Coerced Confessions

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Coerced Confessions

Susan Berk-Seligson
Coerced Confessions Book PDF

Author : Susan Berk-Seligson
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110213485

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Coerced Confessions by Susan Berk-Seligson Pdf

The book presents a discourse analysis of police interrogations involving U.S. Hispanic suspects accused of crimes. The study is unique in that it concentrates on interrogations involving suspects whose first language is not English and police officers who have a rudimentary knowledge of Spanish. It examines the pitfalls of using police officers as interpreters at custodial interrogations. Using an interactional sociolinguistic discourse analytical approach, the book offers a microlinguistic examination of interrogations involving persons accused of murder, child molestation, and kidnapping. Communication difficulties are shown to arise from suspects' limited proficiency in English and police officers' equally limited proficiency in Spanish, coupled with the unwillingness of these officers to remain in interpreter footing. The volume demonstrates how pidginization and asymmetrical communicative accommodation can emerge in such situations of highly unequal power relations. It also demonstrates how cultural factors such as acquiescence to interlocutors of greater authority and higher socioeconomic status can lead persons of certain Latin American backgrounds to engage in "gratuitous concurrence", answering "yes" to police questions even when it is clear that that these yes-tokens are not truly affirmative responses to those questions. In addition, the book provides evidence of the kinds of abuse that can result from police interrogations that are not electronically recorded. Coerced Confessions reviews appellate cases involving police interpreters spanning a thirty-four-year period, and concludes that the Miranda rights are placed in jeopardy when a police officer is assigned the role of interpreter at a custodial interrogation.

The Psychology of False Confessions

Gisli H. Gudjonsson
The Psychology of False Confessions Book PDF

Author : Gisli H. Gudjonsson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-23
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781119315674

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The Psychology of False Confessions by Gisli H. Gudjonsson Pdf

Provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the development of the science behind the psychology of false confessions Four decades ago, little was known or understood about false confessions and the reasons behind them. So much has changed since then due in part to the diligent work done by Gisli H. Gudjonsson. This eye-opening book by the Icelandic/British clinical forensic psychologist, who in the mid 1970s had worked as detective in Reykjavik, offers a complete and current analysis of how the study of the psychology of false confessions came about, including the relevant theories and empirical/experimental evidence base. It also provides a reflective review of the gradual development of the science and how it can be applied to real life cases. Based on Gudjonsson’s personal account of the biggest murder investigations in Iceland’s history, as well as other landmark cases, The Psychology of False Confessions: Forty Years of Science and Practice takes readers inside the minds of those who sit on both sides of the interrogation table to examine why confessions to crimes occur even when the confessor is innocent. Presented in three parts, the book covers how the science of studying false confessions emerged and grew to become a regular field of practice. It then goes deep into the investigation of the mid-1970s assumed murders of two men in Iceland and the people held responsible for them. It finishes with an in-depth psychological analysis of the confessions of the six people convicted. Written by an expert extensively involved in the development of the science and its application to real life cases Covers the most sensational murder cases in Iceland’s history Deep analysis of the ‘Reykjavik Confessions’ adds crucial evidence to understanding how and why coerced-internalized false confessions occur, and their detrimental and lasting effects on memory The Psychology of False Confessions: Forty Years of Science and Practice is an important source book for students, academics, criminologists, and clinical, forensic, and social psychologists and psychiatrists.

The Psychology and Law of Criminal Justice Processes

Roger J. R. Levesque
The Psychology and Law of Criminal Justice Processes Book PDF

Author : Roger J. R. Levesque
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 746 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Law
ISBN : 1594543127

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The Psychology and Law of Criminal Justice Processes by Roger J. R. Levesque Pdf

Psychological science now reveals much about the law's response to crime. This is the first text to bridge both fields as it presents psychological research and theory relevant to each phase of criminal justice processes. The materials are divided into three parts that follow a comprehensive introduction. The introduction analyses the major legal themes and values that guide criminal justice processes and points to the many psychological issues they raise. Part I examines how the legal system investigates and apprehends criminal suspects. Topics range from the identification, searching and seizing to the questioning of suspects. Part II focuses on how the legal system establishes guilt. To do so, it centres on the process of bargaining and pleading cases, assembling juries, providing expert witnesses, and considering defendants' mental states. Part III focuses on the disposition of cases. Namely, that part highlights the process of sentencing defendants, predicting criminal tendencies, treating and controlling offenders, and determining eligibility for such extreme punishments as the death penalty. The format seeks to give readers a feeling for the entire criminal justice process and for the role psychological science has and can play in it.

