Chromosome Structure And Function

Author : R.C. Sobti,G. Obe,R. S. Athwal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2002-07-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0792370570

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Some Aspects of Chromosome Structure and Function by R.C. Sobti,G. Obe,R. S. Athwal Pdf

This volume is a compilation of twenty articles written by scientists from different parts of the world dealing with various aspects of repetitive sequences in chromosomes, telomeric sequences and their maintenance by telomerase, chromatin structure and gene activation, centrometric complexity in holocentric chromosomes, translocation frequencies in X and Y chromosomes and evolution of DNA repair mechanisms, cytogenetics of certain groups of animals viz. lepidoptera, fishes and birds, and radiosensitivity as an indicator of predisposition to breast cancer. The molecular genetics of various cancers viz., gastrointestinal, lung, prostate, and bladder is also discussed.

Author : R.C. Sobti,G. Obe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401003346

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Some Aspects of Chromosome Structure and Function by R.C. Sobti,G. Obe Pdf

It was at the end of the 19th century that a Swiss biologist, Karl Nageli first proposed the existence of hereditary organelles that carried information from parent to offspring. Ensuing decades experienced vigorous studies that led to the development of discovery that chromosomes are indeed the carriers of genetic information. Subsequent studies, especially by Morgan and Bridges, established unequivocally the chromosome theory of inheritance. Today, the structure of chromosome is well established. At the physical level, eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of a single, linear, double helix of DNA. The elementary helical structure involves nucleosomes, comprised of histones around which the DNA is wrapped. A hierarchy of higher order of chromosomal architecture may possibly be responsible for the regulation of gene helical structures expression. The localized condensations of DNA constitute chromomeres. Uncoiled structures sometimes extending from chromomeres, which form loops, is the result of discontinuities in the regular coiling of the DNA in the chromosome.

Author : Adrian T. Sumner
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2008-04-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470695227

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Chromosomes by Adrian T. Sumner Pdf

Integrating classical knowledge of chromosome organisation with recent molecular and functional findings, this book presents an up-to-date view of chromosome organisation and function for advanced undergraduate students studying genetics. The organisation and behaviour of chromosomes is central to genetics and the equal segregation of genes and chromosomes into daughter cells at cell division is vital. This text aims to provide a clear and straightforward explanation of these complex processes. Following a brief historical introduction, the text covers the topics of cell cycle dynamics and DNA replication; mitosis and meiosis; the organisation of DNA into chromatin; the arrangement of chromosomes in interphase; euchromatin and heterochromatin; nucleolus organisers; centromeres and telomeres; lampbrush and polytene chromosomes; chromosomes and evolution; chromosomes and disease, and artificial chromosomes. Topics are illustrated with examples from a wide variety of organisms, including fungi, plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. This book will be valuable resource for plant, animal and human geneticists and cell biologists. Originally a zoologist, Adrian Sumner has spent over 25 years studying human and other mammalian chromosomes with the Medical Research Council (UK). One of the pioneers of chromosome banding, he has used electron microscopy and immunofluorescence to study chromosome organisation and function, and latterly has studied factors involved in chromosome separation at mitosis. Adrian is an Associate Editor of the journal Chromosome Research, acts as a consultant biologist and is also Chair of the Committee of the International Chromosome Conferences. The most up-to-date overview of chromosomes in all their forms. Introduces cutting-edge topics such as artificial chromosomes and studies of telomere biology. Describes the methods used to study chromosomes. The perfect complement to Turner.

Author : Hsueh Jei Li
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323153638

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Chromatin and Chromosome Structure by Hsueh Jei Li Pdf

Chromatin and Chromosome Structure consists of chapters that reflect a 1975 seminar course and the reported observations after the session. The seminar is organized for the benefit of both faculty and students in the Biology Ph.D. Program of the City University of New York. This book begins with a presentation of the conformational studies of histones. It then describes the histone-DNA interactions and the subunits isolated either from chromatin or from nuclei. It also explains the post-synthetic modifications of histone structure. Furthermore, the book talks about the chemistry and function of nuclear nonhistone proteins, low molecular weight nuclear RNA, and polytene chromosome structure. The regulation of gene expression in chick oviduct model system and the main features of lampbrush chromosomes are shown as well. Aside from the students and faculty of the above-mentioned university, this compilation will be invaluable as well to other undergraduate and graduate students; professors; and researchers. It will also be a good reference to those who are specializing in chromatin and chromosome studies.

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181

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Molecular Biology of The Cell by Bruce Alberts Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Chromosomes
ISBN : OCLC:1148237408

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Chromosome Structure and function by Anonim Pdf

Author : Andreas Houben
Publisher : Springer My Copy UK
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Aufsatzsammlung
ISBN : 3805592124

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Chromosome Structure and Function by Andreas Houben Pdf

Our understanding of the function and structure of chromosomes and their interrelationship has grown in recent years. The chapters in this issue describe the advances that have been made possible by combining microscope techniques with sophisticated biochemical and genetic approaches to unlock the secrets of chromosomes. The authors look at many aspects of chromosome biology, such as protein, DNA and RNA composition of chromosomes, defined chromosome structures, unusual chromosome structures and specialized chromosomes and microscope tools for chromosome analysis. 'Chromosome Structure and Function' will be an invaluable resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students in fields such as plant and animal sciences, genetics, and molecular biology. In fact, any student, teacher or researcher interested in chromosome biology will find this special issue indispensable.

