China S Virtual Monopoly Of Rare Earth Elements

Author : Roland Howanietz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351109901

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China's Virtual Monopoly of Rare Earth Elements by Roland Howanietz Pdf

Rare Earth Elements are a group of 17 metals which have a central role in modern industry, increasingly used in the fields of green technologies, high technological consumer goods, industrial and medical appliances and modern weapons systems. Although deposits of Rare Earths are globally dispersed, over 90% of global demand has been provided by Chinese mines since the late 1990s, leading to a situation where China has a virtual monopoly. This book surveys the Rare Earths mining industry, discusses the extent to which Rare Earths really are scarce elsewhere in the world and assesses the economics of production, considering arguments for the rationing of supply, for higher pricing and for a total export embargo. This actually occurred in 2010, demonstrating the vulnerability of the rest of the world to China’s control of these increasingly vital resources.

Author : Roland Howanietz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2018-06-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351109895

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China's Virtual Monopoly of Rare Earth Elements by Roland Howanietz Pdf

Rare Earth Elements are a group of 17 metals which have a central role in modern industry, increasingly used in the fields of green technologies, high technological consumer goods, industrial and medical appliances and modern weapons systems. Although deposits of Rare Earths are globally dispersed, over 90% of global demand has been provided by Chinese mines since the late 1990s, leading to a situation where China has a virtual monopoly. This book surveys the Rare Earths mining industry, discusses the extent to which Rare Earths really are scarce elsewhere in the world and assesses the economics of production, considering arguments for the rationing of supply, for higher pricing and for a total export embargo. This actually occurred in 2010, demonstrating the vulnerability of the rest of the world to China’s control of these increasingly vital resources.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : China
ISBN : UCSD:31822038355608

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China's Monopoly on Rare Earths by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific Pdf

Author : Sophia Kalantzakos
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780190670931

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China and the Geopolitics of Rare Earths by Sophia Kalantzakos Pdf

Resource competition, mineral scarcity, and economic statecraft -- What are rare earths? -- Salt and oil : strategic parallels -- How China came to dominate the rare earth industry

Author : Ryan David Kiggins
Publisher : Springer
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2015-07-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137364241

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The Political Economy of Rare Earth Elements by Ryan David Kiggins Pdf

The contributors argue that rare earths are essential to the information technology revolution on which humans have come to depend for communication, commerce, and, increasingly, engage in conflict. They demonstrate that rare earths are a strategic commodity over which political actors will and do struggle for control.

Author : Marc Humphries
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2010-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781437937985

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Rare Earth Elements by Marc Humphries Pdf

Contents: (1) Intro.; (2) What are Rare Earth Elements (REE)?; (3) Major End Uses and Applications: Demand for REE; The Application of REE in National Defense; (4) Rare Earth Resources and Production Potential; Supply Chain Issues; Role of China; (5) Rare Earth Legislation in the 111th Congress: H.R. 4866, and S. 3521, the Rare Earths Supply-Chain Technology and Resources Transformation Act of 2010; H.R. 5136, the FY 2011 Nat. Defense Authorization Act; P.L. 111-84, the FY 2010 Nat. Defense Authorization Act; (6) Possible Policy Options: Authorize and Appropriate Funding for a USGS Assessment; Support and Encourage Greater Exploration for REE; Challenge China on Its Export Policy; Establish a Stockpile. Illustrations.

Author : Julie Michelle Klinger
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501714610

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Rare Earth Frontiers by Julie Michelle Klinger Pdf

Owing to their unique magnetic, phosphorescent, and catalytic properties, rare earths are the elements that make possible teverything from the miniaturization of electronics, to the enabling of green energy and medical technologies, to supporting essential telecommunications and defense systems. An iPhone uses eight rare earths for everything from its colored screen, to its speakers, to the miniaturization of the phone?s circuitry. On the periodic table rare earth elements comprise a set of seventeen chemical elements (the fifteen lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium). There would be no Pokémon Go without rare earths. Rare Earth Frontiers is a work of human geography. Klinger looks historically and geographically at the ways rare earth elements in three discrete but representative and contested sites are given meaning.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
ISBN : 1536116777

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Rare Earth Elements in the U.S. and China by Anonim Pdf

Author : Grace L K Leung
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-29
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351655019

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Innovative and Creative Industries in Hong Kong by Grace L K Leung Pdf

The experience of Hong Kong’s innovative and creative industries and the challenges they face serves as an important case study for other Chinese and Asian cities that are actively developing their innovative and creative industries in the era of globalization. The return of sovereignty over Hong Kong back to China in 1997 has led to both collaboration and competition between the two places in innovative and creative sectors for the Greater China and Asian Regions. Hong Kong has remained unique in spite of the integration, but she has to strike a delicate balance between being simultaneously a Chinese and an international city. This book looks at different innovative and creative industries, such as international art and culture exhibition, innovative technology, digital entertainment, TV and movies, as well as government policy for innovative and creative industries, particularly the changing competitive landscape brought about by the latest Great Bay Area development. Drawing insights from cultural history, innovation economics, cultural policy studies, and cultural geography, this book explores the opportunities and challenges of Hong Kong's innovative and creative industries, in particular after the change of sovereignty in 1997. It demonstrates that the city’s legacy, and heavy government input in capital, do not guarantee their sustainable development. This is a book not only for policymakers or academics interested in innovative and creative industries but also to students contemplating a career in these areas in Hong Kong, the Greater China and the Asian Region.