Troubling Confessions

Peter Brooks
Troubling Confessions Book PDF

Author : Peter Brooks
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780226075860

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Troubling Confessions by Peter Brooks Pdf

In Troubling Confessions, Peter Brooks juxtaposes law and literature to explore the kinds of truth we associate with confessions, and why we both rely on them and regard them with suspicion. For centuries the law has considered confession to be "the queen of proofs," but it has also seen a need to regulate confessions and the circumstances under which they are made, as evidenced in the continuing debate over the Miranda decision. Western culture has made confessional speech a prime measure of authenticity, seeing it as an expression of selfhood that bears witness to personal truth. Yet the urge to confess may be motivated by inextricable layers of shame, guilt, self-loathing, and the desire to propitiate figures of authority. Literature has often understood the problematic nature of confession better than the law, as Brooks demonstrates in perceptive readings of legal cases set against works by Roussean, Dostoevsky, Joyce, and Camus, among others

Interrogations, Confessions, and Entrapment

G. Daniel Lassiter
Interrogations Confessions and Entrapment Book PDF

Author : G. Daniel Lassiter
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2006-07-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0387331514

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Interrogations, Confessions, and Entrapment by G. Daniel Lassiter Pdf

Coerced confessions have long been a staple of TV crime dramas, and have also been the subject of recent news stories. The complexity of such situations, however, is rarely explored even in the scientific literature. Now in softcover, Interrogations, Confessions, and Entrapment remains one of the best syntheses of the scientific, legal, and ethical findings in this area, uncovering subtle yet powerful forces that often compromise the integrity of the criminal justice system. Editor G. Daniel Lassiter identifies the exposure of psychological coercion as an emerging frontier in legal psychology, citing its roots in the "third degree" approach of former times, and noting that its techniques carry little scientific validity. A team of psychologists, criminologists, and legal scholars asks—and goes a long way toward answering—important questions such as: - What forms of psychological coercion are involved in interrogation? - Are some people more susceptible to falsely confessing than others? - What are the effects of psychological manipulation on innocent suspects? - Are coercive tactics ever justified with minors? - Can jurors recognize psychological coercion and unreliable confessions? - Can entrapment techniques encourage people to commit crimes? - What steps can law enforcement take to minimize coercion? Throughout this progressive volume, readers will find important research-based ideas for educating the courts, changing policy, and implementing reform, from improving police interrogation skills to better methods of evaluating confession evidence. For the expert witness, legal consultant, or student of forensic psychology, this is material whose relevance will only increase with time.

The Psychology of Interrogations and Confessions

Gisli H. Gudjonsson
The Psychology of Interrogations and Confessions Book PDF

Author : Gisli H. Gudjonsson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2003-05-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780470857946

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The Psychology of Interrogations and Confessions by Gisli H. Gudjonsson Pdf

This volume, a sequel to The Psychology of Interrogations, Confessions and Testimony which is widely acclaimed by both scientists and practitioners, brings the field completely up-to-date and focuses in particular on aspects of vulnerability, confabulation and false confessions. The is an unrivalled integration of scientific knowledge of the psychological processes and research relating to interrogation, with the practical investigative and legal issues that bear upon obtaining, and using in court, evidence from interrogations of suspects. * Accessible style which will appeal to academics, students and practitioners * Authoritative integration of theory, research, practical implications and vivid case illustration * Coverage of topical issues like confabulation, false memory, and false confessions Part of the Wiley Series in The Psychology of Crime, Policing and Law

The Encyclopedia of American Civil Liberties

Paul Finkelman
The Encyclopedia of American Civil Liberties Book PDF

Author : Paul Finkelman
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 2076 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Civil rights
ISBN : 9780415943420

