Conscious In A Vegetative State A Critique Of The Pvs Concept

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Conscious in a Vegetative State? A Critique of the PVS Concept

Peter McCullagh
Conscious in a Vegetative State A Critique of the PVS Concept Book PDF

Author : Peter McCullagh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2006-01-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402026300

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Conscious in a Vegetative State? A Critique of the PVS Concept by Peter McCullagh Pdf

Having been originally introduced as a term to facilitate discussion of a specific group of patients regarded as entering a state of unawareness following coma, the ‘Persistent Vegetative State’ (PVS) has established itself as an apparently discrete medical condition with clear-cut implications for ethicists and lawyers that exceed any scientifically based understanding. As a consequence of this upgrading, conclusions drawn about the status and hence the management of this uncommon condition have been increasingly extended to other patients with much more common forms of disability. This book traces the origins of prevailing perceptions about PVS and submits these to critical examination. In doing this it comes to the conclusion that inadequate attention has been paid to acknowledging what is not known about affected individuals and that assumptions have consistently come to be traded as facts. Re-examination of the basis of the PVS and the adoption of a more scientific approach is long overdue and is owed to the community at large which has generally been provided by many medical practitioners with a ‘dumbed-down’ account of the condition. The book will be of interest to philosophers, medical graduates and neuroscientists but is also intended to remain accessible to the general reader with an interest in the wider implications of trends in medical thinking for attitudes towards many classes of patient. It has an extensive bibliography and will be of specific interest to bioethicists and lawyers with professional interests in PVS.

The Vegetative State

Bryan Jennett
The Vegetative State Book PDF

Author : Bryan Jennett
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2002-02-28
Category : Law
ISBN : 0521441587

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The Vegetative State by Bryan Jennett Pdf

A survey of the medical, ethical and legal issues that surround this controversial topic.

Finding Consciousness

Walter Sinnott-Armstrong
Finding Consciousness Book PDF

Author : Walter Sinnott-Armstrong
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2016-01-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190280321

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Finding Consciousness by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong Pdf

Modern medicine enables us to keep many people alive after they have suffered severe brain damage and show no reliable outward signs of consciousness. Many such patients are misdiagnosed as being in a permanent vegetative state when they are actually in a minimally conscious state. This mistake has far-reaching implications for treatment and prognosis. To alleviate this problem, neuroscientists have recently developed new brain-scanning methods to detect consciousness in some of these patients and even to ask them questions, including "Do you want to stay alive?" Finding Consciousness: The Neuroscience, Ethics, and Law of Severe Brain Damage addresses many questions regarding these recent neuroscientific methods: Is what these methods detect really consciousness? Do patients feel pain? Should we decide whether or not to let them die or are they competent to decide for themselves? And which kinds of treatment should governments and hospitals make available? This edited volume provides contextual information, surveys the issues and positions, and takes controversial stands from a wide variety of prominent contributors in fields ranging from neuroscience and neurology to law and policy to philosophy and ethics. Finding Consciousness should interest not only neuroscientists, clinicians, and ethicists but anyone who might suffer brain damage, which includes us all.

Ted Freeman and the Battle for the Injured Brain

Peter McCullagh
Ted Freeman and the Battle for the Injured Brain Book PDF

Author : Peter McCullagh
Publisher : ANU E Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2013-08-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781922144324

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Ted Freeman and the Battle for the Injured Brain by Peter McCullagh Pdf

This book recounts some experiences of young Australians with catastrophic brain injuries, their families and the medical system which they encountered. Whilst most of the events described occurred two to three decades ago they raise questions relevant to contemporary medical practice.

