Chromosome Manipulations And Plant Genetics

Author : Pilar Prieto
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783036500249

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Chromosome Manipulation for Plant Breeding Purposes by Pilar Prieto Pdf

The ability to exploit the potential of wild relatives carrying beneficial traits is a major goal in breeding programs. However, it relies on the possibility of the chromosomes from the crop and wild species in interspecific crosses to recognize, associate, and undergo crossover formation during meiosis, the cellular process responsible for producing gametes with half the genetic content of their parent cells. Unfortunately, in most cases, a barrier exists preventing successful hybridization between the wild and crop chromosomes. Understanding the mechanisms controlling chromosome associations during meiosis are of great interest in plant breeding and will allow chromosome manipulation to introduce genetic variability from related species into a crop. In addition to interspecific hybrids, other materials, such as natural and synthetic polyploids and introgression lines derived from allopolyploids, among others, are powerful tools in the framework of plant breeding. For example, an extra pair of alien chromosomes in the full genome complement of a crop species has been frequently used as a first step to access genetic variation from the secondary gene pool in breeding programs. In addition, such introgression lines are also pivotal in the study of interspecific genetic interactions, in the chromosomal location of genetic markers, and in the study of chromosome structure and behavior in somatic and meiotic cells. Contained in this Special Issue are accounts of original research, including new tools to identify chromosome introgressions and the development and characterization of introgression lines and interspecific hybrids carrying desirable agronomic traits for plant breeding purposes. Also included are reviews about the chromosome engineering of tropical cash crops and the effect of chromosome structure on chromosome associations and recombination during meiosis to allow chromosome manipulation in the framework of plant breeding.

Author : Ralph Riley,Kenneth Roderick Lewis
Publisher : Springer
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781489965615

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Chromosome Manipulations and Plant Genetics by Ralph Riley,Kenneth Roderick Lewis Pdf

Author : Pilar Prieto
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3036500251

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Chromosome Manipulation for Plant Breeding Purposes by Pilar Prieto Pdf

The ability to exploit the potential of wild relatives carrying beneficial traits is a major goal in breeding programs. However, it relies on the possibility of the chromosomes from the crop and wild species in interspecific crosses to recognize, associate, and undergo crossover formation during meiosis, the cellular process responsible for producing gametes with half the genetic content of their parent cells. Unfortunately, in most cases, a barrier exists preventing successful hybridization between the wild and crop chromosomes. Understanding the mechanisms controlling chromosome associations during meiosis are of great interest in plant breeding and will allow chromosome manipulation to introduce genetic variability from related species into a crop. In addition to interspecific hybrids, other materials, such as natural and synthetic polyploids and introgression lines derived from allopolyploids, among others, are powerful tools in the framework of plant breeding. For example, an extra pair of alien chromosomes in the full genome complement of a crop species has been frequently used as a first step to access genetic variation from the secondary gene pool in breeding programs. In addition, such introgression lines are also pivotal in the study of interspecific genetic interactions, in the chromosomal location of genetic markers, and in the study of chromosome structure and behavior in somatic and meiotic cells. Contained in this Special Issue are accounts of original research, including new tools to identify chromosome introgressions and the development and characterization of introgression lines and interspecific hybrids carrying desirable agronomic traits for plant breeding purposes. Also included are reviews about the chromosome engineering of tropical cash crops and the effect of chromosome structure on chromosome associations and recombination during meiosis to allow chromosome manipulation in the framework of plant breeding.

Author : V. L. Chopra
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Crops
ISBN : CORNELL:31924003296054

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Genetic Manipulation for Crop Improvement by V. L. Chopra Pdf

Author : W. Horn,C. J. Jensen,W. Odenbach,O. Schieder
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 932 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2019-07-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110871944

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Genetic Manipulation in Plant Breeding by W. Horn,C. J. Jensen,W. Odenbach,O. Schieder Pdf

No detailed description available for "Genetic Manipulation in Plant Breeding".

Author : J. Perry Gustafson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 667 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461324294

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Gene Manipulation in Plant Improvement by J. Perry Gustafson Pdf

The results obtained to date involving the use of in ~ methods to facilitate wide hybridization in plants are voluminous and impressive. The techniques of embryo culture, ovule culture, and in~ pollination and fertilization represent an extension of the normal sexual hybridization process. Successes recorded in obtaining hybrids stem largely from circumventing prezygotic or postzygotic hybridization barriers. Numerous recent successful hybridizations were possible because of the development of improved tissue and cell culture systems for crop plants and attention given to genotypes used in hybridization attempts. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization utilizing the process of protoplast fusion will bypass the limits set by all sexual me'thods. In addition to combining complete genomes from two different species through protoplast fusion, this system affords unique opportunities for creating novel cytoplasmic combinations, transfer of individual chromosomes, transfer of cytoplasmic organelles, manipulation of male sterility, and for single gene transfer. Some caution must be noted with regard to the extent of hybridization possible between distantly related species. Although practically no limit exists to the physical fusion of protoplasts from widely divergent species, the restrictions imposed by somatic incompatibility have not been adequately addressed. Regeneration of plants from the protoplast or single heterokaryon level is still a major hurdle for many important crop species before somatic cell fusion can be exploited to produce interspecific and intergeneric hybrids. Identification and selection of hybrids is also a limitation to the efficient application of cell fusion methods.

