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Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 483 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1992-08-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780080862163
Circumventricular Organs and Brain Fluid Environment
Author : Armin Ermisch,Rainer Landgraf,Hans-Joachim Rühle
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Blood-brain barrier
ISBN : 0444801049
Author : Armin Ermisch,Rainer Landgraf,Hans-Joachim Rühle
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 511 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780444814197
This volume provides a picture of the state of the art and of the perspectives opened by new powerful approaches to the study of the structure and function of "Circumventricular Organs" (CVOs). Studies on the CVOs reflected in this book comprise many aspects, from cellular elements to the whole organism: the accessibility of these organs for chemical signals, signal (ligand)-receptor interactions, the transfer of information to distinct brain regions, the effects induced in these brain regions and the influence on the regulation of body functions including autonomic and behavioral alterations. Some of these aspects strongly depend upon the microenvironment of the cells involved in this cascade of events. Therefore, the brain fluid environment in its broadest sense is a central focus. This excellent work is therefore an up-to-date report on interdisciplinary approaches and concepts, offering new insights into the complex phenomena of brain function, and shows directions in which to proceed.
Author : Laurival Antonio De Luca Jr.,Jose Vanderlei Menani,Alan Kim Johnson
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781466506930
A timely symposium entitled Body-Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration was held at Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil in 2011. This meeting was convened as an official satellite of a joint gathering of the International Society for Autonomic Neuroscience (ISAN) and the American Autonomic Society (AAS) held in Buzios, Rio de Janeiro. Broad international participation at this event generated stimulating discussion among the invited speakers, leading to the publication of Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration. Drawn from the proceedings and filled with rich examples of integrative neurobiology and regulatory physiology, this volume: Provides updated research using human and animal models for the control of bodily fluids, thirst, and salt appetite Explores neural and endocrine control of body fluid balance, arterial pressure, thermoregulation, and ingestive behavior Discusses recent developments in molecular genetics, cell biology, and behavioral plasticity Reviews key aspects of brain serotonin and steroid and peptide control of fluid consumption and arterial pressure The book highlights research conducted by leading scientists on signal transduction and sensory afferent mechanisms, molecular genetics, perinatal and adult long-term influences on regulation, central neural integrative circuitry, and autonomic/neuroendocrine effector systems. The findings discussed by the learned contributors are relevant for a basic understanding of disorders such as heat injury, hypertension, and excess salt intake. A unique reference on the neurobiology of body fluid homeostasis, this volume is certain to fuel additional research and stimulate further debate on the topic.
Author : Marilyn J. Cipolla
Publisher : Biota Publishing
Page : 82 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2016-07-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615047239
This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.
Author : Wolfgang Walz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2001-12-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781592591084
Leading neuroscience researchers offer a fresh perspective on neuronal function by examining all its many components-including their pertubation during major disease states-and relate each element to neuronal demands. Topics range from the dependency of neurons on metabolic supply, as well as on both ion and transmitter homeostasis, to their close interaction with the myelin sheath. Also addressed are the astrocytic signaling system that controls synaptic transmission, the extracellular matrix and space as communication systems, the role of blood flow regulation in neuronal demand and in blood-brain barrier function, and inflammation and the neuroimmune system. Insightful and integrative, The Neuronal Environment: Brain Homeostasis in Health and Disease demonstrates a clear new understanding that neurons do not work in isolation, that they need constant interactions with other brain components to process information, and that they are not the only information processing system in the brain.