The Significance of Consciousness

Charles Siewert
The Significance of Consciousness Book PDF

Author : Charles Siewert
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1998-07-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781400822720

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The Significance of Consciousness by Charles Siewert Pdf

Charles Siewert presents a distinctive approach to consciousness that emphasizes our first-person knowledge of experience and argues that we should grant consciousness, understood in this way, a central place in our conception of mind and intentionality. Written in an engaging manner that makes its recently controversial topic accessible to the thoughtful general reader, this book challenges theories that equate consciousness with a functional role or with the mere availability of sensory information to cognitive capacities. Siewert argues that the notion of phenomenal consciousness, slighted in some recent theories, can be made evident by noting our reliance on first-person knowledge and by considering, from the subject's point of view, the difference between having and lacking certain kinds of experience. This contrast is clarified by careful attention to cases, both actual and hypothetical, indicated by research on brain-damaged patients' ability to discriminate visually without conscious visual experience--what has become known as "blindsight." In addition, Siewert convincingly defends such approaches against objections that they make an illegitimate appeal to "introspection." Experiences that are conscious in Siewert's sense differ from each other in ways that only what is conscious can--in phenomenal character--and having this character gives them intentionality. In Siewert's view, consciousness is involved not only in the intentionality of sense experience and imagery, but in that of nonimagistic ways of thinking as well. Consciousness is pervasively bound up with intelligent perception and conceptual thought: it is not mere sensation or "raw feel." Having thus understood consciousness, we can better recognize how, for many of us, it possesses such deep intrinsic value that life without it would be little or no better than death.

Biological Identity

Anne Sophie Meincke,John Dupré
Biological Identity Book PDF

Author : Anne Sophie Meincke,John Dupré
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351066365

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Biological Identity by Anne Sophie Meincke,John Dupré Pdf

Analytic metaphysics has recently discovered biology as a means of grounding metaphysical theories. This has resulted in long-standing metaphysical puzzles, such as the problems of personal identity and material constitution, being increasingly addressed by appeal to a biological understanding of identity. This development within metaphysics is in significant tension with the growing tendency amongst philosophers of biology to regard biological identity as a deep puzzle in its own right, especially following recent advances in our understanding of symbiosis, the evolution of multi-cellular organisms and the inherently dynamical character of living systems. Moreover, and building on these biological insights, the broadly substance ontological framework of metaphysical theories of biological identity appears problematic to a growing number of philosophers of biology who invoke process ontology instead. This volume addresses this tension, exploring to what extent it can be dissolved. For this purpose, the volume presents the first selection of essays exclusively focused on biological identity and written by experts in metaphysics, the philosophy of biology and biology. The resulting cross-disciplinary dialogue paves the way for a convincing account of biological identity that is both metaphysically constructive and scientifically informed, and will be of interest to metaphysicians, philosophers of biology and theoretical biologists.

Challenges and Choices for Patient, Carer and Professional at the End of Life

Catherine Proot,Michael Yorke
Challenges and Choices for Patient Carer and Professional at the End of Life Book PDF

Author : Catherine Proot,Michael Yorke
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-18
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781000356274

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Challenges and Choices for Patient, Carer and Professional at the End of Life by Catherine Proot,Michael Yorke Pdf

Living with Uncertainty gives a broad perspective on the complexities and challenges of the practice of end-of-life care, as well as the perceived benefits and limitations of medical intervention. Drawn from research and clinical and pastoral experience, the book examines the feelings associated with the end of life, highlighting the demands that people are faced with and their consequences. It moves into the difficult area of people who feel defeated by their illness and can or want to live no longer, as well as the family, caregivers and professionals who surround them. These perspectives have been built upon around a hundred narratives of lived experience, combined with the wider clinical and practical range of voices. A topical post-script Lessons from Covid-19 captures the choices and challenges on a personal, professional and systemic level which the pandemic acutely revealed with a multiplicity of examples. This will be essential reading for students and professionals in palliative and end-of-life care. Families and friends will also benefit from this book as they try to come to terms with the delicate but universal issues of death and dying.

