Chemistry And Technology Of Natural And Synthetic Dyes And Pigments
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Chemistry and Technology of Natural and Synthetic Dyes and Pigments by Ashis Kumar Samanta,Nasser Awwad,Hamed Majdooa Algarni Pdf
This book on ‘Chemistry and Technology of Natural and Synthetic Dyes and Pigments’ is a priority publication by IntechOpen publisher and it relates to sustainable approaches towards green chemical processing of textiles, specifically on dyeing with natural dyes and pigments as well as dyeing with eco-safe synthetic dyes and chemicals. This book includes the following chapters: an introductory editorial chapter on bio-mordants, bio-dyes and bio-finishes, a review of natural dyes and pigments and its application, pantone-like shade generation with natural colorants, colour-based natural dyes and pigments, printing with natural dyes and pigments, functional property and functional finishes with natural dyes and pigments, eco-safe synthetic dyes and chemicals, and a miscellaneous review on dyed textiles and clothing including natural dye-based herbal textiles.This new book is expected to be useful for dyers of the textile industry as well as to the future researchers in this field.
Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments by Abraham Reife,Harold S. Freeman Pdf
In the last two decades the EPA and other national andinternational agencies have placed increasingly strict regulationson the manufacture and use of synthetic colorants. The pigment anddye industry has had to develop the technology necessary to analyzeand remediate pollutants in wastewater. Although these efforts haveproduced a considerable volume of information, until now, no singlebook has provided an organized, comprehensive treatment of theenvironmental chemistry of synthetic colorants. Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments is the firstcomprehensive reference to address the environmental problems posedby synthetic colorants, and to provide a forum for the solutionsproposed by industry, government, and academia. Focusing ondevelopments in the field over the past two decades, it deals withall aspects of colored wastewater treatment, the disposal of dyes,analytical methods, toxicity, and regulatory questions. In its coverage of wastewater treatment, this book addresses boththe most commonly used methods and those specifically designed toaddress pollution problems at the source by analyzing for andremoving dyes and pollutants from wastewater effluent. Throughout,real-world data on a wide variety of dyes and dye intermediates isprovided, as well as cost-effective strategies for dealing withwastewater treatment. In addition, several chapters are devoted to the perspectives ofnational and international experts on regulations governing themanufacture, handling, use, and disposal of synthetic dyes andpigments. The impact these regulations have had on both U.S. andforeign industry is also discussed. A complete, comprehensive, and up-to-date guide to pollutionprevention in the dyestuff and textile industries Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments is the onlyself-contained volume that focuses on the environmental impact ofsynthetic dyes and pigments. Contributions by international expertsfrom industry, academia, and government make this an indispensablebook for anyone dealing with the environmental problems posed bysynthetic colorants. It covers the entire range of environmentalissues, from waste treatment and analysis to pollution preventionand government regulations. Covers the latest wastewater treatment methods Shows how to use recycling and reusing methods effectively, whilecutting production costs Describes state-of-the-art technology, including the PACT(r)system Explains analysis techniques, including spectrometry andionization Covers legislative issues and the regulatory status of variouscompounds in both the United States and abroad Examines the various pollution prevention programs instituted bygovernment and industry Bridging the gap between industrial interests and environmentalconcerns, Environmental Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments stands as aninvaluable resource for scientists, researchers, and engineers inthe textile and dyestuff industries, and in the environmentalsciences. It is also an extremely useful text for environmentalscience students.
Dyes and pigments have been utilized since ancient times. They play an important role in everyday life and their use is interwoven with human culture. Even though numerous dyes and pigments have been synthesized to date, and a lot of knowledge has been gained regarding their production and properties, scientific research is pushing the boundaries towards novel dyes and pigments for high-tech applications. At the same time, the accumulation of dyes and pigments in natural environments and pollution of water resources due to their massive use are important consequences to consider. New methods for the degradation and removal of dyes and pigments from affected areas are highly sought after. As such, this book examines new trends in smart and functional dyes and pigments and their uses as well as novel treatment approaches to dye and pigment waste.
