Challenges Of Discourse Processing

Author : Patrick Saint-Dizier
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2014-03-17
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781443857512

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Challenges of Discourse Processing by Patrick Saint-Dizier Pdf

Discourse analysis remains an unresolved challenge in Computational Linguistics, in spite of the numerous theoretical works that have been developed in the past two decades. This situation is mainly due to the complexity of discourse constructions whose recognition often involves language analysis associated with domain knowledge and reasoning. Technical documents, such as procedures, requirements, and product manuals, must be relatively constrained in terms of language diversity and complexity: the goal is to make sure that users can efficiently and accurately understand these documents. For that purpose, these documents often follow authoring guidelines. These constraints make it possible to develop an accurate discourse analysis of technical documents which can be used to model their contents and to improve their overall quality. This book shows that linguistic analysis and natural language processing methods can efficiently be used to automatically recognize the discourse structures of technical documents, independently of the industrial sector and activity that is considered. Furthermore, the book presents well-founded and concrete solutions, which can be deployed in industrial contexts for various types of applications. This book begins with a presentation of the different types of technical texts. Their structure is then developed in conjunction with a survey of a number of authoring guidelines developed in the industry. The TextCoop platform and the Dislog language, designed for discourse analysis, are then presented with a large number of concrete examples, allowing readers to develop their own applications. The book concludes with an in-depth investigation of the structure of procedures and requirements.

Author : A. Flammer,W. Kinzelbach
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2000-04-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780080866628

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Discourse Processing by A. Flammer,W. Kinzelbach Pdf

Research on discourse (or text) processing has only recently come into its own. It builds on the work of text analysis which has a long and distinguished history, but modern developments in psychology (e.g. memory research), artificial intelligence, linguistics and philosophy have contributed to this emergence in the last decade as a lively and promising research area. This book contains 46 selected and edited contributions from the International Symposium held in Fribourg in 1981, and represents a truly international overview of the developments in research on written and oral discourse. The contributions have been grouped according to problem area and not according to methodology, with the intention of focusing on the important issues in the field of discourse processing and of showing how diverse approaches contribute to a better understanding of the problems involved. The main themes are: text structure, coherence, inference, memory processes, attention and control, goal perspectives, and educational implications.

Author : Manfred Stede
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031021442

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Discourse Processing by Manfred Stede Pdf

Discourse Processing here is framed as marking up a text with structural descriptions on several levels, which can serve to support many language-processing or text-mining tasks. We first explore some ways of assigning structure on the document level: the logical document structure as determined by the layout of the text, its genre-specific content structure, and its breakdown into topical segments. Then the focus moves to phenomena of local coherence. We introduce the problem of coreference and look at methods for building chains of coreferring entities in the text. Next, the notion of coherence relation is introduced as the second important factor of local coherence. We study the role of connectives and other means of signaling such relations in text, and then return to the level of larger textual units, where tree or graph structures can be ascribed by recursively assigning coherence relations. Taken together, these descriptions can inform text summarization, information extraction, discourse-aware sentiment analysis, question answering, and the like. Table of Contents: Introduction / Large Discourse Units and Topics / Coreference Resolution / Small Discourse Units and Coherence Relations / Summary: Text Structure on Multiple Interacting Levels

Author : Donald G. Ellis,William A. Donohue
Publisher : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015011025833

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Contemporary Issues in Language and Discourse Processes by Donald G. Ellis,William A. Donohue Pdf

Author : Timothy Koschmann
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 125 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-07
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781135489090

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Meaning Making by Timothy Koschmann Pdf

This special issue focuses on the difficult problem of how observers and researchers can make sense of how collaborating participants develop a shared understanding both of their task and their own participation in it. Or stated in another way, how can we derive meaning from their emergent and situated meaning making? Meaning making has been studied under a variety of names, and can be conceptualized on different levels of abstraction and from a variety of perspectives. The goal is to attempt to tease apart some of these views, while at the same time seeking means to bring them together in order to provide a more fully elaborated picture. This issue comes with downloadable resources containing the brief video segment which all authors analyzed in the preparation of their contributions.

