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Author : Jonathan P. Stern,Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Gas industry
ISBN : 1901795942
Author : Jonathan P. Stern,Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Gas industry
ISBN : 1901795594
Author : Jean-Michel Glachant,Michelle Hallac,Miguel Vazquez
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781782540649
This highly unique book focuses on market design issues common to most EU gas markets, particularly in the context of closer integration. It explores in detail the characteristics and requirements of national gas markets in Europe, which are constructed as virtual hubs based on entry/exit schemes as a requirement of European law. The expert contributors analyse gas supply and demand patterns in the EU, showing that both have changed following the introduction of liquefied natural gas on the supply side and the growth of gas-fired power plants on the demand side. The repeated interactions between the transmission operators activity and the gas commodity markets are addressed, as is the design of commercial networks in EU markets. The contributors also question whether the relationship between commercial and physical networks, in terms of the new flexibility requirements of users, actually works. By way of conclusion, two proposals for the EU gas target model are presented, both of which tackle the fundamental issues raised in this book, as well as the organization of short-term transactions and the mechanisms for investment in vital new long-life infrastructure needed to integrate EU markets. This volume will be of great interest to practitioners, as well as academics, researchers and students in the fields of energy economics and industrial economics. Both European and non-European energy companies and regulatory authorities looking for an independent and analytical overview of European gas markets will also find this book to be a highly valuable resource.
Author : Robert Mabro,Ian Wybrew-Bond
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : NWU:35556031846504
This book analyses the strategies of four major national companies, Gazprom, Sonatrach, Statoil, and Gasunie, that supply the expanding European gas market. The strategies of these giant corporations are examined in the relevant historical perspective. The analysis concludes by considering future developments of the market and of the supply policies of these main players.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : ENERGY CHARTER SECRETARIAT
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Energy industries
ISBN : 9789059480469
Author : Pietro Ferrario
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789041186164
International commercial gas sale agreements are often characterised by a duration of twenty years or more. Consequently, when unforeseen events alter market conditions the contractual equilibrium originally found by the parties is disrupted, giving rise to the necessity to renegotiate and adapt the agreement. If negotiation fails, the parties in most cases submit the matter to arbitration. This comprehensive analysis of what can happen under such circumstances proceeds from an in-depth consideration of the power of arbitrators to intervene on the agreement in the light of arbitrability and procedural law. The author fully explains the complex special nature of gas pricing and contract clauses, and takes into account such features as the following, especially in the wake of the 2009 crisis as it affected the gas sector: - take or pay clauses; - mechanisms for gas price calculation; - price review and price re-opener clauses; - hardship provisions; - problems arising from the absence of a specific clause providing for adaptation/adjustment; - effect on contracts of the emergence and development of spot or traded gas markets; and - trend toward introducing spot-market elements into an oil-indexed price formula. The analysis draws on interviews with lawyers and arbitrators who have been involved in recent proceedings regarding gas sale contract adaptations, and also considers court decisions issued in setting aside or enforcing arbitration awards handed down in energy disputes. A central discussion throughout this book is the possible responses to the question of whether it is possible to determine a principle of law justifying the arbitrator’s power to intervene in contract adaptation. All professionals involved in the production, wholesaling, or distribution of gas will find this book indispensable. It will also be of special value to practitioners, policymakers, and regulators in the fields of energy law and environmental law.
Author : Jonathan P. Stern
Publisher : Chatham House (Formerly Riia)
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105023061117
This study traces the breakdown of market management in European gas markets and the emergence of gas-to-gas competition and liberalized access to networks. A surplus of gas supply and pipeline capacity, combined with institutional change to reduce monopoly power and bring new entrants into the industry, are the most important drivers for change.
Author : David Long,Geoff Moore,Gay Wenban-Smith
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 641 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2001-07-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781855738515
Since its launch in 2001, Gas Trading Manual (GTM) has established itself as the leading information source on the international gas market. Compiled from the contributions of some of the most senior and widely respected figures in the trade, this edition provides detailed and accurate analysis on all aspects of this complex business from the geography of gas through to the markets, trading instruments, contracts, gas pricing, accounting and taxation. This edition further enhances its reputation as the indispensable practical companion for all those involved in the trading of gas.
Author : Joshua Posaner
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783658275181
Gas makes or breaks economies, as shown by the effects of the 2009 Ukraine/Russia gas supply crisis. Joshua Posaner looks at four case study countries in Central and Eastern Europe. He examines the interdependence between the domestic political structure of a gas import-dependent country and the price it paid for imports up to 2014, using the level of reliance on the dominant supplier as an indicator. The more dependent a country is on a single supplier, the more it pays for its supplies. The author aims to explain why capitals prioritize energy security and balance their import portfolios differently, while taking a new angle on the European gas system. He offers a timely investigation into an oft-reported subject, with Russia’s perceived “energy weapon” and themes of “energy dependence” weighing heavily on European political discourse.