Renewable Dyes and Pigments by Shahid Ul Islam Pdf
Renewable Dyes and Pigments takes an interdisciplinary approach to bridging the gap between established knowledge of traditional natural dyes and pigments and their emerging aspects in various rapidly growing industrial sectors. Research into new natural dye and pigment sources along with the discovery of sophisticated instrumentation and technology for their processing, characterization, and applications has greatly assisted in widening their scope in various advanced application disciplines is covered, along with information on a number of synthetic dyes and their detrimental effects on the environment and associated allergic, toxic, carcinogenic, and harmful responses. Amidst growing environmental and health concerns, eco-friendly, non-toxic dyes and pigments from renewable materials have re-emerged as a potential viable, sustainable option as an alternative or co-partner to synthetic compounds. This book covers a wide range of topics related to the chemistry and applications of natural dyes and pigments, with an emphasis on recent technological developments in textile dyeing, the food sector and the use of natural pigments in dye-sensitized solar cells, and more. Covers sources, chemistry and processing of dyes and pigments from renewable sources using advanced techniques Summarizes technological developments in textile dyeing and their potential applications in other demanding sectors Examines and discusses the future of renewable dyes and pigments and outlines the major challenges in creating products and materials for textile, food and DSSC applications
Dyes and Pigments by Ahmet Gürses,Metin Açıkyıldız,Kübra Güneş,M. Sadi Gürses Pdf
In this book the authors go back to basics to describe the structural differences between dyes and pigments, their mechanisms of action, properties and applications. They set the scene by explaining the reasons behind these differences and show how dyes are predominately organic compounds that dissolve or react with substrates, whereas pigments are (predominantly) finely ground inorganic substances that are insoluble and therefore have a different mode of coloring. They also describe the role of functional groups and their effect on dyeing ability, contrasting this with the way in which pigments cause surface reflection (or light absorption) depending on their chemical and crystalline structure and relative particle size. The book explores the environmental impact of dyes in a section that covers the physical, chemical, toxicological, and ecological properties of dyes and how these are used to assess their effect on the environment and to estimate whether a given product presents a potential hazard. Lastly, it assesses how, in addition to their traditional uses in the textile, leather, paper, paint and varnish industries, dyes and pigments are indispensable in other fields such as microelectronics, medical diagnostics, and in information recording techniques.
In the ten years since publication of the second edition of Heinrich Zollinger's "Color Chemistry", significant trends in colorant research and application have become important. Particular emphasis is given to the discussion of the synthesis, properties, and application of pigments.
Colorants for Non-Textile Applications by H.S. Freeman,A.T. Peters Pdf
This volume examines the chemistry of natural and synthetic dyes produced for non-textile markets, where much new basic research in color chemistry is now taking place.The first group of chapters covers the design, synthesis, properties and application technology pertaining to dyes for digital printing and photography. The reader will be pleased with the breadth and depth of information presented in each case. Of particular interest is the discussion of strategies for the design of dyes in these categories, with emphasis on enhancing technical properties. In view of certain new developments, the ink-jet chapter includes results from studies pertaining to dyes for textiles.The three chapters comprising Section II of this volume cover the broad subject of dyes for food, drug and cosmetic applications and then provide an in-depth look at dyes for biomedical applications and molecular recognition. The chapter on dyes for molecular recognition places emphasis on applications in the biological sciences, including sensory materials and artificial receptors. While the former two topics have been covered elsewhere in the past, the present chapters are unequalled in scope.Section III provides an in-depth review of the design of laser dyes and dye-based functional materials. In the first of the two chapters, the major principles of laser operation are summarized. This is followed by a discussion of spectroscopic properties, such as activation and deactivation of absorbed light by laser dyes. Approaches to the development of new laser dyes are presented. The second chapter pertains to the synthesis of dicyanopyrazine-based multifunctional dyes. The visible and fluorescence spectra of these dyes in solution and the solid state are correlated with their three-dimensional molecular structures. Molecular stacking behavior and solid state properties of these "multifunctional" dye materials are presented.The final group of chapters pertains to natural dyes and dyes for natural substrates. In recent years, the impression among certain consumers that "natural" is better/safer has generated much interest in the use of natural dyes rather than synthetics. This has led to a few short discussion papers in which the environmental advantages to using natural dyes have been questioned. The initial chapter in this group provides both a historical look at natural dyes and a comprehensive compilation of natural dye structures and their sources. Though natural dyes are of interest as colorants for textiles, selected ones are used primarily in food and cosmetics.Chapter ten provides an update on the author's previous reviews of structure-color-relationships among precursors employed in the coloration of hair. Chemical constitutions characterizing hair dye structures are presented, along with a summary of available precursors and their environmental properties. Similarly, the chapter on leather dyes covers constitutions and nomenclature, in addition to providing interesting perspectives on the origin and use of leather, the dyeing of leather, and key environmental issues.This volume is concluded with another look at colors in nature. In this case, rather than revisiting colors in plant life, an interesting chapter dealing with color in the absence of colorants is presented. Chapter twelve covers basic concepts of color science and illustrates how 3-D assemblies leading to a plethora of colors are handled in nature. It is our hope that this atypical "color chemistry" chapter will invoke ideas that lead to the design of useful colorants.The chapters presented in this volume demonstrate that color chemistry still has much to offer individuals with inquiring minds who are searching for a career path. This work highlights the creativity of today's color chemists and the wide variety of interesting non-textile areas from which a career can be launched.
