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Author : Cheryl Long, Xiaobo Zhang
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2024-07-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Abdelaziz, Fatma,Abdelghany, Nancy,Ellis, Mia,William, Amy,Zhang, Xiaobo
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
The Egyptian government has prioritized the idea of cluster-based development-that is, the geographic concentration of specialized firms, such as in this case, those producing similar or related products. The establishment of such clusters, however, presents significant challenges, bottlenecks, and obstacles. Based on primary field work, this paper focuses on two case studies of the impacts of shocks on business clusters. The first study involved the relocation of an established leather cluster from Cairo to a newly created industrial park, Robbiki Leather City, which was promoted by Egypt’s Ministry of Trade and Industry. Although the relocation partly solved the existing issues of water contamination, new challenges emerged relating to increased production and transportation costs, and unforeseen impacts on the community. The second study assessed the short-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a business cluster producing medicinal and aromatic plants. Overall the MAPs sector was resilient to the outbreak and there are opportunities to offset any negative impacts of the pandemic by taking advantage of new markets for Egyptian MAPs stemming from supply disruptions in other countries; increased global demand for MAPs due to their pharmacological and health properties; and increased international demand for organically grown MAPs. Findings indicate that it is essential for governments to develop policy responses to the challenges-and especially barriers-to the development of business clusters, while simultaneously supporting and creating incentives for the cooperation, entrepreneurship, and collective action needed for business clusters to thrive and grow. As anticipated, challenges and obstacles-whether overarching or in response to shocks-are unique to specific sectors, contexts, and times, and hence need to be dealt with as an ongoing facilitation process.
Author : Justin Lin Yifu
Publisher : Springer
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137335173
This volume is the result of the 2012 International Economic Association's series of roundtables on the theme of Industrial Policy. The first, 'New Thinking on Industrial Policy,' was hosted by the World Bank in Washington, D.C, and the second, 'New Thinking on Industrial Policy: Implications for Africa,' was held in Pretoria, South Africa.
Author : Jesus Felipe
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2015-04-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781784715540
Development and Modern Industrial Policy in Practice provides an up-to-date analysis of industrial policy. Modern industrial policy refers to the set of actions and strategies used to favor the more dynamic sectors of the economy. A key aspect of moder
Author : Zhang, Xiaobo
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-12-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
It is a daunting task to build institution and infrastructure over a short time period in developing countries. But in the absence of sound institutions and adequate infrastructure, it is difficult for economic transformation to take place. An alternative is to facilitate existing industrial clusters or build industrial parks by creating an enabling environment in a limited place. This paper reviews the commonly used strategies to build effective clusters and industrial parks. Clusters and industrial parks are location specific. Because they have an informational advantage, local governments are in a better position than the central government to identify and solve the bottlenecks that affect clusters and industrial parks. As clusters and industrial parks evolve, new bottlenecks emerge, thereby requiring new solutions. This in turns calls for continuous tinkering by local governments. It is important to place local governments and business communities in the driver’s seat of local economic growth so that they can watch out for and adjust to the bumps in the road ahead.
Author : Célestin Monga,Justin Yifu Lin
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 741 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-14
Category : Economic development
ISBN : 9780198793847
The Oxford Handbook of Structural Transformation addresses the economics of structural transformation around the world. It deals with major themes, which include history and context, critical issues and concepts, methodological foundations, main theoretical approaches, policy issues, some illuminating country experiences of structural transformation, and important debates on the respective roles of the market and the state in that process. The historical record provides a challenge for economists to understand the success of the rising economic powers (some of them initially considered unlikely candidates for prosperity) and the stagnation or decline of others. Five major questions emerge: DT Why has so much divergence occurred among nations of the world since the Industrial Revolution, and particularly during the 20th century? DT Why has the pattern changed recently with the emergence of a few developing economies (e.g. the multi-polar world), and can it be sustained? DT What are the key drivers, strategies, and policies, to foster structural transformation in various different country contexts and in a constantly evolving global economy? DT How could low- and middle-income countries avoid development traps and learn from past experiences whilst exploiting the new opportunities offered by the Fourth Industrial Revolution? DT What is the role of various development stakeholders and other important players in facilitating sustained economic convergence among nations? This book addresses these questions, bringing the rigor, usefulness, and multi-disciplinary scope of the Oxford Handbook series to a critical topic in economics. The Oxford Handbook of Structural Transformation is an essential reference work and a stimulus to new research and creativity across all branches of the social sciences.
Author : Zhu Yingming
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2009-10-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1420089196
Taking a close look at the national economic system of China, this book defines industrial clusters, then summarizes their measurement indices and identifies their methods. The author identifies 11 industrial clusters and analyses their structural relationships. He studies the relationships between structures and characters of industrial clusters using the relationship between topological indices and total outputs of industrial clusters. Using a series of economic indices, the book analyses scale distribution, functional type, technologic economic structure relationship, and technologic economic beneficial result. Focal points, cut-in points, and paths of industrial cluster policies round out the coverage.