Author : Jonathan P. Stern
Publisher : Dartmouth Publishing Company
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105035084081
Author : Tim Boersma
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-08-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317636649
Moving beyond most conventional thinking about energy security in Europe which revolves around stability of supplies and the reliability of suppliers, this book presents the history of European policy-making regarding energy resources, including recent controversies about shale gas and fracking. Using the United States as a benchmark, the author tests the hypothesis that EU energy security is at risk primarily because of a lack of market integration and cooperation between member states. This lack of integration still prohibits natural gas to flow freely throughout the continent, which makes parts of Europe vulnerable in case of supply disruptions. The book demonstrates that the EU gas market has been developing at different speeds, leaving the Northwest of the continent reasonably well integrated, with sufficient trade and liquidity and different supplies, whereas other parts are less developed. In these parts of Europe there is a structural lack of investments in infrastructure, interconnectors, reverse flow options and storage facilities. Thus, even though substantial progress has been made in parts of the EU, single source dependency often prevails, leaving the relevant member states vulnerable to market power abuse. Detailed comparisons are made of the situations in the Netherlands and Poland, and of energy policy in the USA. The book dismantles some of the existing assumptions about the concept of energy security, and touches upon the level of rhetoric that features in most energy security and policy debates in Europe.
Author : Kim Talus
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789041134073
Because the EU depends on a very small number of external suppliers for its natural gas, energy security issues inevitably arise. In theory, competition law should regulate and adjudicate such issues. Yet, because contracts between EU companies and producers are highly sensitive and politically charged, the application of EU competition law to natural gas contracts is far from clear. This important book, drawing on ECJ case law, Commission administrative cases and inquiries, and the full range of relevant legal and economic theory, provides an extremely valuable and detailed study of how EU competition law can be applied to long-term natural gas capacity reservation and commodity contracts. Issues and topics such as the following arise in the course of the analysis: Third Gas Market Directive provisions; Article 102 TFEU cases on strategic under-investment; pre-liberation or "legacy" gas contracts (e.g., with Algeria and Russia); "right of first refusal"; take-or-pay requirement; third-party access; ownership unbundling; effect of elimination of priority access regimes; short-term trading; spot markets; and law and economics of vertical restraints. Focusing on the foreclosing effect of long-term upstream commodity contracts, the author recommends restrictions on the use of capacity reservation contracts, and analyses the efficacy of security of supply as a competition law defence in cases relating to such contracts.
Author : Malcolm Abbott
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134837786
In recent years, natural gas has become a major source of energy, with trade across borders increasing through both pipelines and as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). Owing to this global development, this book traces the development of the gas supply industry, from localised to national industries and national industries to a major global industry. It looks at the basic economics and origins of the industry, as well as the role of the government in its development and relation to international markets. The book highlights certain economic characteristics such as the industry’s vertical and horizontal structure, the composition of consumer demand and the role of government in safety, planning and investment. With the understanding of the industry's long term development, the book helps to illustrate the relationship between natural gas producers and importers of LNG. This book would be of interest to scholars majoring in resource economics and energy economics, as well as to international practitioners in the natural gas market.
Author : C. Kuzemko,A. Belyi,A. Goldthau,M. Keating
Publisher : Springer
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2012-03-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780230370944
Energy in Europe and Russia is in flux. This book presents a rich set of case studies for analyzing the complex and intertwined regional dynamics of multiple actors, levels, and policy fields in energy throughout Europe and Russia, with the aim of offering an alternative view to the prevalent geopolitical or neoliberal approaches.
Author : Manfred Hafner,Simone Tagliapietra
Publisher : Springer
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2017-08-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319558011
This book explores in detail the challenges which the European gas markets currently face, and the opportunities they present. Bringing together some of the most prominent gas experts on Europe from both academia and industry, this edited volume provides a comprehensive analysis of the various economic, political and technological factors that interact in this sector. Featuring a Foreword by Maroš Šefčovič, Vice-President of the European Commission in charge of the Energy Union, contributions explore a wide range of issues, such as the role of gas in decarbonizing Europe, the outlook of Europe’s gas demand, supply and pricing, and global LNG dynamics. Country specific studies include Russia, Norway, the Netherlands, and Germany, with regional studies including North Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean. Alongside detailed analysis of this complex sector it also puts forward a set of policy recommendations for the sector’s key stakeholders. This volume will be of interest to researchers and academics, as well as practitioners and professionals within European gas markets.