Chemical Instabilities

Author : G. Nicolis,F. Baras
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400972544

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Chemical Instabilities by G. Nicolis,F. Baras Pdf

On March 14-18, 1983 a workshop on "Chemical Instabilities: Applications in Chemistry, Engineering, Geology, and Materials Science" was held in Austin, Texas, U.S.A. It was organized jointly by the University of Texas at Austin and the Universite Libre de Bruxelles and sponsored qy NATO, NSF, the University of Texas at Austin, the International Solvay Institutes and the Ex xon Corporation. The present Volume includes most of the material of the in vited lectures delivered in the workshop as well as material from some posters, whose content was directly related to the themes of the invited lectures. In ,recent years, problems related to the stability and the nonlinear dynamics of nonequilibrium systems invaded a great num ber of fields ranging from abstract mathematics to biology. One of the most striking aspects of this development is that subjects reputed to be "classical" and "well-established" like chemistry, turned out to give rise to a rich variety of phenomena leading to multiple steady states and hysteresis, oscillatory behavior in time, spatial patterns, or propagating wave fronts. The primary objective of the workshop was to bring together researchers actively engaged in fields in which instabilities and nonlinear phenomena similar to those observed in chemistry are of current and primary concern : chemical engineering (especially surface catalysis), combustion (dynamics of ignition, flame sta bili t;y), interfaces (emulsification, dendritic growth), geology (regularly repeated patterns of mineralization 1n a variety of spabe scales), and materials science (dynamical solidification, behavior of matter under irradiation).

Author : Peter Gray,Stephen K. Scott
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 0198558643

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Chemical Oscillations and Instabilities by Peter Gray,Stephen K. Scott Pdf

Scientists in many fields are now expressing considerable interest in non-linearity and the ideas of oscillations and chaos. Chemical reactions provide perfect examples of these phenomena, as oscillating reactions, explosions, ignition, travelling waves, patterns, quasiperiodicity, and chaosare all features of chemical kinetics.Now available in paperback, this book introduces non-linear phenomena in chemical kinetics using simple model schemes. These models involve chemical feedback, such as chain branching, autocatalysis, and self-heating. The emphasis is on physical and pictorial representation, and on identifying thosegross features which are essential. The experimental conditions under which such behaviour will occur can be predicted using simple mathematical recipes, and these are also included.The first part of the book begins with a discussion of long-lived oscillations for autocatalytic or exothermic reactions in closed vessels. Stationary states, bistability, and oscillations in continuous flow reactors and diffusion cells are then considered. This is followed by chemical wavepropagation and by pattern selection and oscillations. Complex oscillations, quasiperiodicity, and chemical chaos, either forced or spontaneous, are introduced. Part 2 deals with real experimental systems, describing observed experimental behaviour and its interpretation in terms of the underlyingchemical mechanisms or simplified models. The Belousov-Zhabotinskii reactions is discussed in some detail as the most extensively studied system, and the behaviour of important gas phase reactions is presented.

Author : Leif H Skibsted,Jens Risbo,Mogens L Andersen
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 820 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2010-04-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781845699260

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Chemical Deterioration and Physical Instability of Food and Beverages by Leif H Skibsted,Jens Risbo,Mogens L Andersen Pdf

For a food product to be a success in the marketplace it must be stable throughout its shelf-life. Quality deterioration due to chemical changes and alterations in condition due to physical instability are not always recognised, yet can be just as problematic as microbial spoilage. This book provides an authoritative review of key topics in this area. Chapters in part one focus on the chemical reactions which can negatively affect food quality, such as oxidative rancidity, and their measurement. Part two reviews quality deterioration associated with physical changes, such as moisture loss, gain and migration, crystallization and emulsion breakdown. Contributions in the following section outline the likely effects on different foods and beverages, including bakery products, fruit and vegetables, ready-to-eat meals and wine. With contributions from leaders in their fields, Chemical deterioration and physical instability of food and beverages is an essential reference for R&D and QA staff in the food industry and researchers with an interested in this subject. Examines chemical reactions which can negatively affect food quality and measurement Reviews quality deterioration associated with physical changes such as moisture loss, gain and migration, and crystallization Documents deterioration in specific food and beverage products including bakery products, frozen foods and wine

Author : Kenneth A. Connors,Gordon L. Amidon,Valentino J. Stella
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 884 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1986-10-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 047187955X

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Chemical Stability of Pharmaceuticals by Kenneth A. Connors,Gordon L. Amidon,Valentino J. Stella Pdf

Provides a sound theoretical basis for understanding chemical kinetics and its uses in studying drug stability. Treats the calculations, approximations, and estimates that are useful to the pharmacist in professional practice, and presents a collection of selected drug-stability data from the pharmaceutical literature. This Handbook makes accessible to the pharmacist much of the information necessary to make pharmaceutical decisions about drug stability. Changes in this edition include thorough revision of the chapter on oxidation, addition of a new chapter on solid-state stability, and a tripling of the number of stability monographs. All monographs figures have been redrawn, most of them from published data, and all sources are cited.

