Cocoa Production And Processing Technology

Author : Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2014-02-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781466598232

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Cocoa Production and Processing Technology by Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa Pdf

One of the largest food commodities exported from the developing countries to the rest of the world, cocoa has gained increasing attention on the global market—raising many questions about its quality, sustainability and traceability. Cocoa Production and Processing Technology presents detailed explanations of the technologies that could be employed to assure sustainable production of high-quality and safe cocoa beans for the global confectionary industry. It provides overviews of up-to-date technologies and approaches to modern cocoa production practices, global production and consumption trends as well as principles of cocoa processing and chocolate manufacture. The book covers the origin, history and taxonomy of cocoa, and examines the fairtrade and organic cocoa industries and their influence on smallholder farmers. The chapters provide in-depth coverage of cocoa cultivation, harvesting and post-harvest treatments with a focus on cocoa bean composition, genotypic variations and their influence on quality, post-harvest pre-treatments, fermentation techniques, drying, storage and transportation. The author provides details on cocoa fermentation processes as well as the biochemical and microbiological changes involved and how they influence flavour. He also addresses cocoa trading systems, bean selection and quality criteria, as well as industrial processing of fermented and dried cocoa beans into liquor, cake, butter and powder. The book examines the general principles of chocolate manufacture, detailing the various stages of the processes involved, the factors that influence the quality characteristics and strategies to avoid post-processing quality defects. This volume presents innovative techniques for sustainability and traceability in high-quality cocoa production and explores new product development with potential for cost reduction as well as improved cocoa bean and chocolate product quality.

Author : Raj Patil
Publisher : Scitus Academics LLC
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Cocoa
ISBN : 1681170299

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Cocoa Production and Processing Technology by Raj Patil Pdf

This book presents innovative techniques for sustainability and traceability in high-quality cocoa production and explores new product development with potential for cost reduction as well as improved cocoa bean and chocolate product quality. Cocoa trees resemble English apple trees. They grow best under the canopy of tropical rainforests, seldom reaching more than 7.5 metres (25 feet) high. To flourish they need to be shaded from direct sun and wind, particularly in the early growth stages.

Author : Edoh Adabe, K.,Ngo-Samnick L.
Publisher : CTA
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789290815662

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Cocoa by Edoh Adabe, K.,Ngo-Samnick L. Pdf

A highly nutritious crop, cocoa constitutes a significant source of income for small-scale producers. Attractively presented, with full-colour illustrations, tables and step-by-step guides, the text clearly sets out the procedure to start growing cocoa. In addition to recommending a technical schedule for the production of cocoa plants, the guide stresses the importance of phytosanitary protection and post-harvest operations. Useful advice and economic information on the sector is also given in later chapters.

Author : Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2011-08-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781444357332

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Chocolate Science and Technology by Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa Pdf

This book provides an overview of the science and technology of chocolate manufacture from cocoa production, through the manufacturing processes, to the sensory, nutrition and health aspects of chocolate consumption. It covers cocoa cultivation and production with special attention paid to cocoa bean composition, genotypic variations in the bean, post-harvest pre-treatments, fermentation and drying processes, and the biochemical basis of these operations. The scientific principles behind industrial chocolate manufacture are outlined with detailed explanations of the various stages of chocolate manufacturing including mixing, refining, conching and tempering. Other topics covered include the chemistry of flavour formation and development during cocoa processing and chocolate manufacture; volatile flavour compounds and their characteristics and identification; sensory descriptions and character; and flavour release and perception in chocolate. The nutritional and health benefits of cocoa and chocolate consumption are also addressed. There is a focus throughout on those factors that influence the flavour and quality characteristics of the finished chocolate and that provide scope for process optimization and improvement. The book is designed to be a desk reference for all those engaged in the business of making and using chocolate worldwide; confectionery and chocolate scientists in industry and academia; students and practising food scientists and technologists; nutritionists and other health professionals; and libraries of institutions where food science is studied and researched. an overview of the science behind chocolate manufacture covers the whole process from cocoa production, through manufacturing, to the nutrition and health aspects of chocolate consumption focuses on factors that influence chocolate flavour and quality, and that provide scope for process optimization and improvement.

