China And Strategic Culture

Author : Alastair Iain Johnston
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-05-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691213149

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Cultural Realism by Alastair Iain Johnston Pdf

Cultural Realism is an in-depth study of premodern Chinese strategic thought that has important implications for contemporary international relations theory. In applying a Western theoretical debate to China, Iain Johnston advances rigorous procedures for testing for the existence and influence of "strategic culture." Johnston sets out to answer two empirical questions. Is there a substantively consistent and temporally persistent Chinese strategic culture? If so, to what extent has it influenced China's approaches to security? The focus of his study is the Ming dynasty's grand strategy against the Mongols (1368-1644). First Johnston examines ancient military texts as sources of Chinese strategic culture, using cognitive mapping, symbolic analysis and congruence tests to determine whether there is a consistent grand strategic preference ranking across texts that constitutes a single strategic culture. Then he applies similar techniques to determine the effect of the strategic culture on the strategic preferences of the Ming decision makers. Finally, he assesses the effect of these preferences on Ming policies towards the Mongol "threat." The findings of this book challenge dominant interpretations of traditional Chinese strategic thought. They suggest also that the roots of realpolitik are ideational and not predominantly structural. The results lead to the surprising conclusion that there may be, in fact, fewer cross-national differences in strategic culture than proponents of the "strategic culture" approach think.

Author : Huiyun Feng
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2007-06-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134113729

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Chinese Strategic Culture and Foreign Policy Decision-Making by Huiyun Feng Pdf

Examining the major academic and policy debates over China’s rise and related policy issues, this book looks into the motivations and intentions of a rising China. Most of the scholarly works on China’s rise approach the question at a structural level by looking at the international system and the systemic impact on China’s foreign policy. Traditional Realist theorists define China as a revisionist power eager to address wrongs done to them in history, whilst some cultural and historical analyses attest that China’s strategic culture has been offensive despite its weak material capability. Huiyun Feng’s path-breaking contribution to the debate tests these rival hypotheses by examining systematically the beliefs of contemporary Chinese leaders and their strategic interactions with other states since 1949 when the communist regime came to power. The focus is on tracing the historical roots of Chinese strategic culture and its links to the decision-making of six key Chinese leaders via their belief systems. Chinese Strategic Culture will be of interest to students of Chinese politics, foreign policy, strategic theory and international relations in general.

Author : Andrew Scobell,Strategic Studies Institute
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-09
Category : Education
ISBN : 1312342099

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China and Strategic Culture by Andrew Scobell,Strategic Studies Institute Pdf

Culture influences the way strategists in a particular country think about matters of war and peace. Culture is especially influential in a country like China, with an ancient civilization and strategic tradition dating back thousands of years. The author of this monograph, Dr. Andrew Scobell, examines the impact of strategic culture on 21st century China. He contends that the People

Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781428910867

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China and Strategic Culture by Anonim Pdf

Author : Kenneth D. Johnson
Publisher : Strategic Studies Institute
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781584873938

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China's Strategic Culture by Kenneth D. Johnson Pdf

For the past 2 decades, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has made great gains in national development and economic growth and now stands as one of the most important states on the world scene. It is extremely important for U.S. policymakers to have a contextual understanding of what shapes Chinese thought and behavior thus driving Chinese political, economic, and military imperatives. With much of the American public accepting the "China Threat" theory, it is critical that the United States recognize the role of strategic culture in shaping China's domestic and external policies. This paper illustrates the key characteristics of Chinese strategic culture-philosophy, history, and domestic factors that, to a remarkable extent, structure the strategic objectives of China's formal foreign policy and explain how Chinese strategic interests are defined by modern Chinese pragmatic nationalism, its drive for modernization, and the desire for China to have a more prominent role in the Asian and world communities. A concluding analysis of the implications of Chinese strategic culture offer recommendations for U.S. national security policy.

Author : Huiyun Feng
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2007-06-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134113712

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Chinese Strategic Culture and Foreign Policy Decision-Making by Huiyun Feng Pdf

Examining the major academic and policy debates over China’s rise and related policy issues, this book looks into the motivations and intentions of a rising China. Most of the scholarly works on China’s rise approach the question at a structural level by looking at the international system and the systemic impact on China’s foreign policy. Traditional Realist theorists define China as a revisionist power eager to address wrongs done to them in history, whilst some cultural and historical analyses attest that China’s strategic culture has been offensive despite its weak material capability. Huiyun Feng’s path-breaking contribution to the debate tests these rival hypotheses by examining systematically the beliefs of contemporary Chinese leaders and their strategic interactions with other states since 1949 when the communist regime came to power. The focus is on tracing the historical roots of Chinese strategic culture and its links to the decision-making of six key Chinese leaders via their belief systems. Chinese Strategic Culture will be of interest to students of Chinese politics, foreign policy, strategic theory and international relations in general.

