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Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : China
ISBN : UCSD:31822003457231
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : China
ISBN : UOM:39015010821588
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 668 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : China
ISBN : MINN:31951003077776N
Author : Richard Baum
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019-06-07
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0367021684
With the death of Mao Tse-tung and the subsequent purge of the "Gang of Four," China's new pragmatic leaders have embarked on a crash program of national development known as the Four Modernizations, This program is geared to the primary objective of turning China into a major world economic and military power by the year 2000. In this book, the outgrowth of a major international conference on China's post-Maoist development, ten distinguished analysts examine one of the core issues in China's current modernization drive: the acquisition and use of modern industrial science and technology. The authors address the politics of China's technological modernization, the institutional structure of technological research, the purchase of foreign technology, constraints on technological absorption, the growth potential of China's critical energy sector, and the modernization of China's military establishment. Supplemented with brief commentaries by leading academic, government, and private sector contributors, their chapters provide an in-depth look at the process, problems, and prospects of China's widely heralded technological revolution.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1210 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : China
ISBN : MINN:31951002940975F
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : China
ISBN : MINN:31951D00284908T
Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-17
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1976466954
Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves.The global economic crisis that began in 2008 greatly affected China's economy. China's exports, imports, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows declined, GDP growth slowed, and millions of Chinese workers reportedly lost their jobs. The Chinese government responded by implementing a $586 billion economic stimulus package and loosening monetary policies to increase bank lending. Such policies enabled China to effectively weather the effects of the sharp global fall in demand for Chinese products, but may have contributed to overcapacity in several industries and increased debt by Chinese firms and local government. China's economy has slowed in recent years. Real GDP growth has slowed in each of the past six years, dropping from 10.6% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2016, and is projected to slow to 5.7% by 2022.The Chinese government has attempted to steer the economy to a "new normal" of slower, but more stable and sustainable, economic growth. Yet, concerns have deepened in recent years over the health of the Chinese economy. On August 11, 2015, the Chinese government announced that the daily reference rate of the renminbi (RMB) would become more "market-oriented." Over the next three days, the RMB depreciated against the dollar and led to charges that China's goal was to boost exports to help stimulate the economy (which some suspect is in worse shape than indicated by official Chinese economic statistics). Concerns over the state of the Chinese economy appear to have often contributed to volatility in global stock indexes in recent years.The ability of China to maintain a rapidly growing economy in the long run will likely depend largely on the ability of the Chinese government to implement comprehensive economic reforms that more quickly hasten China's transition to a free market economy; rebalance the Chinese economy by making consumer demand, rather than exporting and fixed investment, the main engine of economic growth; boost productivity and innovation; address growing income disparities; and enhance environmental protection. The Chinese government has acknowledged that its current economic growth model needs to be altered and has announced several initiatives to address various economic challenges. In November 2013, the Communist Party of China held the Third Plenum of its 18th Party Congress, which outlined a number of broad policy reforms to boost competition and economic efficiency. For example, the communique stated that the market would now play a "decisive" role in allocating resources in the economy. At the same time, however, the communique emphasized the continued important role of the state sector in China's economy. In addition, many foreign firms have complained that the business climate in China has worsened in recent years. Thus, it remains unclear how committed the Chinese government is to implementing new comprehensive economic reforms.China's economic rise has significant implications for the United States and hence is of major interest to Congress. This report provides background on China's economic rise; describes its current economic structure; identifies the challenges China faces to maintain economic growth; and discusses the challenges, opportunities, and implications of China's economic rise.
Author : R. Coase,N. Wang
Publisher : Springer
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137019370
How China Became Capitalist details the extraordinary, and often unanticipated, journey that China has taken over the past thirty five years in transforming itself from a closed agrarian socialist economy to an indomitable economic force in the international arena. The authors revitalise the debate around the rise of the Chinese economy through the use of primary sources, persuasively arguing that the reforms implemented by the Chinese leaders did not represent a concerted attempt to create a capitalist economy, and that it was 'marginal revolutions' that introduced the market and entrepreneurship back to China. Lessons from the West were guided by the traditional Chinese principle of 'seeking truth from facts'. By turning to capitalism, China re-embraced her own cultural roots. How China Became Capitalist challenges received wisdom about the future of the Chinese economy, warning that while China has enormous potential for further growth, the future is clouded by the government's monopoly of ideas and power. Coase and Wang argue that the development of a market for ideas which has a long and revered tradition in China would be integral in bringing about the Chinese dream of social harmony.
Author : Angang Hu,Yilong Yan,Xiao Tang,Shenglong Liu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789811598333
This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. This book is arranged and developed around the theme of “2050 China,” it analyzes the factors and advantages of the Chinese road to socialist modernization, explores and summarizes the development goal and the basic logic of the socialist modernization of China, and further shows the general basis of the primary stage of socialism. According to the report delivered at the 19th Party Congress, and according to the “two-stage” strategic plan, this book looks ahead in detail to the overarching objective and sub-objectives of essentially achieving socialist modernization by 2035, discusses the building of a great modern socialist country in all respects from the perspective of the Party’s six-sphere integrated plan of economic, political, cultural, social, ecological civilization, and national defense construction, and provides policy proposals. This book also analyzes the influence and the effect of the socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics on the world and it further presents the third centenary goal. In conclusion, this book is an elaboration of the work of the Institute for Contemporary China Studies, Tsinghua University. It reflects the intellectual innovation in the authors’ research on contemporary China, as well as the authors’ foresight and predictions about China’s future development.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Electronic
ISBN : UCAL:B5114229
Author : United States. Department of the Army
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 784 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : China
ISBN : UVA:X001511703
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 788 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Economic geography
ISBN : OSU:32437010526446
Author : June Teufel Dreyer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : China
ISBN : UCSD:31822004187621
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1596 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015065659743
Author : Public Affairs Information Service
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1598 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Economics
ISBN : UCSC:32106020962319