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Author : S. Barry Cooper Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 842 pages File Size : 49,6 Mb Release : 2007-06-11 Category : Computers ISBN : 9783540730002
Computation and Logic in the Real World by S. Barry Cooper Pdf
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2007, held in Sienna, Italy, in June 2007. The 50 revised full papers presented together with 36 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 167 submissions.
Computability in Context by S Barry Cooper,Andrea Sorbi Pdf
Computability has played a crucial role in mathematics and computer science, leading to the discovery, understanding and classification of decidable/undecidable problems, paving the way for the modern computer era, and affecting deeply our view of the world. Recent new paradigms of computation, based on biological and physical models, address in a radically new way questions of efficiency and challenge assumptions about the so-called Turing barrier. This volume addresses various aspects of the ways computability and theoretical computer science enable scientists and philosophers to deal with mathematical and real-world issues, covering problems related to logic, mathematics, physical processes, real computation and learning theory. At the same time it will focus on different ways in which computability emerges from the real world, and how this affects our way of thinking about everyday computational issues. Contents:Computation, Information, and the Arrow of Time (P Adriaans & P van Emde Boas)The Isomorphism Conjecture for NP (M Agrawal)The Ershov Hierarchy (M M Arslanov)Complexity and Approximation in Reoptimization (G Ausiello et al.)Definability in the Real Universe (S B Cooper)HF-Computability (Y L Drshov et al.)The Mathematics of Computing Between Logic and Physics (G Longo & T Paul)Liquid State Machines: Motivation, Theory, and Applications (W Maass)Experiments on an Internal Approach to Typed Algorithms in Analysis (D Normann)Recursive Functions: An Archeological Look (P Odifreddi)Reverse Mathematics and Well-Ordering Principles (M Rathjen & A Weiermann)Discrete Transfinite Computation Models (P D Welch) Readership: Researchers in computational mathematics, logic, and theoretical computer science. Keywords:Computability;Logic;Real World;Turing Barrier;Real Computation;Learning Theory
Real World Applications of Computational Intelligence by Mircea Gh. Negoita Pdf
Computational Intelligence (CI) has emerged as a novel and highly diversified paradigm supporting the design, analysis and deployment of intelligent systems. This book presents a careful selection of the field that very well reflects the breadth of the discipline. It covers a range of highly relevant and practical design principles governing the development of intelligent systems in data mining, robotics, bioinformatics, and intelligent tutoring systems. The lucid presentations, coherent organization, breadth and the authoritative coverage of the area make the book highly attractive for everybody interested in the design and analysis of intelligent systems.
Digital And The Real World, The: Computational Foundations Of Mathematics, Science, Technology, And Philosophy by Mainzer Klaus Pdf
In the 21st century, digitalization is a global challenge of mankind. Even for the public, it is obvious that our world is increasingly dominated by powerful algorithms and big data. But, how computable is our world? Some people believe that successful problem solving in science, technology, and economies only depends on fast algorithms and data mining. Chances and risks are often not understood, because the foundations of algorithms and information systems are not studied rigorously. Actually, they are deeply rooted in logics, mathematics, computer science and philosophy. Therefore, this book studies the foundations of mathematics, computer science, and philosophy, in order to guarantee security and reliability of the knowledge by constructive proofs, proof mining and program extraction. We start with the basics of computability theory, proof theory, and information theory. In a second step, we introduce new concepts of information and computing systems, in order to overcome the gap between the digital world of logical programming and the analog world of real computing in mathematics and science. The book also considers consequences for digital and analog physics, computational neuroscience, financial mathematics, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Contents: Introduction Basics of Computability Hierarchies of Computability Constructive Proof Theory Computational Mathematics and Digital Information Systems Intuitionistic Mathematics and Human Creativity Proof Mining bridging Logic, Mathematics, and Computer Science Reverse Mathematics Bridging Logic, Mathematics, and Computer Science From Intuitionistic to Homotopy Type Theory — Bridging Logic, Mathematics, and Computer Science Real Computability and Real Analysis Complexity Theory of Real Computing Real Computing and Neural Networks Complexity of Algorithmic Information Complexity of Information Dynamics Digital and Real Physics Digital and Real Computing in the Social World Philosophical Outlook Readership: Undergraduate and graduate students, scientists and readers who are interested in foundational, interdisciplinary, and philosophical questions of mathematics, computer science, and science in general. Keywords: Computability;Complexity;Constructive Mathematics;Proof Mining;Real Computing;Analog Networks;Information System;Digital PhysicsReview: Key Features: Compact introduction into the foundations of modern mathematics and computer science Bridging the gap between digital, real and analog computing by new concepts of information systems Consequences in natural and social sciences with respect to scientific computing
The Digital and the Real World by Klaus Mainzer Pdf
In the 21st century, digitalization is a global challenge of mankind. Even for the public, it is obvious that our world is increasingly dominated by powerful algorithms and big data. But, how computable is our world? Some people believe that successful problem solving in science, technology, and economies only depends on fast algorithms and data mining. Chances and risks are often not understood, because the foundations of algorithms and information systems are not studied rigorously. Actually, they are deeply rooted in logics, mathematics, computer science and philosophy. Therefore, this book studies the foundations of mathematics, computer science, and philosophy, in order to guarantee security and reliability of the knowledge by constructive proofs, proof mining and program extraction. We start with the basics of computability theory, proof theory, and information theory. In a second step, we introduce new concepts of information and computing systems, in order to overcome the gap between the digital world of logical programming and the analog world of real computing in mathematics and science. The book also considers consequences for digital and analog physics, computational neuroscience, financial mathematics, and the Internet of Things (IoT).
