Conserving Plant Genetic Diversity In Protected Areas

Author : José María Iriondo,Nigel Maxted,Mohammad Ehsan Dulloo
Publisher : CABI
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : 9781845933715

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Conserving Plant Genetic Diversity in Protected Areas by José María Iriondo,Nigel Maxted,Mohammad Ehsan Dulloo Pdf

Conservation in protected areas has focused on preserving biodiversity of ecosystems and species, whereas conserving the genetic diversity contained within species has historically often been ignored. However, maintaining genetic diversity is fundamental to food security and the provision of raw materials and it is best preserved within plants' natural habitats. This is particularly true for wild plants that are directly related to crop species and can play a key role in providing beneficial traits, such as pest or disease resistance and yield improvement. These wild relatives are presently threatened due to processes of habitat destruction and change and methodologies have been adapted to provide in-situ conservation through the establishment of genetic reserves within the existing network of protected areas.Providing a long-awaited synthesis of these new methodologies, this book presents a practical set of management guidelines that can be used for the conservation of plant genetic diversity of crop wild relatives in protected areas.

Author : Vernon Hilton Heywood,M. E. Dulloo
Publisher : Bioversity International
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 9789290436980

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In Situ Conservation of Wild Plant Species by Vernon Hilton Heywood,M. E. Dulloo Pdf

Author : H. M. Gregersen,Peter F. Ffolliott,Kenneth N. Brooks
Publisher : CABI
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781845932817

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Integrated Watershed Management by H. M. Gregersen,Peter F. Ffolliott,Kenneth N. Brooks Pdf

Land and water management is especially critical as the use of upstream watersheds can drastically affect large numbers of people living in downstream watersheds. This work examines the institutional and technical context for managing watersheds and river basins, including the involvement of both the public and private sectors.

Author : Nigel Maxted
Publisher : CABI
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781845938512

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Agrobiodiversity Conservation by Nigel Maxted Pdf

Based on the 2010 conference "Towards the establishment of genetic reserves for crop wild relatives and landraces in Europe", this book is the cutting edge discussion of agrobiodiversity conservation. By considering the benefits of understanding and preserving crop wild relatives and landraces, it encompasses issues as wide-ranging and topical as habitat protection, ecosystem health and food security. Focusing on Europe, but globally relevant, Agrobiodiversity Conservation is ideal for postgraduate students of conservation and environmental studies, conservation professionals, policy makers and researchers.

Author : Nigel Maxted,B.V. Ford-Lloyd,J.G. Hawkes
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400914377

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Plant Genetic Conservation by Nigel Maxted,B.V. Ford-Lloyd,J.G. Hawkes Pdf

The recent development of ideas on biodiversity conservation was already being considered almost three-quarters of a century ago for crop plants and the wild species related to them, by the Russian geneticist N.!. Vavilov. He was undoubtedly the first scientist to understand the impor tance for humankind of conserving for utilization the genetic diversity of our ancient crop plants and their wild relatives from their centres of diversity. His collections showed various traits of adaptation to environ mental extremes and biotypes of crop diseases and pests which were unknown to most plant breeders in the first quarter of the twentieth cen tury. Later, in the 1940s-1960s scientists began to realize that the pool of genetic diversity known to Vavilov and his colleagues was beginning to disappear. Through the replacement of the old, primitive and highly diverse land races by uniform modem varieties created by plant breed ers, the crop gene pool was being eroded. The genetic diversity of wild species was equally being threatened by human activities: over-exploita tion, habitat destruction or fragmentation, competition resulting from the introduction of alien species or varieties, changes and intensification of land use, environmental pollution and possible climate change.

Author : Sue Stolton,Nigel Dudley
Publisher : Earthscan
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781844078806

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Arguments for Protected Areas by Sue Stolton,Nigel Dudley Pdf

First Published in 2010. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Author : M.R. Ahuja,S. Mohan Jain
Publisher : Springer
Page : 439 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2015-12-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319259543

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Genetic Diversity and Erosion in Plants by M.R. Ahuja,S. Mohan Jain Pdf

