Computational Approaches To Semantic Change

Author : Nina Tahmasebi,Lars Borin,Adam Jatowt ,Yang Xu,Simon Hengchen
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783961103126

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Computational approaches to semantic change by Nina Tahmasebi,Lars Borin,Adam Jatowt ,Yang Xu,Simon Hengchen Pdf

Semantic change — how the meanings of words change over time — has preoccupied scholars since well before modern linguistics emerged in the late 19th and early 20th century, ushering in a new methodological turn in the study of language change. Compared to changes in sound and grammar, semantic change is the least understood. Ever since, the study of semantic change has progressed steadily, accumulating a vast store of knowledge for over a century, encompassing many languages and language families. Historical linguists also early on realized the potential of computers as research tools, with papers at the very first international conferences in computational linguistics in the 1960s. Such computational studies still tended to be small-scale, method-oriented, and qualitative. However, recent years have witnessed a sea-change in this regard. Big-data empirical quantitative investigations are now coming to the forefront, enabled by enormous advances in storage capability and processing power. Diachronic corpora have grown beyond imagination, defying exploration by traditional manual qualitative methods, and language technology has become increasingly data-driven and semantics-oriented. These developments present a golden opportunity for the empirical study of semantic change over both long and short time spans. A major challenge presently is to integrate the hard-earned knowledge and expertise of traditional historical linguistics with cutting-edge methodology explored primarily in computational linguistics. The idea for the present volume came out of a concrete response to this challenge. The 1st International Workshop on Computational Approaches to Historical Language Change (LChange'19), at ACL 2019, brought together scholars from both fields. This volume offers a survey of this exciting new direction in the study of semantic change, a discussion of the many remaining challenges that we face in pursuing it, and considerably updated and extended versions of a selection of the contributions to the LChange'19 workshop, addressing both more theoretical problems — e.g., discovery of "laws of semantic change" — and practical applications, such as information retrieval in longitudinal text archives.

Author : Nina Tahmasebi,Lars Borin,Adam Jatowt,Yang Xu,Simon Hengchen
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-08-10
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783985540082

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Computational approaches to semantic change by Nina Tahmasebi,Lars Borin,Adam Jatowt,Yang Xu,Simon Hengchen Pdf

Semantic change — how the meanings of words change over time — has preoccupied scholars since well before modern linguistics emerged in the late 19th and early 20th century, ushering in a new methodological turn in the study of language change. Compared to changes in sound and grammar, semantic change is the least understood. Ever since, the study of semantic change has progressed steadily, accumulating a vast store of knowledge for over a century, encompassing many languages and language families. Historical linguists also early on realized the potential of computers as research tools, with papers at the very first international conferences in computational linguistics in the 1960s. Such computational studies still tended to be small-scale, method-oriented, and qualitative. However, recent years have witnessed a sea-change in this regard. Big-data empirical quantitative investigations are now coming to the forefront, enabled by enormous advances in storage capability and processing power. Diachronic corpora have grown beyond imagination, defying exploration by traditional manual qualitative methods, and language technology has become increasingly data-driven and semantics-oriented. These developments present a golden opportunity for the empirical study of semantic change over both long and short time spans. A major challenge presently is to integrate the hard-earned knowledge and expertise of traditional historical linguistics with cutting-edge methodology explored primarily in computational linguistics. The idea for the present volume came out of a concrete response to this challenge. The 1st International Workshop on Computational Approaches to Historical Language Change (LChange'19), at ACL 2019, brought together scholars from both fields. This volume offers a survey of this exciting new direction in the study of semantic change, a discussion of the many remaining challenges that we face in pursuing it, and considerably updated and extended versions of a selection of the contributions to the LChange'19 workshop, addressing both more theoretical problems — e.g., discovery of "laws of semantic change" — and practical applications, such as information retrieval in longitudinal text archives.

Author : Kathryn Allan,Justyna A. Robinson
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2011-12-23
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110252903

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Current Methods in Historical Semantics by Kathryn Allan,Justyna A. Robinson Pdf

Innovative, data-driven methods provide more rigorous and systematic evidence for the description and explanation of diachronic semantic processes. The volume systematises, reviews, and promotes a range of empirical research techniques and theoretical perspectives that currently inform work across the discipline of historical semantics. In addition to emphasising the use of new technology, the potential of current theoretical models (e.g. within variationist, sociolinguistic or cognitive frameworks) is explored along the way.