Analysis and Design of Intelligent Systems Using Soft Computing Techniques by Patricia Melin,Oscar Castillo,Eduardo G. Ramírez Pdf
This book comprises a selection of papers on new methods for analysis and design of hybrid intelligent systems using soft computing techniques from the IFSA 2007 World Congress, held in Cancun, Mexico, June 2007.
Technology and Mathematics by Sven Ove Hansson Pdf
This volume is the first extensive study of the historical and philosophical connections between technology and mathematics. Coverage includes the use of mathematics in ancient as well as modern technology, devices and machines for computation, cryptology, mathematics in technological education, the epistemology of computer-mediated proofs, and the relationship between technological and mathematical computability. The book also examines the work of such historical figures as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Charles Babbage, Ada Lovelace, and Alan Turing.
Artificial Intelligence and Computing Logic by Cyrus F. Nourani Pdf
Focusing on the cutting-edge applications of AI cognitive computing from neuromorphic to quantum cognition as applied to AI business analytics, this new volume explores AI’s importance in managing cognitive processes along with ontological modeling concepts for venturing into new business frontiers. The volume presents a selection of significant new accomplishments in the areas of AI cognitive computing ranging from neurocognition perception and decision-making in the human brain—combining neurocognitive techniques and effective computing—to basic facial recognition computing models. Topics include: Agent neurocomputing techniques for facial expression recognition Computing haptic motion and ontology epistemic Characterizations of morph schemas for visual analytics Learning and perceptive computing Functional and structural neuroimaging modeling Observed links between facial recognition and affective emotional processes Interaction of cognitive and emotional processes during social decision-making Neurocognitive processing of emotional facial expressions in individuals Neurocognitive affective system for emotive robot androids Virtual reality-based affect adaptive neuromorphic computing Executive surveys indicate that cognitive adoption is very important in business strategy for success and to remain competitive. Employing cognitive-based processes provides the way to get the right information in the right hands at the right time, which is the key to winning in the digital era and to driving business value that emphasizes competitive differentiation. Several chapters of the volume address the goal of using cognitive technology to improve search capabilities, to provide personalized customer service in business and in health and wellness, and to create better workflow management. Key features: Looks at the newest frontiers on very popular AI and analytics topics Discusses new techniques for visual analytics and data filtering Shows how AI and cognitive science merges with quantum neurocognitive computing Presents ontology models with ontology preservation data filtering techniques Provides a cross-transposition on AI and digitizations for business model innovations Artificial Intelligence and Computing Logic: Cognitive Technology for AI Business Analytics is a valuable resource that informs businesses and other enterprises the value of artificial intelligence and computing logic applications.
Intellectics and Computational Logic by Steffen Hölldobler Pdf
`Intellectics' seeks to understand the functions, structure and operation of the human intellect and to test artificial systems to see the extent to which they can substitute or complement such functions. The word itself was introduced in the early 1980s by Wolfgang Bibel to describe the united fields of artificial intelligence and cognitive science. The book collects papers by distinguished researchers, colleagues and former students of Bibel's, all of whom have worked together with him, and who present their work to him here to mark his 60th birthday. The papers discuss significant issues in intellectics and computational logic, ranging across automated deduction, logic programming, the logic-based approach to intellectics, cognitive robotics, knowledge representation and reasoning. Each paper contains new, previously unpublished, reviewed results. The collection is a state of the art account of the current capabilities and limitations of a computational-logic-based approach to intellectics. Readership: Researchers who are convinced that the intelligent behaviour of machines should be based on a rigid formal treatment of knowledge representation and reasoning.
