Civil Resistance

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Why Civil Resistance Works

Erica Chenoweth,Maria J. Stephan
Why Civil Resistance Works Book PDF

Author : Erica Chenoweth,Maria J. Stephan
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2011-08-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231527484

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Why Civil Resistance Works by Erica Chenoweth,Maria J. Stephan Pdf

For more than a century, from 1900 to 2006, campaigns of nonviolent resistance were more than twice as effective as their violent counterparts in achieving their stated goals. By attracting impressive support from citizens, whose activism takes the form of protests, boycotts, civil disobedience, and other forms of nonviolent noncooperation, these efforts help separate regimes from their main sources of power and produce remarkable results, even in Iran, Burma, the Philippines, and the Palestinian Territories. Combining statistical analysis with case studies of specific countries and territories, Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan detail the factors enabling such campaigns to succeed and, sometimes, causing them to fail. They find that nonviolent resistance presents fewer obstacles to moral and physical involvement and commitment, and that higher levels of participation contribute to enhanced resilience, greater opportunities for tactical innovation and civic disruption (and therefore less incentive for a regime to maintain its status quo), and shifts in loyalty among opponents' erstwhile supporters, including members of the military establishment. Chenoweth and Stephan conclude that successful nonviolent resistance ushers in more durable and internally peaceful democracies, which are less likely to regress into civil war. Presenting a rich, evidentiary argument, they originally and systematically compare violent and nonviolent outcomes in different historical periods and geographical contexts, debunking the myth that violence occurs because of structural and environmental factors and that it is necessary to achieve certain political goals. Instead, the authors discover, violent insurgency is rarely justifiable on strategic grounds.

Civil Resistance

Erica Chenoweth
Civil Resistance Book PDF

Author : Erica Chenoweth
Publisher : What Everyone Needs to Know(r)
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190244392

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Civil Resistance by Erica Chenoweth Pdf

Exploring both historical cases of civil resistance and more contemporary examples such as the Arab Awakenings and various ongoing movements in the United States, Civil Resistance: What Everyone Needs to Know® provides a comprehensive and engaging review of the current field of knowledge.

Civil Resistance and Conflict Transformation

Véronique Dudouet
Civil Resistance and Conflict Transformation Book PDF

Author : Véronique Dudouet
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2014-09-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317697770

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Civil Resistance and Conflict Transformation by Véronique Dudouet Pdf

This book investigates the decision-making process, rationale and determining factors which underlie the strategic shifts of armed movements from violent to nonviolent resistance. The revival of global interest in the phenomenon of nonviolent struggle since the 2011 Arab Spring offers a welcome opportunity to revisit the potential of unarmed resistance as an alternative pathway out of armed conflicts, in cases where neither military (or counter-insurgency) nor negotiated solutions have succeeded. This volume brings together academics from various disciplinary traditions and offers a wide range of case studies – including South Africa, Palestine and Egypt – through which to view the changes from violence to nonviolence within self-determination, revolutionary or pro-democracy struggles. While current historiography focuses on armed conflicts and their termination through military means or negotiated settlements, this book is a first attempt to investigate the nature and the drivers of transitions from armed strategies to unarmed methods of contentious collective action on the part of non-state conflict actors. The text concentrates in particular on the internal and relational factors which underpin the decision-making process, from a change of leadership and a pragmatic re-evaluation of the goals and means of insurgency in the light of evolving inter-party power dynamics, to the search for new local or international allies and the cross-border emulation or diffusion of new repertoires of action. This book will be of interest to students of security studies, peace and conflict studies, political sociology and IR in general.

Civil Resistance and Power Politics

Sir Adam Roberts,Timothy Garton Ash
Civil Resistance and Power Politics Book PDF

Author : Sir Adam Roberts,Timothy Garton Ash
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2011-09-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780191619175

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Civil Resistance and Power Politics by Sir Adam Roberts,Timothy Garton Ash Pdf