Author : Keijiro Otsuka,Takashi Shiraishi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317909446
Why does a huge income gap still exist between developed and developing countries? Plausible causes on the surface may be the difference in technology, the quality of human resources, and economic institutions, but on the deeper level the gap reflects the success and failure of state building which is vital for economic development. This book provides cutting-edge knowledge on state building, economic development, and democratization based on case studies of Japan, ASEAN, South Asia, and selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The book examines the interaction between land policies and the state building in sub-Saharan Africa. It also pays special attention to corruption, which affects the relationship between the state and the development, and decentralization, which exerts influences on the contentious politics. Finally, the book also sheds new light on the failure and success of industrial policies based on a literature review and a case study of the rapidly growing pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh. This book is one of the few studies which squarely addresses state building and economic development, and will be of use to those interested in this subject, development practitioners, and policymakers in developing countries.
Author : Abdelaziz, Fatma,Ellis, Mia,Zhang, Xiaobo
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 51 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Based on field visits, structured interviews, and reviews of the literature and secondary data, we examine major challenges facing the leather and date clusters in Tunisia. The challenges vary greatly between the clusters. The leather and footwear industry faces a decline in external demand. After the global economic crisis in the late 2000s and the Arab Spring in the early 2010s, the sector lost international competitiveness. To revitalize the sector, policies should be designed to expand markets for leather and footwear. Exploring trade agreement with the US, leveling the tariff rate for intermediate goods and shoes, attracting foreign direct investment, and improving leather quality are among potential policy options. Implementing these policies will require coordination among different government agencies and private sector stakeholders. Besides demand challenges, lack of water treatment also is a major challenge facing tanneries across Tunisia. The international demand for Tunisian dates has been very strong. Most of the major challenges are on the supply side, such as value chain coordination, inadequate water supply, labor shortages, diseases, lack of new varieties, and limited value addition. The supply-side policy options include diversifying varieties and expanding into date derivative and palm waste products, promoting labor-saving mechanization and water-saving irrigation technologies, and improving coordination along the value chain.
Author : Hinh T. Dinh,Thomas G. Rawski,Ali Zafar,Lihong Wang,Eleonora Mavroeidi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 555 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821399897
Tales from the Development Frontier presents analytical reviews and case studies that show how selected countries have developed light manufacturing to create jobs and foster prosperity. The focus is on China, a current powerhouse in light manufacturing, but the volume also analyzes a selection of countries in Africa and Asia.
Author : Valentina De Marchi,Eleonora Di Maria,Gary Gereffi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351724005
The international fragmentation of economic activities – from research and design to production and marketing – described through the lens of the global value chain (GVC) approach impacts the structure and performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) agglomerated in economic clusters. The consolidation of GVCs ruled by global lead firms and the recession of 2008-09 exacerbated the pressures on cluster actors that based their competitive advantage on local systems, spurring an increasing heterogeneity, both across and within clusters, that is still overlooked in the literature. Drawing on detailed studies of different industries and countries, Local Clusters in Global Value Chains shows the co-evolutionary trajectories of clusters and GVCs, and the role of firms and their strategies in organizing manufacturing and innovation activities in the context of ongoing technological shifts. The book explores the tension between place-based variables and global drivers of change, and the possibility for territories containing such clusters to prosper in the new global scenario. By adopting insights from the GVC framework and management studies, the book discusses how the internationalization strategies of firms create opportunities as well as constraints for adaptive upgrading in clusters. This book is of interest to both researchers and policy-makers who are interested in the dynamic sources of competitive advantage in the global economy.
Author : Jonna P. Estudillo,Yoko Kijima,Tetsushi Sonobe
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : 9789811955426
This Open Access book explores the multifaceted nature of agricultural and rural development in Asia and examines the extent to which the Asian experience is being replicated in contemporary Africa. This volume compiles the works of top scholars who provided analyses and evidences from household-level surveys collected for many years in several parts of Asia and Africa. The most important finding presented in this book is that African agricultural development has evolved following the pathways of Asian agricultural development. The common pathways are borrowed technology from abroad and adaptive research in rice farming; secured property rights on natural resources; adoption of ICTs; investments in human capital, including training; and launching of the high-value agriculture. In both continents, agricultural development started in the crop sector, which had a strong tendency to induce the dynamic development of other sectors in rural areas. [Resumen de la editorial]
Author : Victor Nee,Sonja Opper
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012-06-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780674065390
Over 630 million Chinese escaped poverty since the 1980s, the largest decrease in poverty in history. Studying 700 manufacturing firms in the Yangzi region, the authors argue that the engine of China’s economic miracle—private enterprise—did not originate at the top but bubbled up from below, overcoming initial obstacles set up by the government.
Author : Hinh T. Dinh,Vincent Palmade,Vandana Chandra,Frances Cossar
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012-02-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821389744
This book argues that light manufacturing can offer a viable solution for Sub-Saharan Africa, given potential competitiveness based on low wage costs and an abundance of natural resources that supply raw materials needed for industries.
Author : Ogechi Adeola
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2020-12-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781839090332
This book examines an indigenous Africa-centric business model practised by the Igbos of south-eastern Nigeria for decades. The unique framework and rules of operation, collectively referred to as the Igbo-Traditional Business School (I-TBS) in this book, is underpinned by the ‘Igba-boi’ apprenticeship.