Genetic erosion is the loss of genetic diversity within a species. It can happen very quickly, due to catastrophic events, or changes in land use leading to habitat loss. But it can also occur more gradually and remain unnoticed for a long time. One of the main causes of genetic erosion is the replacement of local varieties by modern varieties. Other causes include environmental degradation, urbanization, and land clearing through deforestation and brush fires. In order to conserve biodiversity in plants, it is important to targets three independent levels that include ecosystems, species and genes. Genetic diversity is important to a species’ fitness, long-term viability, and ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Chapters in this book are written by leading geneticists, molecular biologists and other specialists on relevant topics on genetic erosion and conservation genetic diversity in plants. This divisible set of two volumes deals with a broad spectrum of topics on genetic erosion, and approaches to biodiversity conservation in crop plants and trees. Volume 1 deals with indicators and prevention of genetic erosion, while volume 2 covers genetic diversity and erosion in a number of plants species. These two volumes will also be useful to botanists, biotechnologists, environmentalists, policy makers, conservationists, and NGOs working to manage genetic erosion and biodiversity.

Author : National Research Council,Board on Agriculture,Committee on Managing Global Genetic Resources: Agricultural Imperatives
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1993-02-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309131865

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Managing Global Genetic Resources by National Research Council,Board on Agriculture,Committee on Managing Global Genetic Resources: Agricultural Imperatives Pdf

This anchor volume to the series Managing Global Genetic Resources examines the structure that underlies efforts to preserve genetic material, including the worldwide network of genetic collections; the role of biotechnology; and a host of issues that surround management and use. Among the topics explored are in situ versus ex situ conservation, management of very large collections of genetic material, problems of quarantine, the controversy over ownership or copyright of genetic material, and more.

Author : J.G. Hawkes,Nigel Maxted,B.V. Ford-Lloyd
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401141369

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The Ex Situ Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources by J.G. Hawkes,Nigel Maxted,B.V. Ford-Lloyd Pdf

It is a distressing truism that the human race during the last millennium has caused the exponential loss of plant genetic diversity throughout the world. This has had direct and negative economic, political and social consequences for the human race, which at the same time has failed to exploit fully the positive benefits that might result from conserving and exploiting the world's plant genetic resources. However, a strong movement to halt this loss of plant diversity and enhance its utilisation for the benefit of all humanity has been underway since the 1960's (Frankel and Bennett, 1970; Frankel and Hawkes, 1975). This initiative was taken up by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD, 1992) that not only expounds the need to conserve biological diversity but links conservation to exploitation and development for the benefit of all. Article 8 of the Convention clearly states the need to develop more effective and efficient guidelines to conserve biological diversity, while Article 9, along with the FAO International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, promotes the adoption of a complementary approach to conservation that incorporates both ex situ and in situ techniques.

Author : International Plant Genetic Resources Institute,International Development Research Centre (Canada)
Publisher : IDRC
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Crops
ISBN : 9780889368842

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Genes in the Field by International Plant Genetic Resources Institute,International Development Research Centre (Canada) Pdf

Genes in the Field provides an interdisciplinary foundation for an important new conservation program: maintaining biological resources of crop plants within the systems where they have evolved. The book offers a truly global vision of the on-farm conservation movement and, like no other before it, provides a comprehensive review of the issues and challenges of on-farm conservation of genetic resources. The book's chapters are written by a collection of outstanding scholars and academics from a variety of disciplines; they include biologists, agronomists, anthropologists, economists, lawyers and agricultural development specialists. Genes in the Field is truly global in scope and multidisciplinary in character. It will appeal to a large, varied and international audience. Its most general appeal will be to professionals in the fields of conservation and agricultural development, particularly those who are involved in planning or implementing conservation programs. For course work, the book will be appropriate for graduate programs in agricultural development and conservation.

Author : Siva Ramamoorthy,Inocencio Jr. Buot,Rajasekaran Chandrasekaran
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-06-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811676994

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Plant Genetic Resources, Inventory, Collection and Conservation by Siva Ramamoorthy,Inocencio Jr. Buot,Rajasekaran Chandrasekaran Pdf

This edited book deals with plant genetic resources and their status, availability, and ecological niche in natural habitat. Usage and conservation practices followed by various tribal communities and their rationale are also discussed in the book. The book explores application of biological tools to conserve plant species and optimization protocols for conservation and elicitation of secondary metabolites and other value addition products. The book is organized into sub-themes covering: (i) Ecological status of plant genetic resources (ii) Traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and conservation practices (iii) Ex-situ conservation practices and bioprospecting Globally, plant genetic resources are deeply rooted in culture and economy. Since the early 1990s, the changing socio-economic situation has increasingly put pressure on plant genetic resources, in some cases leading to a severe loss of their diversity. For this reason, most vulnerable areas at risk of genetic erosion have been demarcated and protected by forest laws and regulations. Therefore, this book brings to light the opinions of leading experts in the area of ecology, conservation biodiversity, ethanobotany, and bioprospecting of plant genetic resources. The book is for use by graduate and advanced undergraduate students and researchers in plant physiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, and agriculture. Additionally, it is extremely useful as a general reference on conservation of flora and large-scale cultivation.