The Ethics of Uncertainty

L. Syd M. Johnson
The Ethics of Uncertainty Book PDF

Author : L. Syd M. Johnson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190943646

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The Ethics of Uncertainty by L. Syd M. Johnson Pdf

"Consciousness isn't a thing you can poke a stick at. It's not a natural kind, like a bit of quartz, or quarks, or water. Like "life," which can be attributed to many entities, but is not a thing with reality apart from living entities, consciousness can be attributed to conscious entities without being some further thing or fact, some mysterious, mentalizing "force" that can exist without conscious entities. It is manifested in conscious states and creatures, but isn't a thing in and of itself. One of the enduring puzzles about consciousness and conscious states is how they, as apparently mental, nonphysical states, can manifest in a physical entity like a brain. We can point to a physical bit of brain, to a neuron, or a structure like the thalamus, but we can't locate the consciousness within that bit of brain or its neural cells"--

Ethics and Intersex

Sharon E. Sytsma
Ethics and Intersex Book PDF

Author : Sharon E. Sytsma
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2006-06-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402043147

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Ethics and Intersex by Sharon E. Sytsma Pdf

This collection of 21 articles is designed to serve as a state-of-the art reference book for intersexuals, their parents, health care professionals, ethics committee members, and anyone interested in problems associated with intersexuality. It fills an important need because of its uniqueness as an interdisciplinary effort, bringing together not just urologists and endocrinologists, but gynecologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, lawyers, theologians, gender theorists, medical historians, and philosophers. Most contributors are well-known experts on intersexuality in their respective fields. The book is also unique in that it is also an international effort, including authors from England, the Netherlands, Germany, Australia, India, Canada and the United States. The book begins with introductory chapters on the etiology of intersex conditions, conceptual clarification, legal issues, and reflections about the inherent characteristics of medical care that have led up to the issues we face today and explain the resistance to change in traditional practices. Researchers provide recent data on gender identity, surgical outcomes, and appropriate clinical care. Issues never having been addressed are introduced. The significance of intersexuality for Christianity and for philosophical concerns with authenticity add further depth to the collection. The final chapters deal with future possibilities in the treatment of intersex and for intersex advocacy.

The Christian Religion and Biotechnology

George P. Smith
The Christian Religion and Biotechnology Book PDF

Author : George P. Smith
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2005-03-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 1402031467

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The Christian Religion and Biotechnology by George P. Smith Pdf

Religion is a dominant force in the lives of many Americans. It animates, challenges, directs and shapes, as well, the legal, political, and scientific agendas of the new Age of Biotechnology. In a very real way, religion, biomedical technology and law are - epistemologically - different. Yet, they are equal vectors of force in defining reality and approaching an understanding of it. Indeed, all three share a synergetic relationship, for they seek to understand and improve the human condition. This book strikes a rich balance between thorough analysis (in the body), anchored in sound references to religion, law and medical scientific analysis, and a strong scholarly direction in the end notes. It presents new insights into the decision-making processes of the new Age of Biotechnology and shows how religion, law and medical science interact in shaping, directing and informing the political processes. This volume will be of interest to both scholars and practitioners in the fields of religion and theology, philosophy, ethics, (family) law, science, medicine, political science and public policy, and gender studies. It will serve as a reference source and can be used in graduate and undergraduate courses in law, medicine and religion.

Clinical Bioethics

C. Viafora
Clinical Bioethics Book PDF

Author : C. Viafora
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2006-01-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781402035937

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Clinical Bioethics by C. Viafora Pdf

A theory of Clinical Bioethics based on the integration of the moral logic of health care practice ("internal morality") and the larger social concerns and processes ("external morality") Clinical Bioethics. A Search for the Foundations compares major theoretical models in the foundation of clinical bioethics and explains medicine as a normative practice. The goals of medicine are discussed with particular reference to the subjectivisation of health and the rationalisation of health care institutions. This volume provides a consistent reconstruction of bioethical judgment both at the level of epistemological statute and institutional context, i.e. clinical ethics committees and clinical ethics consultation.

When Law and Medicine Meet: A Cultural View

Lola Romanucci-Ross,Laurence R. Tancredi
When Law and Medicine Meet A Cultural View Book PDF

Author : Lola Romanucci-Ross,Laurence R. Tancredi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2007-11-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781402027574

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When Law and Medicine Meet: A Cultural View by Lola Romanucci-Ross,Laurence R. Tancredi Pdf

What happens when two systems, law and medicine, are joined in the arena of the court? This work deals with the structure and the premises of two diverse discourse models; the approach is anthropological. Several chapters are preponderantly based on legal research, addressing cases requiring testimony by expert witnesses on recent technologies used in the laboratories of medical scientists. Descriptions of other societies and cultures consider the identical problems of rights, privileges, and duties, and provide perspectives to cultural self-knowledge. This volume can be used as a text for courses taught in medical schools and law schools. It will be of particular interest to students taking courses in health science, public health, medical anthropology, forensic anthropology, psychology, sociology, public justice, behavioral sciences, forensic psychiatry, legal anthropology, social welfare, as well as courses on research models.