Author : G. Rickheit,C. Habel
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1999-10-29
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0080536220

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Mental Models in Discourse Processing and Reasoning by G. Rickheit,C. Habel Pdf

In this interdisciplinary discussion on mental models, researchers from various areas in cognitive science tackle the following questions: What is a mental model? What are the prospects and limitations in applying the mental model notion in cognitive science? How can the ideas on the nature of mental models and their mode of operation be empirically substantiated? The primary goal of the research group was to work out a definition of mental models that embraces the overall use of this construct in cognitive science as well as the more specific conceptions used in particular research domains such as cognitive linguistics. Theoretical claims about the properties of mental models were discussed and their tenability evaluated against the empirical evidence. The volume is divided into three parts. Fundamental aspects of mental models are presented in the first section, the following part contains contributions to the function of mental models in discourse processing, and finally problems of mental models in reasoning and problem solving are outlined.

Author : Maxime Amblard,Michel Musiol,Manuel Rebuschi
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2021-06-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030714345

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(In)coherence of Discourse by Maxime Amblard,Michel Musiol,Manuel Rebuschi Pdf

This present book explores recent advances in modeling discourse processes, in particular, new approaches aimed at understanding pathological language behavior specific to schizophrenia. The contributors examine the modeling paradigm of formal semantics, which falls within the scope of both linguistics and logic while providing overlapping links with other fields such as philosophy of language and cognitive psychology. This book is based on results presented during the series of workshops on (In)Coherence and Discourse organized by SLAM (Schizophrenia and Language: Analysis and Modeling), a project developed to systemize the study of pathological language processing by taking an overarching interdisciplinary approach combining psychology, linguistics, computer science and philosophy. The principle focus is on conversations produced by people with psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. The contributions come from young and experienced researchers, and invited speakers. The book appeals to likeminded students and researchers.

Author : Michael F. Schober,David N. Rapp,M. Anne Britt
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317417972

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The Routledge Handbook of Discourse Processes by Michael F. Schober,David N. Rapp,M. Anne Britt Pdf

The second edition of The Routledge Handbook of Discourse Processes provides a state-of-the-art overview of the field of discourse processes, highlighting the subject’s interdisciplinary foundations and bringing together established and emergent scholars to provide a dynamic roadmap of the evolution of the field. This new edition reflects several of the enormous changes in the world since the publication of the first edition—changes in modes of communication and an increased urgency to understand how people comprehend and trust information. The contents of this volume attempt to address fundamental questions about what we should now be thinking about reading, listening, talking, and writing. The chapters collected here represent a wide range of empirical methods currently available: lab or field experiments, with a range of measures, from quantitative to qualitative; observational studies, including classrooms or organizational communication; corpus analyses; conversation analysis; computational modeling; and linguistic analyses. The chapters also draw attention to the explosion of contextually rich and computationally intensive data analysis tools which have changed the research landscape, along with more contemporary measures of people’s discourse use, from eye-tracking to video analysis tools to brain scans. The Routledge Handbook of Discourse Processes, Second edition is the ideal resource for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in a variety of disciplines, including discourse analysis, conversation analysis, cognitive psychology, and cognitive science.

Author : Yves Joanette,Hiram Brownell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781461232629

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Discourse Ability and Brain Damage by Yves Joanette,Hiram Brownell Pdf

Nonspecialists are often surprised by the issues studied and the perspectives assumed by basic scientific researchers. Nowhere has the surprise traditionally been greater than in the field of psychology. College students anticipate that their psychology courses will illuminate their personal problems and their friends' per sonalities; they are nonplussed to discover that the perception of geometric forms and the running ofT-mazes dominates the textbooks. The situation is comparable in the domain of linguistics. Nonprofessional observers assume that linguists study exotic languages, that when they choose to focus on their own language, they will examine the meanings of utterances and the uses to which language is put. Such onlookers are taken aback to learn that the learning of remote languages is a marginal activity for most linguists; they are equally amazed to discover that the lion's share of work in the discipline focuses on issues of syntax and phonol ogy, which are virtually invisible to the speaker of a language. Science moves in its own, often mysterious ways, and there are perfectly good reasons why experimental psychologists prefer to look at mazes rather than at madness, and why linguists study syntax rather than Sanskrit. Nonetheless, it is a happy event for all concerned when the interests of professionals and non specialists begin to move toward one another and a field of study comes to address the "big questions" as well as the experimentally most tractable ones. Discourse Ability and Brain Damage reflects this trend in scientific research.