Author : Yael Ravin,Claudia Leacock
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2000-06-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780191584695

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Polysemy by Yael Ravin,Claudia Leacock Pdf

This volume of newly commissioned essays examines current theoretical and computational work on polysemy, the term used in semantic analysis to describe words with more than one meaning or function, sometimes perhaps related (as in plain) and sometimes perhaps not (as in bank). Such words present few difficulties in everyday language, but pose central problems for linguists and lexicographers, especially for those involved in lexical semantics and in computational modelling. The contributors to this book–leading researchers in theoretical and computational linguistics–consider the implications of these problems for grammatical theory and how they may be addressed by computational means. The theoretical essays in the book examine polysemy as an aspect of a broader theory of word meaning. Three theoretical approaches are presented: the Classical (or Aristotelian), the Prototypical, and the Relational. Their authors describe the nature of polysemy, the criteria for detecting it, and its manifestations across languages. They examine the issues arising from the regularity of polysemy and the theoretical principles proposed to account for the interaction of lexical meaning with the semantics and syntax of the context in which it occurs. Finally they consider the formal representations of meaning in the lexicon, and their implications for dictionary construction. The computational essays are concerned with the challenge of polysemy to automatic sense disambiguation–how intended meaning for a word occurrence can be identified. The approaches presented include the exploitation of lexical information in machine-readable dictionaries, machine learning based on patterns of word co-occurrence, and hybrid approaches that combine the two. As a whole, the volume shows how on the one hand theoretical work provides the motivation and may suggest the basis for computational algorithms, while on the other computational results may validate, or reveal problems in, the principles set forth by theories.

Author : Patrick Saint-Dizier,Evelyn Viegas
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1995-02-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780521444101

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Computational Lexical Semantics by Patrick Saint-Dizier,Evelyn Viegas Pdf

Lexical semantics has become a major research area within computational linguistics, drawing from psycholinguistics, knowledge representation, and computer algorithms and architecture. Research programs whose goal is the definition of large lexicons are asking what the appropriate representation structure is for different facets of lexical information. Among these facets, semantic information is probably the most complex and the least explored. Computational Lexical Semantics is one of the first volumes to provide models for the creation of various kinds of computerized lexicons for the automatic treatment of natural language, with applications to machine translation, automatic indexing, and database front-ends, knowledge extraction, among other things. It focuses on semantic issues, as seen by linguists, psychologists, and computer scientists. Besides describing academic research, it also covers ongoing industrial projects.

Author : J. Hellrich
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-08
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781614999959

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Word Embeddings: Reliability & Semantic Change by J. Hellrich Pdf

Word embeddings are a form of distributional semantics increasingly popular for investigating lexical semantic change. However, typical training algorithms are probabilistic, limiting their reliability and the reproducibility of studies. Johannes Hellrich investigated this problem both empirically and theoretically and found some variants of SVD-based algorithms to be unaffected. Furthermore, he created the JeSemE website to make word embedding based diachronic research more accessible. It provides information on changes in word denotation and emotional connotation in five diachronic corpora. Finally, the author conducted two case studies on the applicability of these methods by investigating the historical understanding of electricity as well as words connected to Romanticism. They showed the high potential of distributional semantics for further applications in the digital humanities.

Author : Xiaofei Lu
Publisher : Springer
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2014-07-08
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401786454

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Computational Methods for Corpus Annotation and Analysis by Xiaofei Lu Pdf

In the past few decades the use of increasingly large text corpora has grown rapidly in language and linguistics research. This was enabled by remarkable strides in natural language processing (NLP) technology, technology that enables computers to automatically and efficiently process, annotate and analyze large amounts of spoken and written text in linguistically and/or pragmatically meaningful ways. It has become more desirable than ever before for language and linguistics researchers who use corpora in their research to gain an adequate understanding of the relevant NLP technology to take full advantage of its capabilities. This volume provides language and linguistics researchers with an accessible introduction to the state-of-the-art NLP technology that facilitates automatic annotation and analysis of large text corpora at both shallow and deep linguistic levels. The book covers a wide range of computational tools for lexical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and discourse analysis, together with detailed instructions on how to obtain, install and use each tool in different operating systems and platforms. The book illustrates how NLP technology has been applied in recent corpus-based language studies and suggests effective ways to better integrate such technology in future corpus linguistics research. This book provides language and linguistics researchers with a valuable reference for corpus annotation and analysis.

Author : John Regan
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2023-07-27
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781350360501

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Semantic Change and Collective Knowledge in 18th Century Britain by John Regan Pdf

An in-depth digital investigation of several 18th-century British corpora, this book identifies shared communities of meaning in the printed British 18th century by highlighting and analysing patterns in the distribution of lexis. There are forces of attraction between words: some are more likely to keep company than others, and how words attract and repel one another is worthy of note. Charting these forces, this book demonstrates how distant reading 18th-century corpora can tell us something new, methodologically defensible and, crucially, interesting, about the most common constructions of word meanings and epistemes in the printed British 18th century. In the case studies in this book, computation brings to light some remarkable facts about collectively-produced forms of meaning, without which the most common meanings of words, and the ways of knowing that they constituted, would remain matters of conjecture rather than evidence. Providing the first investigation of collective meaning and knowledge in the British 18th century, this interdisciplinary study builds on the existing stores of close reading, praxis, and history of ideas, presenting a view constructed at scale, rather than at the level of individual texts.