Author : Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2014-02-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781466598249

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Cocoa Production and Processing Technology by Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa Pdf

One of the largest food commodities exported from the developing countries to the rest of the world, cocoa has gained increasing attention on the global market-raising many questions about its quality, sustainability and traceability. Cocoa Production and Processing Technology presents detailed explanations of the technologies that could be employe

Author : Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 777 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016-05-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118913772

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Chocolate Science and Technology by Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa Pdf

This second edition provides information on recent advances in the science and technology of chocolate manufacture and the entire international cocoa industry. It provides detailed review on a wide range of topics including cocoa production, cocoa and chocolate manufacturing operations, sensory perception of chocolate quality, flavour release and perception, sugar replacement and alternative sweetening solutions in chocolate production, industrial manufacture of sugar-free chocolates as well as the nutrition and health benefits of cocoa and chocolate consumption. The topics cover modern cocoa cultivation and production practices with special attention on cocoa bean composition, genotypic variations in the bean, post-harvest pre-treatments, fermentation and drying processes, and the biochemical basis of these operations. The scientific principles behind industrial chocolate manufacture are outlined with detailed explanations of the various stages of chocolate manufacturing including mixing, refining, conching and tempering. Other topics covered include the chemistry of flavour formation and development during cocoa processing and chocolate manufacture; volatile flavour compounds and their characteristics and identification; sensory descriptions and character; and flavour release and perception in chocolate. The nutritional and health benefits of cocoa and chocolate consumption as well as the application of HACCP and other food safety management systems such as ISO 22,000 in the chocolate processing industry are also addressed. Additionally, detailed research on the influence of different raw materials and processing operations on the flavour and other quality characteristics of chocolates have been provided with scope for process optimization and improvement. The book is intended to be a desk reference for all those engaged in the business of making and using chocolate worldwide; confectionery and chocolate scientists in industry and academia; students and practising food scientists and technologists; nutritionists and other health professionals; and libraries of institutions where agriculture, food science and nutrition is studied and researched.

Author : Rocio Campos-Vega,B. Dave Oomah,Hayde Azeneth Vergara-Castaneda
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2020-02-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119534105

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Food Wastes and By-products by Rocio Campos-Vega,B. Dave Oomah,Hayde Azeneth Vergara-Castaneda Pdf

A complete guide to the evolving methods by which we may recover by-products and significantly reduce food waste Across the globe, one third of cereals and almost half of all fruits and vegetables go to waste. The cost of such waste – both to economies and to the environment – is a serious and increasing concern within the food industry. If we are to overcome this crisis and move towards a sustainable future, we must do everything possible to utilize innovative new methods of extracting and processing valuable by-products of all kinds. Food Wastes and By-products represents a complete primer to this important and complex process. Edited and written by leading researchers, the text provides essential information on the supply of waste and its composition, identifies foods rich in valuable bioactive compounds, and explores revolutionary methods for creating by-products from fruit, vegetable, and seed waste. Other chapters discuss the nutraceutical properties of value-added by-products and their uses in the manufacturing of dietary fibers, food flavors, supplements, pectin, and more. This book: Explains how reconstituted by-products can best be used to radically reduce food waste Discusses the potential nutraceutical assets of recovered food waste Covers a broad range of by-product sources, such as mangos, cacao, flaxseed, and spent coffee grounds Describes novel extraction processes and the emerging use of nanotechnology A significant contribution to the field, Food Wastes and By-products is a timely and essential resource for food industry professionals, government agencies and NGOs involved in nutrition, agriculture, and food production, and university instructors and students in related areas.