Author : Jonathan Fine,Roy O. Freedle
Publisher : Greenwood
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : STANFORD:36105031945756

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Developmental Issues in Discourse by Jonathan Fine,Roy O. Freedle Pdf

Author : Nelson Phillips,Cynthia Hardy
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2002-06-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781506319681

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Discourse Analysis by Nelson Phillips,Cynthia Hardy Pdf

Discourse Analysis: Investigating Processes of Social Construction is the first book to provide a concise, straightforward guide for students and researchers who are interested in understanding and using discourse analysis. The authors reflect on the practice of analyzing discourse and the potential for revealing the processes of social construction that constitute social and organizational life. Addressed to graduate students, academics, and experienced researchers, this book is a comprehensive guide for those new to discourse analysis as well as for researchers in need of a complement to other modes of inquiry.

Author : Gail Stygall
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027250384

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Trial Language by Gail Stygall Pdf

This study of Anglo-American legal discourse is the first comprehensive discourse analysis of American legal language in its prototypical setting, the trial by jury. With ethnographic data gathered in a civil jury trial, the book compares the discourse processing of the legal participants and the lay jurors in the trial.This study, examining an entire trial, finds that it is constraints at the level of a Foucauldian discursive formation that prevent lay understanding. Those constraints include the allocation of narrative speaking roles primarily to legal speakers in genres in which no sworn evidence is given, the suppression of narrative in ordinary witnesses, a set of restraints on witnesses' use of certain categories of evidentials, the legal topic originating in textual authority unknown to the lay participants, specific distribution of verb forms by legal genre, and a linguistic “burden” accompanying the legal “burden of proof” in the requirement that the lawyer of the moving party also use and explain technical legal terms to the jury at the same time as he or she presents evidence. All of these factors contribute to the incomprehensibility of legal discourse to lay auditors, resulting in the jury making their decision based on a commonsense script of the events precipitating the trial.The study concludes by arguing for a Foucauldian discourse analysis of institutional languages, a social theory powerful enough to account for the power and tenacity of these languages, where traditional linguistic explanation has failed.

Author : Patrizia Anesa,Aurora Fragonara
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2021-05-08
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783030700911

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Discourse Processes between Reason and Emotion by Patrizia Anesa,Aurora Fragonara Pdf

This book addresses different forms of discourse by analysing the emergence of power dynamics in communication and their importance in shaping the production and reception of messages. The chapters focus on specific cognitive aspects, such as the verbal expression of reasoning or emotions, as well as on linguistic and discursive processes. The interaction between reasoning, feelings, and emotions is described in relation to several fields of discourse where power dynamics may emerge and includes, among others, political, media, and academic discourse. This volume aims to include representative instances of this heterogeneity and is deeply rooted, both theoretically and methodologically, in the acknowledgment that the investigation of the complex interaction between reason and emotion in discursive productions cannot be exempt from the adoption of a multi-disciplinary perspective. By providing a critical reflection of their methodological decisions, and describing the implications of their research projects, the contributors offer insights which are relevant for students, researchers, and practitioners operating in the broad field of discourse studies.

Author : Arthur C. Graesser,Morton Ann Gernsbacher,Susan R. Goldman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 563 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2003-04-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781135659271

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Handbook of Discourse Processes by Arthur C. Graesser,Morton Ann Gernsbacher,Susan R. Goldman Pdf

This Handbook is a comprehensive overview of the multidisciplinary field of discourse processes. The editors hope to foster a more interdisciplinary approach to discourse processing with this Handbook, while simultaneously developing an appreciation within the field for multiple methods of establishing rigorous scientific claims. The field of discourse processes is currently fueled by seven dominant approaches: * discourse psychology; * corpus analysis; * computational discourse; * discourse technologies; * conversation analysis; * hybrid qualitative and quantitative approaches; and * cultural foundations. The contributors also discuss future trends in research, including corpus analyses, the integration of neuroscience with discourse research, and the development of more advanced computer technologies for analyzing discourse.

Author : Dana L. Zeidler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2007-04-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402049965

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The Role of Moral Reasoning on Socioscientific Issues and Discourse in Science Education by Dana L. Zeidler Pdf

This is the first book to address moral reasoning and socioscientific discourse. It provides a theoretical framework to reconsider what a "functional view" of scientific literacy entails, by examining how nature of science issues, classroom discourse issues, cultural issues, and science-technology-society-environment case-based issues contribute to habits of mind about socioscientific content. The text covers philosophical, psychological and pedagogical considerations underpinning moral reasoning, as well as the status of socioscientific issues in science education.