Author : Pierre Borckmans,Patrick de Kepper,Alexei R. Khokhlov,S. Métens
Publisher : Springer
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2009-07-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048129935

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Chemomechanical Instabilities in Responsive Materials by Pierre Borckmans,Patrick de Kepper,Alexei R. Khokhlov,S. Métens Pdf

The present volume includes most of the material of the invited lectures delivered at the NATO Advanced Study Institute “Morphogenesis through the interplay of nonlinear chemical instabilities and elastic active media” held from 2th to 14th July 2007 at the Institut d’Etudes Scientifiques de Cargèse (http://www.iesc.univ-corse.fr/), in Corsica (France). This traditional place to organize Summer Schools and Workshops in a well equipped secluded location at the border of the Mediterranean sea has, over many years now, earned an increasing deserved reputation. Non-linear dynamics of non equilibrium systems has worked its way into a great number of fields and plays a key role in the understanding of se- organization and emergence phenomena in domains as diverse as chemical reactors, laser physics, fluid dynamics, electronic devices and biological morphogenesis. In the latter case, the viscoelastic properties of tissues are also known to play a key role. The control and formulation of soft responsive or “smart” materials has been a fast growing field of material science, specially in the area of po- mer networks, due to their growing applications in bio-science, chemical sensors, intelligent microfluidic devices, ... . Nature is an important p- vider of active materials whether at the level of tissues or at that of s- cellular structures. As a consequence, the fundamental understanding of the physical mechanisms at play in responsive materials also shines light in the understanding of biological artefacts.

Author : D. Walgraef,N.M. Ghoniem
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789400905931

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Patterns, Defects and Materials Instabilities by D. Walgraef,N.M. Ghoniem Pdf

Understanding the origin of spatio-temporal order in open systems far from thermal equilibrium and the selection mechanisms of spatial struc tures and their symmetries is a major theme of present day research into the structures of continuous matter. The development of methods for pro ducing spatially ordered microstructures in solids by non-equilibrium methods opens the door to many technological applications. It is also be lieved that the key to laminar/turbulence transitions in fluids lies in the achievement of spatio-temporal order. Let us also emphasize the fact that the idea of self-organization in it self is at the origin of a reconceptualisation of science. Indeed, the appear ance of order which usually has been associated with equilibrium phase transitions appears to be characteristic of systems far from thermal equi librium. This phenomenon which was considered exceptional at first now the rule in driven systems. The chemical oscillations obtained appears to be in the Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction were initially considered to be ther modynamically impossible and were rejected by a large number of chemists. Now these oscillations and related phenomena (waves, chaos, etc. ) are the subject of intensive research and new classes of chemical oscil lators have been recently discovered. Even living organisms have long been considered as the result of chance rather than necessity. Such points of view are now abandoned under the overwhelming influence of spatio-tem poral organization phenomena in various domains ranging from physics to biology via chemistry, nonlinear optics, and materials science .

Author : E. Tirapegui,Danilo Villarroel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9789400937833

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Instabilities and Nonequilibrium Structures by E. Tirapegui,Danilo Villarroel Pdf

Approach your problems from the right end It isn't that they can't see the solution. It is and begin with the answers. Then one day, that they can't see the problem. perbaps you will find the final question. G. K. Chesterton. The Scandal of Father 'The Hermit Clad in Crane Feathers' in R. Brown 'The point of a Pin'. van GuIik's The Chinese Maze Murders. Growing specialization and diversification have brought a host of monographs and textbooks on increasingly specialized topics. However, the "tree" of knowledge of mathematics and related fields does not grow only by putting forth new branches. It also happens, quite often in fact, that branches which were thought to be completely disparate are suddenly seen to be related. Further, the kind and level of sophistication of mathematics applied in various sciences has changed drastically in recent years: measure theory is used (non-trivially) in regional and theoretical economics; algebraic geometry interacts with physics; the Minkowsky lemma, coding theory and the structure of water meet one another in packing and covering theory; quantum fields, crystal defects and mathematical programming profit from homotopy theory; Lie algebras are relevant to filtering; and prediction and electrical engineering can use Stein spaces. And in addition to this there are such new emerging subdisciplines as "experimental mathematics", "CFD", "completely integrable systems", "chaos, synergetics and large-scale order", which are almost impossible to fit into the existing classification schemes. They draw upon widely different sections of mathematics.

Author : E. Tirapegui,Danilo Villarroel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9789400923058

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Instabilities and Nonequilibrium Structures II by E. Tirapegui,Danilo Villarroel Pdf

We present here a selection of the seminars given at the Second International Workshop on Instabilities and Nonequilibrium Structures in Valparaiso, Chile, in December 1987. The Workshop was organized by Facultad de Ciencias Fisicas y Matematicas of Universidad de Chile and by Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria where it took place. This periodic meeting takes place every two years in Chile and aims to contribute to the efforts of Latin America towards the development of scientific research. This development is certainly a necessary condition for progress in our countries and we thank our lecturers for their warm collaboration to fulfill this need. We are also very much indebted to the Chilean Academy of Sciences for sponsoring officially this Workshop. We thank also our sponsors and supporters for their valuable help, and most especially the Scientific Cooperation Program of France, UNESCO, Ministerio de Educaci6n of Chile and Fundaci6n Andes. We are grateful to Professor Michiel Hazewinkel for including this book in his series and to Dr. David Larner of Kluwer for his continuous interest and support to this project.