Author : Timothy T. Rogers,James L. McClelland
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262182394

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Semantic Cognition by Timothy T. Rogers,James L. McClelland Pdf

A mechanistic theory of the representation and use of semantic knowledge that uses distributed connectionist networks as a starting point for a psychological theory of semantic cognition.

Author : Matthew W. Crocker,Gerhard Jäger,Gina Kuperberg,Hannah Rohde,Elke Teich,Rory Turnbull
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2022-03-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889747658

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Rational Approaches in Language Science by Matthew W. Crocker,Gerhard Jäger,Gina Kuperberg,Hannah Rohde,Elke Teich,Rory Turnbull Pdf

Author : Barbara McGillivray
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-29
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789004260122

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Methods in Latin Computational Linguistics by Barbara McGillivray Pdf

In Methods in Latin Computational Linguistics, Barbara McGillivray presents some of the most significant methodological foundations of the emerging field of Latin Computational Linguistics. The reader will find an overview of the computational resources and tools available for Latin and three corpus case studies covering morpho-syntactic and lexical-semantic aspects of Latin verb valency, as well as quantitative diachronic explorations of the argument realization of Latin prefixed verbs. The computational models and the multivariate data analysis techniques employed are explained with a detailed but accessible language. Barbara McGillivray convincingly shows the challenges and opportunities of combining computational methods and historical language data, and contributes to driving the technological change that is affecting Historical Linguistics and the Humanities.

Author : Nick Riemer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2010-03-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780521851923

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Introducing Semantics by Nick Riemer Pdf

An introduction to the study of meaning in language for undergraduate students.

Author : Qi Su,Ge Xu,Xiaoyan Yang
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2023-04-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031289538

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Chinese Lexical Semantics by Qi Su,Ge Xu,Xiaoyan Yang Pdf

The two-volume set LNAI 13495 and LNAI 13496, constitute the refereed post-workshop proceedings of the 23rd Chinese Lexical Semantics Workshop, CLSW 2022, held as a virtual event, during May 14-15, 2022. In total the two-volume set includes 39 full papers and 19 short papers which were carefully reviewed and selected from 214 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: lexical semantics; corpus linguistics; general linguistics, lexical resources; computational linguistics, applications of natural language processing.

Author : Nancy Ide,James Pustejovsky
Publisher : Springer
Page : 1459 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2017-06-16
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789402408812

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Handbook of Linguistic Annotation by Nancy Ide,James Pustejovsky Pdf

This handbook offers a thorough treatment of the science of linguistic annotation. Leaders in the field guide the reader through the process of modeling, creating an annotation language, building a corpus and evaluating it for correctness. Essential reading for both computer scientists and linguistic researchers.Linguistic annotation is an increasingly important activity in the field of computational linguistics because of its critical role in the development of language models for natural language processing applications. Part one of this book covers all phases of the linguistic annotation process, from annotation scheme design and choice of representation format through both the manual and automatic annotation process, evaluation, and iterative improvement of annotation accuracy. The second part of the book includes case studies of annotation projects across the spectrum of linguistic annotation types, including morpho-syntactic tagging, syntactic analyses, a range of semantic analyses (semantic roles, named entities, sentiment and opinion), time and event and spatial analyses, and discourse level analyses including discourse structure, co-reference, etc. Each case study addresses the various phases and processes discussed in the chapters of part one.

Author : Harry Bunt,Reinhard Muskens
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2008-07-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781402059575

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Computing Meaning by Harry Bunt,Reinhard Muskens Pdf

This book provides an in-depth view of the current issues, problems and approaches in the computation of meaning as expressed in language. Aimed at linguists, computer scientists, and logicians with an interest in the computation of meaning, this book focuses on two main topics in recent research in computational semantics. The first topic is the definition and use of underspecified semantic representations, i.e. formal structures that represent part of the meaning of a linguistic object while leaving other parts unspecified. The second topic discussed is semantic annotation. Annotated corpora have become an indispensable resource both for linguists and for developers of language and speech technology, especially when used in combination with machine learning methods. The annotation in corpora has only marginally addressed semantic information, however, since semantic annotation methodologies are still in their infancy. This book discusses the development and application of such methodologies.