Real-World Reasoning: Toward Scalable, Uncertain Spatiotemporal, Contextual and Causal Inference by Ben Goertzel,Nil Geisweiller,Lucio Coelho,Predrag Janičić,Cassio Pennachin Pdf
The general problem addressed in this book is a large and important one: how to usefully deal with huge storehouses of complex information about real-world situations. Every one of the major modes of interacting with such storehouses – querying, data mining, data analysis – is addressed by current technologies only in very limited and unsatisfactory ways. The impact of a solution to this problem would be huge and pervasive, as the domains of human pursuit to which such storehouses are acutely relevant is numerous and rapidly growing. Finally, we give a more detailed treatment of one potential solution with this class, based on our prior work with the Probabilistic Logic Networks (PLN) formalism. We show how PLN can be used to carry out realworld reasoning, by means of a number of practical examples of reasoning regarding human activities inreal-world situations.
Soft Computing Approach for Mathematical Modeling of Engineering Problems by Ali Ahmadian,Soheil Salahshour Pdf
This book describes different mathematical modeling and soft computing techniques used to solve practical engineering problems. It gives an overview of the current state of soft computing techniques and describes the advantages and disadvantages of soft computing compared to traditional hard computing techniques. Through examples and case studies, the editors demonstrate and describe how problems with inherent uncertainty can be addressed and eventually solved through the aid of numerical models and methods. The chapters address several applications and examples in bioengineering science, drug delivery, solving inventory issues, Industry 4.0, augmented reality and weather forecasting. Other examples include solving fuzzy-shortest-path problems by introducing a new distance and ranking functions. Because, in practice, problems arise with uncertain data and most of them cannot be solved exactly and easily, the main objective is to develop models that deliver solutions with the aid of numerical methods. This is the reason behind investigating soft numerical computing in dynamic systems. Having this in mind, the authors and editors have considered error of approximation and have discussed several common types of errors and their propagations. Moreover, they have explained the numerical methods, along with convergence and consistence properties and characteristics, as the main objectives behind this book involve considering, discussing and proving related theorems within the setting of soft computing. This book examines dynamic models, and how time is fundamental to the structure of the model and data as well as the understanding of how a process unfolds • Discusses mathematical modeling with soft computing and the implementations of uncertain mathematical models • Examines how uncertain dynamic systems models include uncertain state, uncertain state space and uncertain state’s transition functions • Assists readers to become familiar with many soft numerical methods to simulate the solution function’s behavior This book is intended for system specialists who are interested in dynamic systems that operate at different time scales. The book can be used by engineering students, researchers and professionals in control and finite element fields as well as all engineering, applied mathematics, economics and computer science interested in dynamic and uncertain systems. Ali Ahmadian is a Senior Lecturer at the Institute of IR 4.0, The National University of Malaysia. Soheil Salahshour is an associate professor at Bahcesehir University.
Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems by Jürgen Dix,João Leite Pdf
This book constitutes the strictly refereed post-proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Computational Logic for Multi-Agent Systems, CLIMA IV, held in Fort Lauderdale, Fl, USA in January 2004. The 11 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement. The papers are devoted to techniques from computational logic for representing, programming, and reasoning about multi-agent systems. The papers are organized in topical sections on negotiation in MAS, planning in MAS, knowledge revision and update in MAS, and learning in BDI MAS.
Logic plays an important role in the two areas of computer science - reduction and resolution respectively associated with functional programming and logic programming. This book illustrates that logic is not only a language in which one can accurately state facts or knowledge (as in artificial intelligence) but also that programming itself is a logical activity.
Computational Logic and Human Thinking by Robert Kowalski Pdf
The practical benefits of computational logic need not be limited to mathematics and computing. As this book shows, ordinary people in their everyday lives can profit from the recent advances that have been developed for artificial intelligence. The book draws upon related developments in various fields from philosophy to psychology and law. It pays special attention to the integration of logic with decision theory, and the use of logic to improve the clarity and coherence of communication in natural languages such as English. This book is essential reading for teachers and researchers who may be out of touch with the latest developments in computational logic. It will also be useful in any undergraduate course that teaches practical thinking, problem solving or communication skills. Its informal presentation makes the book accessible to readers from any background, but optional, more formal, chapters are also included for those who are more technically oriented.