This widely-praised book identified peaceful struggle as a key phenomenon in international politics a year before the revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt confirmed its central argument. Civil resistance - non-violent action against such challenges as dictatorial rule, racial discrimination and foreign military occupation - is a significant but inadequately understood feature of world politics. Especially through the peaceful revolutions of 1989, and the developments in the Arab world since December 2010, it has helped to shape the world we live in. Civil Resistance and Power Politics covers most of the leading cases, including the actions master-minded by Gandhi, the US civil rights struggle in the 1960s, the Islamic revolution in Iran in 1979, the 'people power' revolt in the Philippines in the 1980s, the campaigns against apartheid in South Africa, the various movements contributing to the collapse of the Soviet Bloc in 1989-91, and, in this century, the 'colour revolutions' in Georgia and Ukraine. The chapters, written by leading experts, are richly descriptive and analytically rigorous. This book addresses the complex interrelationship between civil resistance and other dimensions of power. It explores the question of whether civil resistance should be seen as potentially replacing violence completely, or as a phenomenon that operates in conjunction with, and modification of, power politics. It looks at cases where campaigns were repressed, including China in 1989 and Burma in 2007. It notes that in several instances, including Northern Ireland, Kosovo and, Georgia, civil resistance movements were followed by the outbreak of armed conflict. It also includes a chapter with new material from Russian archives showing how the Soviet leadership responded to civil resistance, and a comprehensive bibliographical essay. Illustrated throughout with a remarkable selection of photographs, this uniquely wide-ranging and path-breaking study is written in an accessible style and is intended for the general reader as well as for students of Modern History, Politics, Sociology, and International Relations.

Civil Resistance

Kurt Schock
Civil Resistance Book PDF

Author : Kurt Schock
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2015-08-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781452945118

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Civil Resistance by Kurt Schock Pdf

In the past quarter century the world has witnessed dramatic social and political transformations, due in part to an upsurge in civil resistance. There have been significant uprisings around the globe, including the toppling of communist regimes in Eastern Europe, the Color Revolutions, the Arab Spring, protests against war and economic inequality, countless struggles against corruption, and demands for more equitable distribution of land. These actions have attracted substantial scholarly attention, reflected in the growth of literature on social movements and revolution as well as literature on nonviolent resistance. Until now, however, the two bodies of literature have largely developed in parallel—with relatively little acknowledgment of the existence of the other. In this useful collection, an international and interdisciplinary group of scholars takes stock of the current state of the theoretical and empirical literature on civil resistance. Contributors analyze key processes of nonviolent struggle and identify both frictions and points of synthesis between the narrower literature on civil resistance and the broader literature on social movements and revolution. By doing so, Civil Resistance: Comparative Perspectives on Nonviolent Struggle pushes the boundaries of the study of civil resistance and generates social scientific knowledge that will be helpful for all scholars and activists concerned with democracy, human rights, and social justice.

Civil Resistance in the Arab Spring

Adam Roberts,Michael J. Willis,Rory McCarthy,Timothy Garton Ash
Civil Resistance in the Arab Spring Book PDF

Author : Adam Roberts,Michael J. Willis,Rory McCarthy,Timothy Garton Ash
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2016-01-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191065866

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Civil Resistance in the Arab Spring by Adam Roberts,Michael J. Willis,Rory McCarthy,Timothy Garton Ash Pdf

Civil resistance, especially in the form of massive peaceful demonstrations, was at the heart of the Arab Spring-the chain of events in the Middle East and North Africa that erupted in December 2010. It won some notable victories: popular movements helped to bring about the fall of authoritarian governments in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and Yemen. Yet these apparent triumphs of non-violent action were followed by disasters—wars in Syria, anarchy in Libya and Yemen, reversion to authoritarian rule in Egypt, and counter-revolution backed by external intervention in Bahrain. Looming over these events was the enduring divide between the Sunni and Shi'a branches of Islam. Why did so much go wrong? Was the problem the methods, leadership and aims of the popular movements, or the conditions of their societies? In this book, experts on these countries, and on the techniques of civil resistance, set the events in their historical, social and political contexts. They describe how governments and outside powers—including the US and EU—responded, how Arab monarchies in Jordan and Morocco undertook to introduce reforms to avert revolution, and why the Arab Spring failed to spark a Palestinian one. They indicate how and why Tunisia remained, precariously, the country that experienced the most political change for the lowest cost in bloodshed. This book provides a vivid illustrated account and rigorous scholarly analysis of the course and fate, the strengths and the weaknesses, of the Arab Spring. The authors draw clear and challenging conclusions from these tumultuous events. Above all, they show how civil resistance aiming at regime change is not enough: building the institutions and the trust necessary for reforms to be implemented and democracy to develop is a more difficult but equally crucial task.