Author : Victor R. Preedy
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 724 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780124047099

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Processing and Impact on Active Components in Food by Victor R. Preedy Pdf

From beef to baked goods, fish to flour, antioxidants are added to preserve the shelf life of foods and ensure consumer acceptability. These production-added components may also contribute to the overall availability of essential nutrients for intake as well as the prevention of the development of unwelcome product characteristics such as off-flavours or colours. However, there are processes that reduce the amount of naturally occurring antioxidants and awareness of that potential is just as important for those in product research and development. There is a practical need to understand not only the physiological importance of antioxidants in terms of consumer health benefit, but how they may be damaged or enhanced through the processing and packaging phases. This book presents information key to understanding how antioxidants change during production of a wide variety of food products, with a focus toward how this understanding may be translated effectively to other foods as well. Addresses how the composition of food is altered, the analytical techniques used, and the applications to other foods Presents in-chapter summary points and other translational insights into concepts, techniques, findings and approaches to processing of other foods Explores advances in analytical and methodological science within each chapter

Author : Robin Dand
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2010-12-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780857091260

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The International Cocoa Trade by Robin Dand Pdf

‘An overview of the history of cocoa, the factors affecting its production and consumption as well as how the trade is conducted, various risks mitigated, and by whom. ...The International Cocoa Trade is a work designed to inform all on the subject of cocoa and an essential guide for those involved in its trade.’ Dr J. Vingerhoets, Executive Director, ICCO Cocoa is a valuable commodity, and the cocoa trade involves many different parties from growers and exporters through dealers and factories to those trading futures and options and the banks they deal with. The International Cocoa Trade provides an authoritative and comprehensive review of the cocoa trade at the beginning of the twenty-first century, and the main factors that drive and affect that business. The opening chapter of the third edition examines the history and origins of the international cocoa trade, and its recent developments. The agronomics of cocoa production are discussed in chapter two whilst chapter three deals with the environmental and practical factors affecting cocoa production. Chapters four, five and six cover issues around the export and trading of physical cocoa, including the actuals market, the physical contracts used and the futures and options markets. In chapter seven, the international consumption and stocks of cocoa are reviewed with chapter eight discussing the issue of quality assessment of cocoa beans for international trade. Finally, chapter nine focuses on the end product, examining the processing of cocoa beans and the manufacture of chocolate. Updated appendices provide copies of some of the most important documents used in the cocoa trade, including contracts, sale rules and world production statistics. This comprehensively updated third edition of The International Cocoa Trade ensures its continued status as the standard reference for all those involved in the production consumption and international trading of cocoa. Provides an authoritative and comprehensive review of the cocoa trade at the beginning of the twenty-first century, and the main factors that drive and affect that business Examines the history and origins of the international cocoa trade, and its recent developments featuring a discussion of environmental and practical factors affecting cocoa production Explores issues concerning the export and trading of physical cocoa, including the actuals market, the physical contracts used and the futures and options markets

Author : Bernard Minifie
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 899 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401179249

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Chocolate, Cocoa and Confectionery: Science and Technology by Bernard Minifie Pdf

The second edition of this book achieved worldwide recognition within the chocolate and confectionery industry. I was pressed to prepare the third edition to include modern developments in machinery, production, and packaging. This has been a formidable task and has taken longer than anticipated. Students still require, in one book, descriptions of the fundamental principles of the industry as well as an insight into modern methods. Therefore, parts of the previous edition describing basic technology have been retained, with minor alterations where necessary. With over fifty years' experience in the industry and the past eighteen years working as an author, lecturer, and consultant, I have collected a great deal of useful information. Visits to trade exhibitions and to manufacturers of raw materials and machinery in many parts of the world have been very valuable. Much research and reading have been necessary to prepare for teaching and lecturing at various colleges, seminars, and manufacturing establishments. The third edition is still mainly concerned with science, technology, and production. It is not a book of formulations, which are readily available elsewhere. Formulations without knowledge of principles lead to many errors, and recipes are given only where examples are necessary. _ Analytical methods are described only when they are not available in textbooks, of which there are many on standard methods of food analysis. Acknowledgments I am still indebted to many of the persons mentioned under "Acknowledgments" in the second edition. I am especially grateful to the following.