Author : J. Sybenga
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 479 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642840838

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Cytogenetics in Plant Breeding by J. Sybenga Pdf

An introductory discussion of basic chromosome structure and function preceeds the main text on the application of cytogenetic approaches to the analysis of the manipulation of both the genetic make-up and the genetic transmission system of plant breeding material. Analysis using light and electron microscopy, segregations and molecular techniques, yields information for assessing the material before and after manipulation. Much attention is given to quantitative methods. Manipulation not only involves the construction of specific genotypes, but also chromosomal transmission systems. Although analysis and manipulation in the somatic cycle are considered, the focus is on the generative cycle, with emphasis on analysis and subsequent segregation of specifically constructed material. The book is intended for plant breeders and other scientists interested in the analysis and manipulation of breeding material at the chromosomal level. Comparisons with molecular and cell biological approaches are made, and the potential of the various methods is evaluated.

Author : David Ronald Murray
Publisher : UNSW Press
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0868404608

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Seeds of Concern by David Ronald Murray Pdf

How are genetically modified plants produced? Which breeding goals are worthwhile, and which are not? Can the escape of transferred genes be controlled? Why have the first transgenic plants been released without full appreciation of the consequences? How dangerous are bacterial proteins produced in plant foods? Is anyone monitoring the unexpected effects of gene transfer? Will genetically modified plants ever be acceptable to organic growers? These are some of the important questions canvassed in this book, written with the insight of an experienced Australian plant scientist and conservationist.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 909 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:878806799

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Genetic Manipulation in Plant Breeding by Anonim Pdf

Author : Ram J. Singh
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2002-12-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420038507

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Plant Cytogenetics by Ram J. Singh Pdf

Plant cytogenetics has progressed at a rapid rate since the publication of the first edition. Plant Cytogenetics, Second Edition presents an up-to-date review of cytogenetics. It covers the latest in the various classical and modern techniques in the handling of chromosomes, karyotype analysis, genetics of meiosis, genomic relationships, and chromosome manipulation. It includes new chapters on extra chromosomal inheritance and the mode of reproduction in plants, paricularly apomixis, as well as new sections on the molecular basis of heredity, genomic in situ hybridization, and the classical and molecular methods of genome analysis. The author also elaborates on the cytogenetic basis of somaclonal variation generated through cell and tissue culture.

Author : John Flex Jackson,Hans F. Linskens,Ross B. Inman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2002-07-10
Category : Cooking
ISBN : 3540431535

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Testing for Genetic Manipulation in Plants by John Flex Jackson,Hans F. Linskens,Ross B. Inman Pdf

The debate over genetic manipulation and its use in plant improvement and protection has led to an increased demand for developing methods for detecting and characterizing genetic manipulation in plants and plant products such as seeds and foods. This book is unique in presenting all relevant methods together in one volume: those for using and determining markers retained in genetically manipulated products as well as methods for eliminating marker genes and procedures for characterizing chromosomal aberrations in genetically manipulated plants.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Food and Nutrition Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Identifying and Assessing Unintended Effects of Genetically Engineered Foods on Human Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2004-07-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309166157

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Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Food and Nutrition Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Identifying and Assessing Unintended Effects of Genetically Engineered Foods on Human Health Pdf

Assists policymakers in evaluating the appropriate scientific methods for detecting unintended changes in food and assessing the potential for adverse health effects from genetically modified products. In this book, the committee recommended that greater scrutiny should be given to foods containing new compounds or unusual amounts of naturally occurring substances, regardless of the method used to create them. The book offers a framework to guide federal agencies in selecting the route of safety assessment. It identifies and recommends several pre- and post-market approaches to guide the assessment of unintended compositional changes that could result from genetically modified foods and research avenues to fill the knowledge gaps.

Author : J. Perry Gustafson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468470475

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Gene Manipulation in Plant Improvement II by J. Perry Gustafson Pdf

There are clearly many directions in which the further development of the GUS gene fusion system can progress. Some of these have been outlined above, but others can be imagined. There are no reasons to limit our conceptions of the use of GUS gene fusions to analysis and manipulation of single genes. We can envision numerous marked genes - perhaps with several new fusion systems - giving valuable information about gene interaction, or population structure. The study of plan- pathogen and plant symbiont interactions can progress rapidly with simple quantitative markers for genes and individuals. We can imagine ways of using gene fusions to report on crop physiology or other complex phenotypes, thereby enhancing the accuracy and speed of screening. Introduction of the biosynthetic pathway for glucuronide detoxification by expressing genes for the UDP-glucuronyl transferases in plants may result in novel mechanisms for plants to deal with xenobiotics such as insecticides or herbicides. Synthesis of substrates, which until now has been performed chemicall- resulting in expensive compounds - can be done biosynthetically. This should make the system not only the most powerful gene fusion system for agriculture, but also the most accessible.

Author : Archarna Sharma
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1999-05-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9057023873

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Plant Chromosomes by Archarna Sharma Pdf

This treatise covers all the latest methods involved in the study of evolution, biodiversity, chromosome manipulation and engineering, exploring methods that combine conventional and modern techniques of biotechnology.

Author : Hubert Rees
Publisher : Scholium International
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1981-01-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0854031650

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The Manipulation of Genetic Systems in Plant Breeding by Hubert Rees Pdf