Author : Rudi Appels,J. Perry Gustafson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461310372

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Chromosome Structure and Function by Rudi Appels,J. Perry Gustafson Pdf

A Historical Perspective on the Study of Chromosome Structure and Function R. Appels Division of Plant Industry CSIRO P.O. Box 1600 A.C.T. AUSTRALIA "Modern physical science gives us no model to explain the re duplication of the gene-string in each cell generation, or to ex plain the production of effective quantities of specific enzymes or other agents by specific genes. The precise pairing and inter change of segments by homologous gene-strings at meiosis also suggest novel physical properties of this form of matter". Stadler (1954) The very strong influence of reductionism in the history of understanding chromosome structure and function is evident in the above quotation from Stadler's 1954 paper, "The gene". Earlyob servations on the constancy of the cytological appearance of chromo somes and their regular behaviour in cell division led to specula tion on their biological importance. As genetics became more refined in the early decades of the 20th century the genes-on-a string model of chromosomes developed and greater emphasis was placed on the further dissection of these structures. As a result, in the 1980's the reductionist approach is reaching a crest as extensive regions of the genetic material are being sequenced.

Author : Wolfgang Hennig
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540477839

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Structure and Function of Eukaryotic Chromosomes by Wolfgang Hennig Pdf

This book presents an overview of various aspects of chromosome research, written by leading experts of the respective fields, combining classic and recent molecular biological results. The variety and comprehensiveness make it a handbook of chromosome research for all scientists, teachers and graduate students interested in this field. Dieses Buch faßt die unterschiedlichen Aspekte der Chromosomenforschung in Beiträgen von führenden Wissenschaftlern zusammen, wobei die klassischen Erkenntnisse mit neuesten Forschungsdaten zu einem umfassenden Überblick über das Gebiet kombiniert werden.

Author : Kenneth W. Adolph
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461236528

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Molecular Biology of Chromosome Function by Kenneth W. Adolph Pdf

Chromosomes have structure, determined by the interactions of proteins with DNA, and chromosomes have functions, in particular, replication of DNA and transcription of messenger RNA. Chromosome structure and function are not separate topics, since chromosome organization pro foundly influences the activity of the genome in replication and transcrip tion. This is especially clear for higher cells, including human cells, in which chromatin fibers are created by the binding of histone proteins to the DNA, and folding of the fibers produces mitotic chromosomes and interphase nuclei. The intricate organization of DNA in higher cells is now recognized as being closely involved with genome activity. Many fundamental results have originated from studies of bacterial and viral systems, which have been systems of choice because of their less complex life cycles. The processes of replication and transcription show differences between the higher and simpler systems (e. g. , different enzymes and protein factors are involved). But the parallels are as striking as the differences in detail. Even for bacteria and viruses, a full understanding of these processes will require integrating the results of molecular biology with those of structural biology and cell biology. Three important subjects are covered in this volume: DNA replication and recombination, gene transcription, and chromosome organization. The sections dealing with replication and transcription examine recent results obtained by applying the techniques of molecular biology and biochemistry. Eukaryotic, prokaryotic, and viral systems are discussed.

Author : R. Appels
Publisher : Springer
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1998-12-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : STANFORD:36105020196270

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Chromosome Biology by R. Appels Pdf

Chromosome Biology is a synthesis of modern viewpoints on chromosome structure, function, and behavior. The coverage is wide-ranging, from bacterial protosomes to wheat and human chromosomes, from centromeres to telomeres, from translocations to transformations. Chromosome Biology investigates the fascinating behavior of chromosomes at mitosis and meiosis, and the structural and numerical chromosomal changes caused by genome manipulation and genetic engineering. Chromosome Biology is suitable for use by under-graduate and post-graduate students of plant and animal sciences, genetics, molecular biology, plant breeding, and related fields. Students, teachers and researchers alike will benefit from this comprehensive textbook.

Author : Hank Bass,James A. Birchler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2011-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 0387708693

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Plant Cytogenetics by Hank Bass,James A. Birchler Pdf

This reference book provides information on plant cytogenetics for students, instructors, and researchers. Topics covered by international experts include classical cytogenetics of plant genomes; plant chromosome structure; functional, molecular cytology; and genome dynamics. In addition, chapters are included on several methods in plant cytogenetics, informatics, and even laboratory exercises for aspiring or practiced instructors. The book provides a unique combination of historical and modern subject matter, revealing the central role of plant cytogenetics in plant genetics and genomics as currently practiced. This breadth of coverage, together with the inclusion of methods and instruction, is intended to convey a deep and useful appreciation for plant cytogenetics. We hope it will inform and inspire students, researchers, and teachers to continue to employ plant cytogenetics to address fundamental questions about the cytology of plant chromosomes and genomes for years to come. Hank W. Bass is a Professor in the Department of Biological Science at Florida State University. James A. Birchler is a Professor in the Division of Biological Sciences at the University of Missouri.

Author : Michael S. Risley
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015010128562

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Chromosome Structure and Function by Michael S. Risley Pdf

Author : Jorge Yunis
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 349 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323154833

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Molecular Structure of Human Chromosomes by Jorge Yunis Pdf

Molecular Structure of Human Chromosomes is an authoritative guide to genetics, focusing on human genome. This reference compiles contributions covering available knowledge on human genome structure and organization, which the previous researches fail to encompass. This text provides a comprehensive discussion of cytogenetic techniques, emphasizing their application to human genome studies and examinations. The book is divided into nine chapters. It explains the molecular organization and function of the human genome and the DNA sequences in man. It also discusses the localization of human gene by in situ hybridization and the approaches to gene mapping. The book describes the structure of the chromosomes and the trends in chromosome techniques; banding and polymorphism; and repetitive DNA and primate evolution. Various practitioners in genetics and biology will find this book a good reference. Students and novices in these fields will also find this book an excellent guide.

Author : N.S. Sharma
Publisher : Mittal Publications
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Chromosomes
ISBN : 8182930200

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Molecular Structure Of Genes And Chromosomes by N.S. Sharma Pdf