Causes And Effects Of Stratospheric Ozone Reduction

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Environmental Studies Board,Committee on Biological Effects of Increased Solar Ultraviolet Radiation,Committee on Chemistry and Physics of Ozone Depletion
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1982-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309032483

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Causes and Effects of Stratospheric Ozone Reduction by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Environmental Studies Board,Committee on Biological Effects of Increased Solar Ultraviolet Radiation,Committee on Chemistry and Physics of Ozone Depletion Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Ozone layer depletion
ISBN : OCLC:25717039

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Causes and Effects of Stratospheric Ozone Reduction by Anonim Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Environmental Studies Board,Committee on Biological Effects of Increased Solar Ultraviolet Radiation,Committee on Chemistry and Physics of Ozone Depletion
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1982-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309032482

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Causes and Effects of Stratospheric Ozone Reduction by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Environmental Studies Board,Committee on Biological Effects of Increased Solar Ultraviolet Radiation,Committee on Chemistry and Physics of Ozone Depletion Pdf

Author : Shagoon Tabin
Publisher : APH Publishing
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Global warming
ISBN : 8131303969

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Global Warming: The Effect Of Ozone Depletion by Shagoon Tabin Pdf

Author : Sari Kovats,Bettina Menne,Anthony McMichael,Roberto Bertollini,Colin Soskolne
Publisher : WHO Regional Office Europe
Page : 127 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2000-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789289013550

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Climate Change and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion by Sari Kovats,Bettina Menne,Anthony McMichael,Roberto Bertollini,Colin Soskolne Pdf

A balanced assessment based on currently available scientific knowledge of the effects that climate change may have on the environment in Europe and the health of its populations. Written in non-technical language the book responds to growing public and political concern about the consequences of such widely publicized phenomena as global warming and stratospheric ozone depletion. The book also responds to evidence that recent warming trends in Europe have already affected health. The book opens with a brief explanation of the causes of climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion followed by an overview of recent European and global initiatives aimed at monitoring trends and assessing their impact on health. The first main chapter on climate change in Europe summarizes currently documented trends and provides a scenario of possible changes throughout the rest of this century. The second and most extensive chapter reviews scientific evidence on specific health consequences. These include effects related to increased episodes of thermal stress and air pollution; changes in foodborne water-related vector-borne and rodent-borne diseases; mortality from floods and other weather extremes; and changes in the production of aeroallergens associated with respiratory disorders including asthma. Chapter three considers health effects linked to stratospheric ozone depletion giving particular attention to adverse effects on the eye and immune system and skin cancer. The remaining chapters discuss health effects expected in the next decade and outline actions urgently needed in the areas of policy monitoring and surveillance and research.

Author : BC Environment. Air Resources Branch
Publisher : Air Resources Branch
Page : 23 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Ozone layer depletion
ISBN : 0772634556

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Depletion of the Stratospheric Ozone Layer : the Science, Impacts and Mitigation Measures by BC Environment. Air Resources Branch Pdf

This report examines key issues surrounding ozone depletion, beginning with the status of the stratospheric ozone layer and the causes of depletion of this layer. Impacts of ozone depletion and the consequent increase in ultraviolet-B radiation are reviewed along with global and Canadian initiatives to protect the ozone layer. This is followed by review of ozone layer protection initiatives in British Columbia. Finally initiatives that should be carried out in the near future by the provincial and federal governments are identified. Appendices include information on the ozone depleting potential of various chemicals, ozone-depleting substance phase-out dates, and key requirements of the provincial Ozone-Depleting Substances Regulation.

Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Causes and Effects of Changes in Stratospheric Ozone, Update 1983
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Science
ISBN : NAP:15215

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Causes and Effects of Changes in Stratospheric Ozone by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Causes and Effects of Changes in Stratospheric Ozone, Update 1983 Pdf

Author : Robert C. Worrest,Martyn M. Caldwell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642700903

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Stratospheric Ozone Reduction, Solar Ultraviolet Radiation and Plant Life by Robert C. Worrest,Martyn M. Caldwell Pdf

Inadvertent alterations of the earth's atmosphere by man's activities are now of regional and even global proportion. Increasing concern has been focused in the last decade on consequences of acid rain, carbon dioxide enrichment of the atmosphere and reduction of ozone in the upper atmosphere. The latter two problems are of truly global scale. This book focuses on the atmospheric ozone reduction problem and the potential consequences for plant life. unlike carbon dioxide enrichment, reduction of the total atmospheric ozone column has not yet taken place to a noticeable degree -- it is a problem of the future. The processes leading to ozone reduction involve time periods on the scale of decades. However, by the same token, if society finds ozone reduction to be unacceptable it will take even longer for the process to be reversed. Thus, anticipation of the consequences of ozone reduction is of obvious importance. Speculation of the possibility of ozone reduction first appeared in the early 1970's and was focused on the consequences of the injection of large quantities of nitrogen oxides into the upper atmosphere by supersonic aircraft flying at high altitudes. Other sources of nitrogen oxides originating from the earth's surface were also considered. With further refinement, the concerns of nitrogen oxide pollution of the upper atmosphere were diminished since the quantities likely to be involved were insufficient to cause a serious threat to the ozone layer.

Author : United Nations Environment Programme
Publisher : UN
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Ozone layer depletion
ISBN : UCSD:31822023942295

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The Impact of Ozone-layer Depletion by United Nations Environment Programme Pdf

Global Environment Monitoring System.