Author : Jinjiang Li,Mary E. Krause,Raymond Tu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2021-02-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030571771

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Protein Instability at Interfaces During Drug Product Development by Jinjiang Li,Mary E. Krause,Raymond Tu Pdf

Proteins are exposed to various interfacial stresses during drug product development. They are subjected to air-liquid, liquid-solid, and, sometimes, liquid-liquid interfaces throughout the development cycle-from manufacturing of drug substances to storage and drug delivery. Unlike small molecule drugs, proteins are typically unstable at interfaces where, on adsorption, they often denature and form aggregates, resulting in loss of efficacy and potential immunogenicity. This book covers both the fundamental aspects of proteins at interfaces and the quantification of interfacial behaviors of proteins. Importantly, this book introduces the industrial aspects of protein instabilities at interfaces, including the processes that introduce new interfaces, evaluation of interfacial instabilities, and mitigation strategies. The audience that this book targets encompasses scientists in the pharmaceutical and biotech industry, as well as faculty and students from academia in the surface science, pharmaceutical, and medicinal chemistry areas.

Author : Ruf, Fabian
Publisher : KIT Scientific Publishing
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783731510161

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Excitonic Effects and Bandgap Instabilities in Perovskite Solar Cells by Ruf, Fabian Pdf

Perovskite solar cells are the new hope of next-generation photovoltaic concepts for sustainable energy generation. Regarding their favorable optoelectronic properties, bound electron-hole pairs (so-called excitons) play a significant role and are thoroughly investigated utilizing various spectroscopic methods. Moreover, bandgap instabilities caused by segregation effects in mixed perovskites are analyzed in detail using electroreflectance spectroscopy and structural characterization techniques.

Author : Ioannis Stefanou,Jean Sulem
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-05-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781789450002

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Instabilities Modeling in Geomechanics by Ioannis Stefanou,Jean Sulem Pdf

Instabilities Modeling in Geomechanics describes complex mechanisms which are frequently met in earthquake nucleation, geothermal energy production, nuclear waste disposal and CO2 sequestration. These mechanisms involve systems of non-linear differential equations that express the evolution of the geosystem (e.g. strain localization, temperature runaway, pore pressure build-up, etc.) at different length and time scales. In order to study the evolution of a system and possible instabilities, it is essential to know the mathematical properties of the governing equations. Therefore, questions of the existence, uniqueness and stability of solutions naturally arise. This book particularly explores bifurcation theory and stability analysis, which are robust and rigorous mathematical tools that allow us to study the behavior of complex geosystems, without even explicitly solving the governing equations. The contents are organized into 10 chapters which illustrate the application of these methods in various fields of geomechanics.

Author : G Nicolis,F Baras
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1983-12-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9400972555

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Chemical Instabilities by G Nicolis,F Baras Pdf

Author : Peter Gray,Stephen K. Scott
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Nonlinear theories
ISBN : 1383028613

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Chemical Oscillations and Instabilities by Peter Gray,Stephen K. Scott Pdf

Scientists in many fields are now expressing considerable interest in non-linearity and the ideas of oscillations and chaos. This book introduces non-linear phenomena in chemical kinetics using simple model schemes.

Author : Tapan Sengupta,Thierry Poinsot
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2010-04-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783709101278

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Instabilities of Flows: With and Without Heat Transfer and Chemical Reaction by Tapan Sengupta,Thierry Poinsot Pdf

The articles in the book treat flow instability and transition starting with classical material dealt with in an innovative and rigorous way, some newer physical mechanisms explained for the first time and finally with the very complex topic of bombustion and two-phase flow instabilities.

Author : L. E. Reichl,W. C. Schieve
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1982-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780292741577

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Instabilities, Bifurcations, and Fluctuations in Chemical Systems by L. E. Reichl,W. C. Schieve Pdf

Twentieth-century research in the field of chemical pattern formation saw extraordinary progress due to the pathbreaking contributions of Nobel laureate Ilya Prigogine and his co-workers. Evidence exists that the dissipative structures studied by Prigogine and his colleagues may play a dominant role in the processes of self-organization of biological systems, the fundamental phenomena that govern all life forms. Brought together in this valuable volume are topical papers from the this research. Important aspects of nonlinear chemical pattern formation—dissipative structures—in chemical, biochemical, and geological systems are surveyed by leading scientists in the field of nonlinear chemistry. Topics covered include experimental observations of pattern formation in a variety of systems, bifurcation theory and analysis of nonlinear chemical rate equations, and the stochastic theory of nonlinear chemical reactions. Of particular interest are the studies of the effects of electric fields on the determination of nonequilibrium states of chemical systems.