judaism and Christianity. A specialist in Christian-Jewish relations, Cunningham tells this complex story in light of both Scripture and theology, including especially the disciplines of Christology, ecclesiology, and soteriology. His informed discussion covers the period from Vatican II, particularly its momentous 1965 Declaration on the Churchs Relationship to Non-Christian Religions (Nostra Aetate), up to the present day. After fifty years of significant dialogue, Cunningham suggests, Christians and Jews are now on the threshold of building trueshalom between their two communities, experiencing the Holy One anew in each others distinctive and edifying ways of walking with God.