Sharp's Dictionary of Power and Struggle

Gene Sharp,Sir Adam Roberts
Sharp s Dictionary of Power and Struggle Book PDF

Author : Gene Sharp,Sir Adam Roberts
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199829897

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Sharp's Dictionary of Power and Struggle by Gene Sharp,Sir Adam Roberts Pdf

Sharp's Dictionary of Power and Struggle is a groundbreaking book by the "godfather of nonviolent resistance." In nearly 1,000 entries, the Dictionary defines those ideologies, political systems, strategies, methods, and concepts that form the core of nonviolent action as it has occurred throughout history and across the globe, providing much-needed clarification of language that is often mired in confusion.

Nonviolent Conflict and Civil Resistance

Sharon Erickson Nepstead,Lester R. Kurtz
Nonviolent Conflict and Civil Resistance Book PDF

Author : Sharon Erickson Nepstead,Lester R. Kurtz
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781781903469

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Nonviolent Conflict and Civil Resistance by Sharon Erickson Nepstead,Lester R. Kurtz Pdf

This volume covers how regime changes, political movements and nonviolent unrest develop and then shape the political decisions of both civil society and the state. Chapter discussions include the civil rights movement in Northern Ireland, youth movements in Post-Communist states, and the efforts of nonviolent INGOs.

The Oxford Handbook of Social Movements

Donatella Della Porta,Mario Diani
The Oxford Handbook of Social Movements Book PDF

Author : Donatella Della Porta,Mario Diani
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 865 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780199678402

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The Oxford Handbook of Social Movements by Donatella Della Porta,Mario Diani Pdf

The Handbook presents a most updated and comprehensive exploration of social movement research. It not only maps, but also expands the field of social movement studies, taking stock of recent developments in cognate areas of studies, within and beyond sociology and political science. While structured around traditional social movement concepts, each section combines the mapping of the state of the art with attempts to broaden our knowledge of social movements beyond classic theoretical agendas, and to identify the contribution that social movement studies can give to other fields of knowledge.

Civil Resistance Tactics in the 21st Century

Michael Beer
Civil Resistance Tactics in the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : Michael Beer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2021-02-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1943271402

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Civil Resistance Tactics in the 21st Century by Michael Beer Pdf

Civil Resistance Tactics in the 21st Century belongs on the virtual bookshelf of anyone who is studying or practicing nonviolent action. Scholars: Explore updated categories and tactics that respect and expand on Gene Sharp's landmark work. Teachers & Trainers: Give your participants a brief overview of the whole range of nonviolent tactics used around the world, when and how those tactics work, and how nonviolent tactics differ from, or combine with, other types of civil resistance. Activists: Use this concise guide to expand your toolbox and sharpen your analytical tools for selecting powerful strategies for your campaigns. This book dovetails with two huge online sources (Nonviolence International's Nonviolent Tactics Database and Organizing & Training Archive) so that you can move seamlessly between strategy and implementation.

Nonviolent Revolutions

Sharon Erickson Nepstad
Nonviolent Revolutions Book PDF

Author : Sharon Erickson Nepstad
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2011-07-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199778201

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Nonviolent Revolutions by Sharon Erickson Nepstad Pdf

In the spring of 1989, Chinese workers and students captured global attention as they occupied Tiananmen Square, demanded political change, and were tragically suppressed by the Chinese army. Months later, East German civilians rose up nonviolently, brought down the Berlin Wall, and dismantled their regime. Although both movements used tactics of civil resistance, their outcomes were different. Why? In Nonviolent Revolutions, Sharon Erickson Nepstad examines these and other uprisings in Panama, Chile, Kenya, and the Philippines. Taking a comparative approach that includes both successful and failed cases of nonviolent resistance, Nepstad analyzes the effects of movements' strategies along with the counter-strategies regimes developed to retain power. She shows that a significant influence on revolutionary outcomes is security force defections, and explores the reasons why soldiers defect or remain loyal and the conditions that increase the likelihood of mutiny. She then examines the impact of international sanctions, finding that they can at times harm movements by generating new allies for authoritarian leaders or by shifting the locus of power from local civil resisters to international actors. Nonviolent Revolutions offers essential insights into the challenges that civil resisters face and elucidates why some of these movements failed. With a recent surge of popular uprisings across the Middle East, this book provides a valuable new understanding of the dynamics and potency of civil resistance and nonviolent revolt.