Author : Peter Fabian,Martin Dameris
Publisher : Springer Science & Business
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642540998

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Ozone in the Atmosphere by Peter Fabian,Martin Dameris Pdf

Peter Fabian and Martin Dameris provide a concise yet comprehensive overview of established scientific knowledge about ozone in the atmosphere. They present both ozone changes and trends in the stratosphere, as well as the effects of overabundance in the troposphere including the phenomenon of photosmog. Aspects such as photochemistry, atmospheric dynamics and global ozone distribution as well as various techniques for ozone measurement are treated. The authors outline the various causes for ozone depletion, the effects of ozone pollution and the relation to climate change. The book provides a handy reference guide for researchers active in atmospheric ozone research and a useful introduction for advanced students specializing in this field. Non-specialists interested in this field will also profit from reading the book. Peter Fabian can look back on a life-long active career in ozone research, having first gained international recognition for his measurements of the global distribution of halogenated hydrocarbons. He also pioneered photosmog investigations in the metropolitan areas of Munich, Berlin, Athens and Santiago de Chile, and his KROFEX facility provided controlled ozone fumigation of adult tree canopies for biologists to investigate the effects of ozone increases on forests. Besides having published a broad range of scientific articles, he has also been the author or editor of numerous books. From 2002 to 2005 he served the European Geosciences Union (EGU) as their first and Founding President. Martin Dameris is a prominent atmospheric modeler whose interests include the impacts of all kinds of natural and man-made disturbances on the atmospheric system. His scientific work focuses on the connections between ozone and climate changes. For many years he has been an active contributor to the WMO scientific ozone depletion assessments, which have been used to monitor the depletion and recovery of the ozone layer in accordance with the Montreal Protocol.

Author : Larry Parker,Wayne A. Morrissey
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 94 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Science
ISBN : 1590337921

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Stratospheric Ozone Depletion by Larry Parker,Wayne A. Morrissey Pdf

For two decades, scientists have been warning that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons (bromine-containing fluorocarbons) may deplete the stratospheric ozone shield that screens out some of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet rays and thus regulates the amounts which reach the Earth's surface. CFCs have been used as refrigerants, solvents, foam blowing agents, and outside the United States, as aerosol propellants; Halons are used primarily as fire-fighting agents. Increased radiation could result in an increase in skin cancers, suppression of the human immune system, and decreased productivity of terrestrial and aquatic organisms, including some commercially important crops. This book deals with implementation, policy issues and phase out of methyl bromide. In September 1987, 47 countries (including the United States) agreed to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, which first required controls on the world's consumption of ozone depleting substances. Over 160 countries have signed on to the Protocol, whose phasedown schedule for developed countries was accelerated twice and completely phased out Halon production at the end of 1994 and CFC production at the end of 1995. The Protocol's coverage has also been extended to include hydrochlorofluorocarbons and other chlorine- and bromine-containing substances such as some solvents and methyl bromide, a widely used soil fumigant.

Author : A. J. Grobecker,United States. Department of Transportation. Climatic Impact Assessment Program Office,R. S. C. Coroniti,Robert H. Cannon (Jr.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Air
ISBN : UCBK:C101136042

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The Effects of Stratospheric Pollution by Aircraft by A. J. Grobecker,United States. Department of Transportation. Climatic Impact Assessment Program Office,R. S. C. Coroniti,Robert H. Cannon (Jr.) Pdf

Author : Frank A. Bower
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351093828

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Stratospheric Ozone and Man by Frank A. Bower Pdf

The book, as originally conceived, was to be limited to technical considerations, but the scientific course of event has been so interwoven with non-scientific, but nevertheless related events, the authors felt necessary to include an account of this situation. Accordingly, the book is divided into five sections entitled: Stratospheric ozone Atmospheric processes influencing stratospheric ozone Does man influence stratospheric ozone Effects and research Public policy

Author : Asit K. Biswas
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483159614

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The Ozone Layer by Asit K. Biswas Pdf

The Ozone Layer contains the proceedings of the Meeting of Experts on the Ozone Layer, organized by the United Nations Environment Programme and held in Washington, DC, on March 1-9, 1977. The papers review all aspects of the ozone layer, including the potential impact of stratospheric pollution and a reduction in the ozone layer on mankind, and encompass fields ranging from stratopheric physics and chemistry to biology, ecology, trade, and economics. This book is comprised of 23 papers and begins with a discussion on the environmental aspects of stratospheric ozone depletion and the effects of changing levels of ultraviolet radiation on phytoplankton, plants, timber production, and human health. Subsequent chapters explore some economic and social implications of a possible ban on the use of fluorocarbons; the link between atmospheric exchange processes and the ozone problem; and industry-sponsored studies on the effects of chlorofluorocarbons on the concentration of atmospheric ozone. The remaining chapters focus on stratospheric and ozone research activities in countries such as Canada, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, and the United States. This monograph will be a valuable resource for environmental scientists and policymakers.

Author : Sivakumaran Sivaramanan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2018-01-19
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 197694225X

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Ozone Depletion Causes, Effects, Controlling Programmes and Its Recovery by Sivakumaran Sivaramanan Pdf

Thinning of Antarctic ozone layer during spring season has been observed since 1980s, largest depletion occurred during the period between 1980 and 2000. Incoming UV (particularly UVB & UVC) during the Antarctic spring causes deleterious effects such as cataract, skin burns, melanoma, reduction in agricultural food production and climatological changes. After 1987 Montreal protocol significant efforts are made mainly by UNEP, WMO and WHO to reduce the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone depleting substances (ODS), protocol established an international time frame on reducing the use of ODS. Multilateral funds were made available to developing countries to get rid of ODS under this programme. Resent readings reviled the size of the ozone hole is now 9.3 million square miles in September, 2014 this is smaller than the past years where it was 11.5 million square miles in September, 2000 and complete recovery is expected by 2070.