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The Encyclopedia of American Civil Liberties by Paul Finkelman Pdf

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Innocent Until Interrogated

Gary L. Stuart
Innocent Until Interrogated Book PDF

Author : Gary L. Stuart
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2010-09-15
Category : True Crime
ISBN : 9780816529247

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Innocent Until Interrogated by Gary L. Stuart Pdf

Recounts the events surrounding the murders of nine Buddhist temple members near Phoenix, Arizona, and the arrest of four men known as "The Tucson Four" who were coerced into confessing and held despite there being no physical evidence to connect them tothe crime, and discusses how the suspects were treated by the media, even after the real killers were discovered.

The SAGE Encyclopedia of Criminal Psychology

Robert D. Morgan
The SAGE Encyclopedia of Criminal Psychology Book PDF

Author : Robert D. Morgan
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 4424 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781506353364

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The SAGE Encyclopedia of Criminal Psychology by Robert D. Morgan Pdf

The SAGE Encyclopedia of Criminal Psychology will be a modern, interdisciplinary resource aimed at students and professionals interested in the intersection of psychology (e.g., social, forensic, clinical), criminal justice, sociology, and criminology. The interdisciplinary study of human behavior in legal contexts includes numerous topics on criminal behavior, criminal justice policies and legal process, crime detection and prevention, eyewitness identification, prison life, offender assessment and rehabilitation, risk assessment and management, offender mental health, community reintegration, and juvenile offending. The study of these topics has been increasing continually since the late 1800s, with people trained in many legal professions such as policing, social work, law, academia, mental health, and corrections. This will be a comprehensive work that will provide the most current empirical information on those topics of greatest concern to students who desire to work in these fields. This encyclopedia is a unique reference work that looks at criminal behavior primarily through a scientific lens. With over 500 entries the book brings together top empirically driven researchers and clinicians across multiple fields—psychology, criminology, social work, and sociology—to explore the field.

The Miranda Debate

Richard A. Leo,George Conner Thomas
The Miranda Debate Book PDF

Author : Richard A. Leo,George Conner Thomas
Publisher : UPNE
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : History
ISBN : 1555533388

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The Miranda Debate by Richard A. Leo,George Conner Thomas Pdf

New in paperback. An in-depth collection of key writings on the Supreme Court's controversial 1966 ruling in Miranda v. Arizona, a decision that remains at the forefront of today's debate about defendants' constitutional rights, victims' rights, and crime control.

Anatomy of a False Confession

Michael D. Cicchini, JD
Anatomy of a False Confession Book PDF

Author : Michael D. Cicchini, JD
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-29
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781538117163

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Anatomy of a False Confession by Michael D. Cicchini, JD Pdf

Anatomy of a False Confession goes inside the interrogation room and explains how government agents got Brendan Dassey to falsely confess to murder; how the prosecutor used that confession to win a conviction; why the conviction was reversed (and why the reversal was later reversed); and how the law should be reformed to avoid future injustices.

Police Interrogation and American Justice

Richard A. Leo
Police Interrogation and American Justice Book PDF

Author : Richard A. Leo
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2009-09-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780674035317

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Police Interrogation and American Justice by Richard A. Leo Pdf

"Read him his rights." We all recognize this line from cop dramas. But what happens afterward? In this book, Leo sheds light on a little-known corner of our criminal justice system--the police interrogation. An important study of the criminal justice system, this book provides interesting answers and raises some unsettling questions.

The Science of False Memory

C. J. Brainerd,V. F. Reyna
The Science of False Memory Book PDF

Author : C. J. Brainerd,V. F. Reyna
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 578 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2005-05-05
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0198035047

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The Science of False Memory by C. J. Brainerd,V. F. Reyna Pdf