Globalization and Health

Belinda Bennett,George F. Tomossy
Globalization and Health Book PDF

Author : Belinda Bennett,George F. Tomossy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2006-06-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781402041969

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Globalization and Health by Belinda Bennett,George F. Tomossy Pdf

Within contemporary society, globalization has emerged as a key concern at the centre of ethical, legal and policy debates relating to health care. Conflicts between public interests and individual rights, the challenge of regulating health professionals and access to health services, and the effects of a global market all feature prominently in these discussions. As a result of globalization, these issues can no longer be understood solely within the political boundaries that define traditional notions of individuals and communities. Rather, solutions demand a global conception of rights and obligations, which in turn requires new approaches to health policy formulation and a reevaluation of existing ethical and legal frameworks. In essence, the impact of globalization on human health is testing the robustness of modern regulatory systems, legal doctrines and ethical paradigms. PUBLIC HEALTH: DEVELOPING GLOBAL CONCERNS The interconnectedness of the global economy presents new challenges in public health. While globalization has facilitated improvements in health care, it has also created new hazards and avenues for the exploitation of vulnerable persons. It is becoming increasingly apparent that both national and international responses are required. Indeed, as the chapters in this section convey, public health is rightly a global concern. Globalization has led to a sharing of both risks and responsibilities in public health. Belinda Bennett reminds us of the ease with which infectious diseases can spread within the global community, given the speed of modern travel and trade.

Bioethics in Cultural Contexts

Christoph Rehmann-Sutter,Marcus Düwell,Dietmar Mieth
Bioethics in Cultural Contexts Book PDF

Author : Christoph Rehmann-Sutter,Marcus Düwell,Dietmar Mieth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2006-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402042416

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Bioethics in Cultural Contexts by Christoph Rehmann-Sutter,Marcus Düwell,Dietmar Mieth Pdf

CHRISTOPH REHMANN-SUTTER, MARCUS DÜWELL, DIETMAR MIETH When we placed “finitude”, “limits of human existence” as a motto over a round of discussion on biomedicine and bioethics (which led to this collection of essays) we did not know how far this would lead us into methodological quandaries. However, we felt intuitively that an interdisciplinary approach including social and cultural sciences would have an advantage over a solely disciplinary (philosophical or theological) analysis. Bioethics, if it is to have adequate discriminatory power, should include sensitivity to the cultural contexts of biomedicine, and also to the cultural contexts of bioethics itself. Context awareness, of course, is not foreign to philosophical or theological bioethics, for the simple reason that the issues tackled in the debates (as in other fields of ethics) could not be adequately understood outside their contexts. Moral issues are always accompanied by contexts. When we try to unpack them – which is necessary to make them accessible to ethical discussion – we are regularly confronted with the fact that in removing too much of the context we do not clarify an issue, but make it less comprehensible. The context – at least some essential parts of it – is intrinsic to the issue. Unpacking in ethics is therefore a different procedure. It does not mean peeling the context off, but rather identifying which contextual elements are essential for an understanding of the key moral aspects of the issue, and explaining how they establish its particular character.

Physicians at War

Fritz Allhoff
Physicians at War Book PDF

Author : Fritz Allhoff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2008-03-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781402069123

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Physicians at War by Fritz Allhoff Pdf

Recently, there has been a tremendous interest in the ethical issues that confront physicians in times of war, as well as some of the uses of physicians during wars. This book presents a theoretical apparatus which underpins those debates, namely by casting physicians as being faced with dual-loyalties during times of war. While this theoretical apparatus has been developed in other contexts, it has not been specifically brought to bear on the ethical conflicts that wars bring.