Author : E. R. de Kloet,V. M. Wiegant,David de Wied
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780444808516
NEUROPEPTIDES AND BRAIN FUNCTION.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2008-06-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080559352
This book opens a new page of neuro-immunobiology providing substantive experimental and clinical data to support current understanding in the field, and potential applications of this knowledge in the treatment of disease. The volume is a collection of complex, new data drawn from multiple areas of investigation in the field. The contents summarize current understanding on the presence and function of CNS cytokines and their receptors in a variety of CNS cells during health and disease. The chapters are a collection of complex, new data demonstrating the presence and synthesis of cytokines in brain cells, as well as their receptors on cell membranes in health and disease. The strength of the volume are the descriptions of the authors own investigations, together with those of others in the field pertaining to a large number of cytokines in brain function, as well as mechanisms involved in the development of CNS disorders, including multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. Also included are novel approaches to the treatment of CNS disorders based on new experimental data. The contributors to this volume are internationally known scientists and clinical researchers in their respective fields of investigation and treatment. *Opens a new page of neuro-immunobiology and provides substantive evidence for the promise of this field in the treatment of disease *Summarizes current understanding on the presence and function of central nervous system (CNS) cytokines and their receptors in a variety of CNS cells during health and disease *Includes novel approaches to the treatment of CNS disorders based on new experimental data *Offers new insight into triggers for the development of autoimmune diseases in the brain and the possibilities for treatment
Author : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1536 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Medicine
ISBN : MINN:31951D010928702
Author : Ingrid Emerit,Chance
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783034874601
Among the various theories proposed to account for the process of aging, the free radical theory is of practical interest since it includes the possibility of retarding this process by administrating natural or synthetic antioxidants and free radical scavengers. The book "Free Radicals and Aging" summarizes knowledge accumulated during recent years in 42 reviews written by experts in the field. Aspects of free radical involvement in the intrinsic aging process and in age-related diseases, as well as the importance of the pro-antioxidant balance throughout life are discussed. Epidemiological studies from several European countries are reported showing correlations between low plasma levels of essential antioxidants and the occurence of coronary heart disease, cancer and cataract formation. Appropriate nutrition as well as prophylactic and therapeutic use of antioxidants are considered. This book represents a milestone in the field of age-related free radical biology and medicine. With contributions by: A. Azzi, B. Chance, R.G. Cutler, H. Esterbauer, P.H. Evans, F. Gey, C. Guarneri, D. Harman, N.I. Krinsky, M. Meydani, J. Miquel, A. Mori, L. Packer, C. Rice-Evans, M. Simic, A. Taylor, T. Yoshikawa.
Author : Klaus Pleschka,Rüdiger Gerstberger
Publisher : John Libbey Eurotext
Page : 580 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Medical
ISBN : 2742000429
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Integrative and Cellular Aspects of Autonomic Functions Held in Bad Nauheim (Germany) on 29-30 July 1993.
Author : Lester R. Drewes,A.Lorris Betz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461529200
During the past three decades, the cerebral vasculature and its role in blood-brain transport has been an increasingly active area of investigation and learning, particularly from an anatomical and physiological point of view. However, much less is known at the molecular and cellular level about the blood-brain barrier especially regarding the macromolecules responsible for transport, the roles played by vascular wall components (endothelial cell, pericyte, smooth muscle, basement membrane), and the mechanisms regulating brain vascular-specific protein expression and their molecular alterations during development and disease. Fundamental questions still unanswered include: What are the molecular constituents of brain endothelial cell tight junctions? What are the membrane proteins responsible for transport of specific substrates? What are the molecular signals that cause glucose transporter gene expression to be 20 to 100 times greater in brain endothelial cells in vivo than in vitro? What roles do pericytes, smooth muscle cells and basement membrane have in establishing or maintaining blood-brain transport characteristics? Are brain vascular transport systems responsible for edema following injury? Are transporter systems regulated via receptor-mediated events? Do hormones or neuromodulators regulate transporter expression? What is the molecular mechanism by which plasma proteins enter the extravascular space? Are transporters asymmetrically distributed between the luminal and abluminal endothelial cell membranes? Can prodrugs or pharmacologic agents be designed as substrate analogs and be delivered to the central nervous system via existing transporters or receptors? Can new and beneficial transporters be introduced into the brain vasculature?
Author : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Medicine
ISBN : UOM:39015074107668
First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Author : Rainer Greger,Uwe Windhorst
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 2478 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642609466
Comprehensive Human Physiology is a significantly important publication on physiology, presenting state-of-the-art knowledge about both the molecular mechanisms and the integrative regulation of body functions. This is the first time that such a broad range of perspectives on physiology have been combined to provide a unified overview of the field. This groundbreaking two-volume set reveals human physiology to be a highly dynamic science rooted in the ever-continuing process of learning more about life. Each chapter contains a wealth of original data, clear illustrations, and extensive references, making this a valuable and easy-to-use reference. This is the quintessential reference work in the fields of physiology and pathophysiology, essential reading for researchers, lecturers and advanced students.
Author : K. Kogure,K.-A. Hossmann,B. Siesjö
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1993-05-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080862217
In the eight years since the publication of Volume 63 of Progress in Brain Research, on this subject, developments in the research field have been very fast. For example, receptor physiology and pharmacology is now an intensively studied field, and the excitotoxic hypothesis of cell death is commonly accepted. Furthermore, it is recognized that ischemia and other insults give rise to a sustained depression of overall protein synthesis, yet lead to the expression of dormant genes and to synthesis of new proteins. In view of this development, this volume focusses on the cellular and molecular aspects of ischemic brain damage. The book will be of great value to all those interested in the pathophysiology of ischemic and traumatic brain damage.