Author : Danny Hunter
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-06-25
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781136538247

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Crop Wild Relatives by Danny Hunter Pdf

Crop wild relatives (CWR) are plant species which are more or less closely related to crops. They are a vital resource by providing a pool of genetic variation that can be used in breeding new and better adapted varieties of crops that are resistant to stress, disease, drought and other factors. They will be increasingly important in allowing crops to adapt to the impacts of climate, thus safeguarding future agricultural production. Until recently, the main conservation strategy adopted for CWR has been ex situ - through the maintenance of samples as seed or vegetative material in various kinds of genebank or other facilities. Now the need to conserve CWR in their natural surroundings (in situ) is increasingly recognized. Recent research co-ordinated by Bioversity International has produced a wealth of information on good practices and lessons learned for their effective conservation. This book captures the important practical experiences of countries participating in this work and describes them for the wider conservation community. It includes case studies and examples from Armenia, Bolivia, Madagascar, Sri Lanka and Uzbekistan, which are important centres of diversity for crop wild relatives, and covers four geographical regions - the Caucasus, South America, Africa and the Asia-Pacific Region. It provides practical, relevant information and guidance for the scaling-up of actions targeting CWR conservation around the world.

Author : M. R. Ahuja,S. Mohan Jain
Publisher : Springer
Page : 511 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319664262

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Biodiversity and Conservation of Woody Plants by M. R. Ahuja,S. Mohan Jain Pdf

This book provides complete, comprehensive, and broad subject-based reviews for students, teachers, researchers, policymakers, conservationists, and NGOs interested in the biodiversity and conservation of woody plants. Forests cover approximately 31 percent of the world’s total landmass; 93 percent is natural forest and only 7 percent consists of planted trees. Forest decline is progressing at an alarming rate worldwide. In addition to human activities (logging, deforestation, and exploiting forest lands for agriculture and industrial use), a number of other factors – including pests and diseases, drought, soil acidity, radiation, and ozone – are cumulatively contributing to global forest decline. The present situation forces us to focus on forest conservation strategies for the present and future. Gene conservation and maintaining genetic diversity in forest ecosystems are crucial to the preservation of forest genetic resources. This calls for integrated action to implement both the in situ (on site) preservation of forest stands and ex situ (distant from the original site) strategies for the conservation of woody plants’ genetic resources. Selected priority areas include: 1) assessing patterns of genetic diversity and threats, 2) understanding the biological processes regulating genetic diversity, 3) assessing the impact of human activities and climate change on genetic diversity, and 5) finding methods for prioritizing species and populations for the conservation of forest trees genetic resources. All chapters were written by leading scientists in their respective fields, which include: woody plant diversity, ecology and evolution; assessment of genetic diversity in forest tree populations; conservation planning under climate change; and in situ and ex situ strategies, including biotechnological approaches, for the conservation of woody plants genetic resources.

Author : Gabriel Melchias
Publisher : Science Publishers
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Nature
ISBN : UOM:39015050168700

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Biodiversity and Conservation by Gabriel Melchias Pdf

This volume explores the globe's biodiversity and the theories and techniques for protecting it through conservation.

Author : Donald A. Falk
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Plant conservation
ISBN : 9780195064292

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Genetics and Conservation of Rare Plants by Donald A. Falk Pdf

Nearly 700 species of plants may become extinct by the year 2000. Faced with this overwhelming prospect, plant conservationists must take advantage of every technique available. This unique work summarizes our current knowledge of the genetics and population biology of rare plants, and integrates it with practical conservation recommendations. It features discussions on the distribution and significance of genetic variation, management and evaluation of rare plant germplasm, and conservation strategies for genetic diversity. Case studies focusing on specific problems offer important insights for today's challenges in rare plant conservation.