A Theory of Nonviolent Action

Stellan Vinthagen
A Theory of Nonviolent Action Book PDF

Author : Stellan Vinthagen
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781780320533

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A Theory of Nonviolent Action by Stellan Vinthagen Pdf

In this ground-breaking and much-needed book, Stellan Vinthagen provides the first major systematic attempt to develop a theory of nonviolent action since Gene Sharp's seminal The Politics of Nonviolent Action in 1973. Employing a rich collection of historical and contemporary social movements from various parts of the world as examples - from the civil rights movement in America to anti-Apartheid protestors in South Africa to Gandhi and his followers in India - and addressing core theoretical issues concerning nonviolent action in an innovative, penetrating way, Vinthagen argues for a repertoire of nonviolence that combines resistance and construction. Contrary to earlier research, this repertoire - consisting of dialogue facilitation, normative regulation, power breaking and utopian enactment - is shown to be both multidimensional and contradictory, creating difficult contradictions within nonviolence, while simultaneously providing its creative and transformative force. An important contribution in the field, A Theory of Nonviolent Action is essential for anyone involved with nonviolent action who wants to think about what they are doing.

The Second Palestinian Intifada

Julie M. Norman
The Second Palestinian Intifada Book PDF

Author : Julie M. Norman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781136947346

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The Second Palestinian Intifada by Julie M. Norman Pdf

Palestinian civilians engaged in numerous acts of unarmed resistance during the second intifada. However, these attempts in using non-violent strategies were frequently overshadowed by the armed tactics of militant groups. Drawing from extensive interviews, surveys, and observations in the West Bank, this book provides an in-depth study of the often-overlooked aspects of popular resistance in Palestine. The book demonstrates how such unarmed tactics have considerable support amongst the local population particularly when they are framed as a strategy rather than just as a moral preference. However, whilst recognizing the successes of many civil-based initiatives, the author examines why a unified popular movement never fully emerged. She argues that obstacles extended beyond occupation policies to include political constraints from the Palestinian Authority, and agenda-setting efforts from sectors of the international community. Nevertheless, many activists continue to work creatively through diverse channels and networks to broaden the space for civil resistance. Combining critical analysis with activist narratives and community case studies, the book provides a comprehensive and compelling look at non-violent activism in the second intifada, offering a fresh perspective on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and illustrating both the challenges and opportunities in mobilizing for popular struggle.

Civil Resistance in Kosovo

Howard Clark
Civil Resistance in Kosovo Book PDF

Author : Howard Clark
Publisher : Pluto Press
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : History
ISBN : 0745315690

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Civil Resistance in Kosovo by Howard Clark Pdf

Lively account of how people power has shaped British history -- from Peterloo to the Poll tax and beyond.

From Dissent to Democracy

Jonathan C. Pinckney
From Dissent to Democracy Book PDF

Author : Jonathan C. Pinckney
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190097332

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From Dissent to Democracy by Jonathan C. Pinckney Pdf

Peaceful protest is a strong driver for democratization across the globe. Yet, it doesn't always lead to democratic transition, as seen in the Arab Spring revolutions in Egypt or Yemen. Why do some nonviolent transitions end in democracy while others do not? In From Dissent to Democracy, Jonathan Pinckney systematically examines transitions initiated by nonviolent resistance campaigns and argues that two key factors explain whether or not democracy will follow such efforts. First, a movement must sustain high levels of social mobilization. Second, it must direct that mobilization away from revolutionary "maximalist" goals and tactics and towards support for new institutions. Pinckney tests his theory by presenting a global statistical analysis of all political transitions from 1945-2011 and three case studies from Nepal, Zambia, and Brazil. Original and empirically rigorous, this book provides new insights into the intersection of democratization and nonviolent resistance and gives actionable recommendations for how to encourage democratic transitions.