Findings from research on false memory have major implications for a number of fields central to human welfare, such as medicine and law. Although many important conclusions have been reached after a decade or so of intensive research, the majority of them are not well known outside the immediate field. To make this research accessible to a much wider audience, The Science of False Memory has been written to require little or no background knowledge of the theory and techniques used in memory research. Brainerd and Reyna introduce the volume by considering the progenitors to the modern science of false memory, and noting the remarkable degree to which core themes of contemporary research were anticipated by historical figure such as Binet, Piaget, and Bartlett. They continue with an account of the varied methods that have been used to study false memory both inside and outside of the laboratory. The first part of the volume focuses on the basic science of false memory, revolving around three topics: old and new theoretical ideas that have been used to explain false memory and make predictions about it; research findings and predictions about false memory in normal adults; and research findings and predictions about age-related changes in false memory between early childhood and adulthood. Throughout Part I, Brainerd and Reyna emphasize how current opponent-processes conceptions of false memory act as a unifying influence by integrating predictions and data across disparate forms of false memory. The second part focuses on the applied science of false memory, revolving around four topics: the falsifiability of witnesses and suspects memories of crimes, including false confessions by suspects; the falsifiability of eyewitness identifications of suspects; false-memory reports in investigative interviews of child victims and witnesses, particularly in connection with sexual-abuse crimes; false memory in psychotherapy, including recovered memories of childhood abuse, multiple-personality disorders, and recovered memories of previous lives. Although Part II is concerned with applied research, Brainerd and Reyna continue to emphasize the unifying influence of opponent-processes conceptions of false memory. The third part focuses on emerging trends, revolving around three expanding areas of false-memory research: mathematical models, aging effects, and cognitive neuroscience. False Memory will be an invaluable resource for professional researchers, practitioners, and students in the many fields for which false-memory research has implications, including child-protective services, clinical psychology, law, criminal justice, elementary and secondary education, general medicine, journalism, and psychiatry.

Police Interrogations and False Confessions

G. Daniel Lassiter,Christian A. Meissner
Police Interrogations and False Confessions Book PDF

Author : G. Daniel Lassiter,Christian A. Meissner
Publisher : American Psychological Association (APA)
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Confession (Law)
ISBN : 1433807432

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Police Interrogations and False Confessions by G. Daniel Lassiter,Christian A. Meissner Pdf

Although it is generally believed that wrongful convictions based on false confessions are relatively rare - the 1989 Central Park jogger 'wilding' case being the most notorious example - recent exonerations of the innocent through DNA testing are increasing at a rate that few in the criminal justice system might have speculated. Because of the growing realization of the false confession phenomenon, psychologists, sociologists, and legal/law-enforcement scholars and practitioners have begun to examine the factors embedded in American criminal investigations and interrogations that may lead innocent people to implicate themselves in crimes they did not commit. ""Police Interrogations and False Confessions"" brings together a group of renowned scholars and practitioners in the fields of social psychology, cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, criminology, clinical-forensic psychology, and law to examine three salient dimensions of false confessions: interrogation tactics and the problem of false confessions; review of Supreme Court decisions regarding Miranda warnings and custodial interrogations; and new research on juvenile confessions and deception in interrogative interviews. Chapters include well-recognized programs of research on the topics of interrogative interviewing, false confessions, the detection of deception in forensic interviews, individual differences, and clinical-forensic evaluations. The book concludes with policy recommendations to attenuate the institutional and social psychological persistence (and pervasiveness) of the various inducements and impediments that have informed law enforcement's interrogation techniques and the types of false confessions they encourage.

Current Perspectives in Forensic Psychology and Criminal Justice

Curt R. Bartol,Anne M. Bartol
Current Perspectives in Forensic Psychology and Criminal Justice Book PDF

Author : Curt R. Bartol,Anne M. Bartol
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Law
ISBN : 1412925908

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Current Perspectives in Forensic Psychology and Criminal Justice by Curt R. Bartol,Anne M. Bartol Pdf

Current Perspectives in Forensic Psychology and Criminal Justice is a dynamic reader that provides cutting-edge research in police and correctional psychology, the psychology of crime and victimization, and psychology as applied to criminal and civil courts. Addressing key topics in each of three major course areas—criminal behavior, forensic psychology, and psychology and law—the book highlights how forensic psychology has contributed to the understanding of criminal behavior and crime prevention. Editors Curt R. Bartol and Anne M. Bartol have assembled published journal articles, as well as commentaries written specifically for this book by forensics experts, to provide an overview of the wide array of prevalent theories in this field.