Author : Andrew Scobell
Publisher : Strategic Studies Institute U. S. Army War College
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UIUC:30112074581213

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China and Strategic Culture by Andrew Scobell Pdf

The author examines the impact of strategic culture on 21st century China. He contends that the People's Republic of China's security policies and its tendency to use military force are influenced not only by elite understandings of China's own strategic tradition, but also by their understandings of the strategic cultures of other states. Gaining a fuller appreciation for how Chinese strategists view the United States and Japan, our key ally in the Asia-Pacific, will better enable us to assess regional and global security issues.

Author : Ashley J. Tellis,Alison Szalwinski,Michael Wills
Publisher : NBR
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781939131461

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Strategic Asia 2016-17 by Ashley J. Tellis,Alison Szalwinski,Michael Wills Pdf

Strategic Asia 2016-17 examines how the region's major powers view international politics and the use of military force. In each chapter, a leading expert analyzes the ideological and historical sources of a country's strategic culture, how strategic culture informs the thinking of the country's policymakers, and how these understandings lead to decisions about the pursuit of strategic objectives and national power.

Author : Shu Guang Zhang
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501738135

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Deterrence and Strategic Culture by Shu Guang Zhang Pdf

Does strategic thinking on the question of deterrence vary between cultures? Should practitioners assume a common understanding of deterrence regardless of national and cultural differences? Shu Guang Zhang takes on these questions by exploring Sino-American confrontations between 1949 and 1958. Zhang draws on recently declassified U.S. documents and previously inaccessible Chinese Communist Party records to demonstrate that the Chinese and the Americans had vastly different assessments of each other's intentions, interests, threats, strengths, and policies during this period.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : China
ISBN : OCLC:469079774

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Cultural Realism by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : China
ISBN : OCLC:469079774

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Cultural Realism by Anonim Pdf

Author : Guiyun Feng
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:488495678

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Chinese Strategic Culture and Foreign Policy Decision-making by Guiyun Feng Pdf

Author : Niv Horesh
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-29
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000289275

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China’s Grand Strategy Under Xi Jinping by Niv Horesh Pdf

This book attempts to identify change and continuity in PRC grand strategy, and the extent to which Chinese imperial history complicates PRC global outreach in the Xi Jinping era. Empires convey the wish to make the world a better place – even in the midst of oppression – and are eschatological in their rhetoric. However, empires that last longer have been more pragmatic in their grand strategy; sometimes appropriating the aura of past golden ages, and at other times learning from the mistakes of their predecessors. To date, Chinese strategic thinkers are preoccupied with learning lessons from the disintegration of the USSR and fascinated by the secrets of American power. Interdisciplinary in its reach, analysing grand strategy through both rhetoric and praxis, this book unpacks the Chinese world view through critical examination of the latest history textbooks currently in use in PRC middle schools. It also brings new evidence to bear on the debate in the West about Chinese strategic culture. Finally, it compares historical Japanese OFDI patterns with China in order to understand what makes the Chinese economy unique. China’s Grand Strategy Under Xi Jinping is aimed towards students and scholars of history, international business and wider Chinese studies.

Author : W. Mott,J. Kim
Publisher : Springer
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2006-04-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781403983138

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The Philosophy of Chinese Military Culture by W. Mott,J. Kim Pdf

Drawing on ancient texts and modern interpretations, this work explores the foundations for war in China's strategic culture Shih, Li and Tao. The work uses Shih theory to explain the anomalies that continue to perplex Euro-American observers in modern China's uses of force.

Author : Yuan-kang Wang
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2010-12-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231522403

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Harmony and War by Yuan-kang Wang Pdf

Confucianism has shaped a certain perception of Chinese security strategy, symbolized by the defensive, nonaggressive Great Wall. Many believe China is antimilitary and reluctant to use force against its enemies. It practices pacifism and refrains from expanding its boundaries, even when nationally strong. In a path-breaking study traversing six centuries of Chinese history, Yuan-kang Wang resoundingly discredits this notion, recasting China as a practitioner of realpolitik and a ruthless purveyor of expansive grand strategies. Leaders of the Song Dynasty (960-1279) and Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) prized military force and shrewdly assessed the capabilities of China's adversaries. They adopted defensive strategies when their country was weak and pursued expansive goals, such as territorial acquisition, enemy destruction, and total military victory, when their country was strong. Despite the dominance of an antimilitarist Confucian culture, warfare was not uncommon in the bulk of Chinese history. Grounding his research in primary Chinese sources, Wang outlines a politics of power that are crucial to understanding China's strategies today, especially its policy of "peaceful development," which, he argues, the nation has adopted mainly because of its military, economic, and technological weakness in relation to the United States.