Natural Dyes : Scope and Challenges by M. Daniel,S.D. Bhattacharya,Arun Arya,Vinay M. Raole Pdf
Natural Dyes : Scope and challenges is a comprehensive, thoroughly scientific, single source reference book on natural dye stuffs and dyeing. This book provides a detailed chemistry of all the available natural dyes and also of the food colors. Analytical methods including extraction, identification and estimation of the chemical components of these dyes, which will help in the production of quality dyes, are discussed. The applications of these dyes in pharmaceuticals, herbal cosmetics, paints and paintings also are explained. The challenges lying ahead due to the greater demand resulted from the ever-increasing acceptance and demand of these dyes and their solutions are discussed. Substitute sources, new chromophores, bioactivities including antioxidant potential and antimicrobial properties of the plant-derived dyes also are dovetailed. This book will serve as a reference book for students, teachers and workers of Textile dyeing, Textile chemistry, Clothing and textiles, Plant Sciences, Pharmacy and Fine Arts. It will also of great use for NGOs and farmers who would be interested in value-addition of their trees, commercial manufacturers of natural dyes and even to a layman interested in natural colors. D. Rathi
The Complete book on Natural Dyes & Pigments by NIIR Board of Consultants & Engineers Pdf
Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals. The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources. Dyeing is the process of imparting colors to a textile material. Different classes of dyes are used for different types of fiber and at different stages of the textile production process, from loose fibers through yarn and cloth to completed garments. There are technologies that manufacture the pigments for plastics, rubber and cosmetics. Therefore; dyes and pigments have a vast area of applications and have a huge demand in industry. Contrary to popular opinion, natural dyes are often neither safer nor more ecologically sound than synthetic dyes. They are less permanent, more difficult to apply, wash out more easily, and often involve the use of highly toxic mordant. Of course, the colour possibilities are far more limited; the color of any natural dye may be easily copied by mixing synthetic dyes, but many other colors are not easily obtained with natural dyes. However, some mordant are not very toxic, and the idea of natural dyestuffs is aesthetically pleasing. Applying natural dyes in your fabric production using enzymes will reduce your production cost and improve control. There are various kind of natural dyes; quinonoid dyes, cyanine dyes, azo dyes, biflvonyl dyes, omochromes, anthraquinone, coprosma gesus etc. The use of natural dyes in cloth making can be seen as a necessary luxury to trigger off a change in habits. Dyes which stand out for their beauty and ecological attributes would never be employed on just any material but on noble fabrics such as wool, silk, linen or cotton, made to last more than one season. Market value will benefit from consumer preferences for environmentally friendly products, which will support consumption of high performance dyes and organic pigments. This book basically deals with the use of carotenoids as food colours , bianthraquinones and related compounds, intermediate degradation products of biflavonyls, dyestuffs containing nuclear sulphonic and carboxylic acid groups, quinonoid dyes, cyanine dyes, optical whitening agents, natural dyes for food, stability of natural colourants in foods effect of additives, pyrimidine pigments, the total synthesis of the polyene pigments, red pigment from geniposidic acid and amino compound, effect of acid and amine on the formation of red pigment from geniposidic acid, effect of the substituted position of amino group and chain length of amino compound etc. Due to pollution problems in synthetic dyes and pigments industry, the whole world is shifting towards the manufacturing of natural dyes and pigments. The present book contains techniques of producing different natural dyes and pigments, which has huge demand in domestic as well as in foreign market. It is hoped that entrepreneurs, technocrats, existing units, institutional libraries will find this book very useful. 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Taking a generalized historical viewpoint of the field of chemistry and chemical technology which can be broadly defined as colour chemistry, it could be concluded that at least four distinct developments have made a significant impact on the progression and expansion of this subject area. The initiation was, of course, the discovery of the first synthetic dye, mauveine, by W. H. Perkin in 1856. This historic event ultimately resulted in the commercial development of a vast range of synthetic colorants both for textile and non-textile applications, and which possessed a more favourable cost versus benefit ratio compared to the hitherto used naturally occurring colorants. The second factor was the development over the years of synthetic fibres, an innovation which led to vigorous new research and the addition of the disperse dyes and improved cationic dyes to the extensive volume of synthetic dyestuffs enjoying successful industrial exploitation. The introduction of the fibre reactive dyes, whilst presenting innovative ideas in both the chemistry and application of colorants, may be considered as a natural development from the first event. The third development can be related to the recognition of the potential adverse effects of certain synthetic dye intermediates on human health.
Liquid Chromatography of Natural Pigments and Synthetic Dyes by Tibor Cserháti Pdf
This latest volume in the series entitled Liquid Chromatography of Natural Pigments and Synthetic Dyes presents an overview of the latest developments in the field while critically evaluating this method of analysis and providing comparisons of the various liquid chromatographic separation techniques that are currently available. Natural pigments and synthetic dyes are extensively used in various fields of everyday life including food production, textile industry, paper production, agricultural practice and research and water science and technology. Besides their capacity for increasing the marketability of products, natural pigments have shown advantageous biological activity as antioxidants and anticancer agents. On the negative side, synthetic pigments have a significant impact on the environment and can cause adverse toxicological side effects. Both pigment classes exhibit considerable structural diversity. As the stability of the pigments against hydrolysis, oxidation and other environmental and technological conditions is markedly different, the exact determination of the pigment composition may help for the prediction of the shelf-life of products and the assessment of the influence of technological steps on the pigment fractions resulting in more consumer friend processing methods. Furthermore, the qualitative determination and identification of the pigments may contribute to the establishment of the provenance of the product. The unique separation capacity of liquid chromatographic (LC) techniques makes it a method of preference for the analysis of pigments in any complicated accompanying matrices. * an overview of the latest developments in the field * a critical evaluation of results from this form of analysis * a comparison of the various LC (liquid chromatographic) separation techniques * future trends in the LC analysis of pigments