Author : Steve T. Beckett,Mark S. Fowler,Gregory R. Ziegler
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 806 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118780145

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Beckett's Industrial Chocolate Manufacture and Use by Steve T. Beckett,Mark S. Fowler,Gregory R. Ziegler Pdf

Since the publication of the first edition of Industrial Chocolate Manufacture and Use in 1988, it has become the leading technical book for the industry. From the beginning it was recognised that the complexity of the chocolate industry means that no single person can be an expert in every aspect of it. For example, the academic view of a process such as crystallisation can be very different from that of a tempering machine operator, so some topics have more than one chapter to take this into account. It is also known that the biggest selling chocolate, in say the USA, tastes very different from that in the UK, so the authors in the book were chosen from a wide variety of countries making the book truly international. Each new edition is a mixture of updates, rewrites and new topics. In this book the new subjects include artisan or craft scale production, compound chocolates and sensory. This book is an essential purchase for all those involved in the manufacture, use and sale of chocolate containing products, especially for confectionery and chocolate scientists, engineers and technologists working both in industry and academia. The new edition also boasts two new co-editors, Mark Fowler and Greg Ziegler, both of whom have contributed chapters to previous editions of the book. Mark Fowler has had a long career at Nestle UK, working in Cocoa and Chocolate research and development – he is retiring in 2013. Greg Ziegler is a professor in the food science department at Penn State University in the USA.

Author : Rosane F. Schwan,Graham H. Fleet
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 638 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2014-10-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781040053317

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Cocoa and Coffee Fermentations by Rosane F. Schwan,Graham H. Fleet Pdf

This is the first book to focus on the scientific principles underlying the fermentation processes of cocoa and coffee beans and their impact on product quality and safety. The text compiles the knowledge from the different disciplines involved in fermentation, including botany, chemistry, microbiology, biochemistry, food science, and sensory science. The chapters discuss the botanics of the beans; fermentation methods; the microbiology of fermentation; the biochemistry and physiology of fermentation; the impacts of fermentation on bean flavor, quality, and safety; chocolate and coffee derived from the beans; and the processing of waste materials.

Author : Leon Russell Cook
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1963
Category : Chocolate
ISBN : STANFORD:20501359099

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Chocolate Production and Use by Leon Russell Cook Pdf

Author : S. T. Beckett
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461521112

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Industrial Chocolate Manufacture and Use by S. T. Beckett Pdf

Author : Elevina Pèrez Sira
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Cocoa
ISBN : 1536134562

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The Uses of Cocoa and Cupuaçu Byproducts in Industry, Health, and Gastronomy by Elevina Pèrez Sira Pdf

This book compiles technical, chemical and nutritional information in regards to the main species of the Theobroma genus, T. cacao and T. grandiflorum. The use of Theobroma cacao processing residues (pod and bean husks) as organic fertilizers, ingredients for animal feeding, sources of enzymes, fiber, hydrocolloids, and antioxidants, industrial biosorbents, and polymers for foams to formulate culture media, such as alkalis for soap production and as phenylalanine-free ingredients are discussed. T. cacao and T. grandiflorum phytochemical composition changes during processing and its importance on consumer health is stressed in order to contribute to clarify phytochemical function, their chemical structure, and how post-harvest processing could change them. The innovative use of chocolate as a carrier of encapsulated probiotics is also discussed. The development and application of the micro-encapsulation to increase the resistance of probiotic strains in chocolate-based matrices, uses of the main probiotic strains in the production of chocolates and derivatives, research involving the incorporation of probiotics in chocolates, and related products and symbiotic chocolates and future prospects in this area are all emphsized. The correlation between the consumption of cocoa and chocolate and human health is stressed, and experimental studies that have pointed out the beneficial effects of cocoa and dark chocolate consumption are compiled and discussed. This book reports research that clearly demonstrates that cocoa components have an important antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and photo-protective role in pathologies (cognitive impairment, inflammatory bowel disease, dental health, skin photo-protection, and cancer) in which inflammation is one of the main features. Byproducts from the Theobroma genus are without a doubt one of the main ingredients in the gastronomic and food styling area. This book compiles recipes of both salty and sweet cuisine, as well as beverages prepared with ingredients from T. cacao and T. grandiflorum. The recipes are detailed with their correspondent nutritional information. This research shows that the versatility of products from Theobroma cacao and Theobroma grandiflorum are traditional, yet contemporary in a variety of beautiful and fancy dishes in gourmet cuisine.