Author : Tim Summers
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-19
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781134818396

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China’s Regions in an Era of Globalization by Tim Summers Pdf

The rise of China has been shaped and driven by its engagement with the global economy during a period of intensified globalization, yet China is a continent-sized economy and society with substantial diversity across its different regions. This means that its engagement with the global economy cannot just be understood at the national level, but requires analysis of the differences in participation in the global economy across China’s regions. This book responds to this challenge by looking at the development of China’s regions in this era of globalization. It traces the evolution of regional policy in China and its implications in a global context. Detailed chapters examine the global trajectory of what is now becoming known as the Greater Bay Area in southern China, the globalization of the inland mega-city of Chongqing, and the role of China’s regions in the globally-focused belt and road initiative launched by the Chinese government in late 2013. The book will be of interest to practitioners and scholars engaging with contemporary China’s political economy and international relations.

Author : Akihisa Mori
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351037563

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China’s Climate-Energy Policy by Akihisa Mori Pdf

China’s recent climate-energy policy, an outcome of contemporary challenges, has generated conflict of interest amongst major stakeholders. Coupled with a boost in demand for oil, gas and coal, as well as a rapid growth in wind and solar power, it has not only affected domestic fossil fuel and renewable energy providers, but has also provoked a resource boom, affecting development pathways internationally. This book therefore seeks to examine the economic, social and ecological effects associated with China’s climate-energy policy. Assessing how the policy has been and will be formulated and implemented, it analyses the changing use of energy, CO2 emissions and GDP, as well as social and environmental impacts both domestically and internationally. It presents in-depth case studies on specific policies in China and on its resource exporting countries, such as Indonesia, Australia, Myanmar and Mongolia. At the same time, using quantitative data, it provides detailed input-output and applied computable general equilibrium analyses. Arguing that China has actively advanced its climate-energy policy to become a leader of global climate governance, it demonstrates that China ultimately relocates the cost of its climate-energy policy to resource exporting countries. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of energy, the environment and sustainability, as well as Chinese Studies and economics.

Author : David Dayen
Publisher : The New Press
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-07-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781620975428

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Monopolized by David Dayen Pdf

From the airlines we fly to the food we eat, how a tiny group of corporations have come to dominate every aspect of our lives—by one of our most intrepid and accomplished journalists "If you're looking for a book . . . that will get your heart pumping and your blood boiling and that will remind you why we're in these fights—add this one to your list." —Senator Elizabeth Warren on David Dayen's Chain of Title Over the last forty years our choices have narrowed, our opportunities have shrunk, and our lives have become governed by a handful of very large and very powerful corporations. Today, practically everything we buy, everywhere we shop, and every service we secure comes from a heavily concentrated market. This is a world where four major banks control most of our money, four airlines shuttle most of us around the country, and four major cell phone providers connect most of our communications. If you are sick you can go to one of three main pharmacies to fill your prescription, and if you end up in a hospital almost every accessory to heal you comes from one of a handful of large medical suppliers. Dayen, the editor of the American Prospect and author of the acclaimed Chain of Title, provides a riveting account of what it means to live in this new age of monopoly and how we might resist this corporate hegemony. Through vignettes and vivid case studies Dayen shows how these monopolies have transformed us, inverted us, and truly changed our lives, at the same time providing readers with the raw material to make monopoly a consequential issue in American life and revive a long-dormant antitrust movement.

Author : Jianfa Shen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351389228

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Urbanization, Regional Development and Governance in China by Jianfa Shen Pdf

Rapid urbanization in China in recent decades and the challenges of social and regional integration and governance have been issues of major concern. This book explores the course of urbanization and development in China over recent decades. It considers a range of issues including urbanization, changing urban and regional systems, regional integration and governance. The book pays particular attention to the economic relations between Hong Kong and mainland China and how regional development, integration and governance unfold in the Hong Kong-Pearl River Delta region.

Author : Ngai Fen Cheung,Rosemary Mander
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2018-06-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781351124508

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Midwifery in China by Ngai Fen Cheung,Rosemary Mander Pdf

The first book to present the history, ideas, life and works of Chinese midwives and birth attendants, this volume seeks to encapsulate and explain the changing ideas about the practice of midwifery in China. Using participant observations and interviews, it examines each phase of the development of midwifery in depth. Providing a systematic study of the existing literature and contemporary national health policies, it analyses the factors contributing to the current demise of midwifery in China, such as the absence of national regulation, high standards of education and national midwives’ associations. Furthermore, it argues that China’s national statistics in the past six decades demonstrate clear evidence that minimising maternal mortality rates will only happen through wider availability of services, rather than through obstetric technology or facility based care. Ultimately, therefore this book supports the view that humanity and midwifery will survive to overcome domination by both technology and market forces and that economic growth and medical technology alone will not be sufficient in providing effective healthcare. This book is an indispensable resource for the study of Chinese midwifery, both in theory and in practice. As such it will be useful to students and scholars of Midwifery, Women’s Health, Sociology and culture and society in China.

Author : Jane Nolan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429819520

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Western Bankers in China by Jane Nolan Pdf

When China’s economic reforms were beginning, there was an expectation in the west that China’s financial markets would be opened to western banks and that China’s banks would be reformed along western lines. Joint ventures between Chinese banks and western banks, minority shareholding by western banks and the involvement of western banking personnel in assisting Chinese banks with their reforms were all seen as moves towards reform along western lines. This book analyses the role which western bankers have played in China’s economic reforms, focusing on their influence on institutional change and corporate governance. Based on extensive original research, the book shows that while components of western models of corporate governance have been widely adopted, the motivation for these changes seems to have been legitimacy-seeking by Chinese banks, and that whilst there has been relatively rapid change in the formal legislative environment, informal organisational practices are changing at a much slower pace. Alliances between Chinese and western banks are woven with contradictions and power games and so many actors in the Chinese banking sector seek to resist manipulation by their western counterparts. The financial crisis weakened the idea that western banks are a universally correct model and strengthened China’s resolve to keep control of its banking sector and manage it along Chinese lines.