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In his work on rings of operators in Hilbert space, John von Neumann discovered a new mathematical structure that resembled the lattice system Ln. In characterizing its properties, von Newmann founded the field of continuous geometry. For students and researchers interested in ring theory or projective geometries, von Neumann discusses his findings and their applications.
In his work on rings of operators in Hilbert space, John von Neumann discovered a new mathematical structure that resembled the lattice system Ln. In characterizing its properties, von Neumann founded the field of continuous geometry. This book, based on von Neumann's lecture notes, begins with the development of the axioms of continuous geometry, dimension theory, and--for the irreducible case--the function D(a). The properties of regular rings are then discussed, and a variety of results are presented for lattices that are continuous geometries, for which irreducibility is not assumed. For students and researchers interested in ring theory or projective geometries, this book is required reading.
Algebraical and Topological Foundations of Geometry by Hans Freudenthal Pdf
Algebraical and Topological Foundations of Geometry contains the proceedings of the Colloquium on Algebraic and Topological Foundations of Geometry, held in Utrecht, the Netherlands in August 1959. The papers review the algebraical and topological foundations of geometry and cover topics ranging from the geometric algebra of the Möbius plane to the theory of parallels with applications to closed geodesies. Groups of homeomorphisms and topological descriptive planes are also discussed. Comprised of 26 chapters, this book introduces the reader to the theory of parallels with applications to closed geodesies; groups of homeomorphisms; complemented modular lattices; and topological descriptive planes. Subsequent chapters focus on collineation groups; exceptional algebras and exceptional groups; the connection between algebra and constructions with ruler and compasses; and the use of differential geometry and analytic group theory methods in foundations of geometry. Von Staudt projectivities of Moufang planes are also considered, and an axiomatic treatment of polar geometry is presented. This monograph will be of interest to students of mathematics.
Continuous Geometry (PMS-25) by John von Neumann Pdf
In his work on rings of operators in Hilbert space, John von Neumann discovered a new mathematical structure that resembled the lattice system Ln. In characterizing its properties, von Neumann founded the field of continuous geometry. This book, based on von Neumann's lecture notes, begins with the development of the axioms of continuous geometry, dimension theory, andDLfor the irreducible caseDLthe function D(a). The properties of regular rings are then discussed, and a variety of results are presented for lattices that are continuous geometries, for which irreducibility is not assumed. For students and researchers interested in ring theory or projective geometries, this book is required reading. This historic book should be in the hands of everyone interested in rings and projective geometry. DLR. J. Smith, The Australian Journal of Science Much in this book is still of great value, partly because it cannot be found elsewhere ... partly because of the very clear and comprehensible presentation. This makes the book valuable for a first study of continuous geometry as well as for research in this field. DLF. D. Veldkamp, Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde
Modern Projective Geometry by Claude-Alain Faure,Alfred Frölicher Pdf
This monograph develops projective geometries and provides a systematic treatment of morphisms. It introduces a new fundamental theorem and its applications describing morphisms of projective geometries in homogeneous coordinates by semilinear maps. Other topics treated include three equivalent definitions of projective geometries and their correspondence with certain lattices; quotients of projective geometries and isomorphism theorems; and recent results in dimension theory.
This English version of the path-breaking French book on this subject gives the definitive treatment of the revolutionary approach to measure theory, geometry, and mathematical physics developed by Alain Connes. Profusely illustrated and invitingly written, this book is ideal for anyone who wants to know what noncommutative geometry is, what it can do, or how it can be used in various areas of mathematics, quantization, and elementary particles and fields. First full treatment of the subject and its applications Written by the pioneer of this field Broad applications in mathematics Of interest across most fields Ideal as an introduction and survey Examples treated include: the space of Penrose tilings the space of leaves of a foliation the space of irreducible unitary representations of a discrete group the phase space in quantum mechanics the Brillouin zone in the quantum Hall effect A model of space time
Stochastic Geometry by W. Weil,A. Baddeley,I. Bárány,R. Schneider Pdf
Stochastic Geometry is the mathematical discipline which studies mathematical models for random geometric structures. This book collects lectures presented at the CIME summer school in Martina Franca in September 2004. The main lecturers covered Spatial Statistics, Random Points, Integral Geometry and Random Sets. These are complemented by two additional contributions on Random Mosaics and Crystallization Processes. The book presents a comprehensive and up-to-date description of important aspects of Stochastic Geometry.
Continuous Symmetry by William H. Barker,Roger Howe Pdf
The fundamental idea of geometry is that of symmetry. With that principle as the starting point, Barker and Howe begin an insightful and rewarding study of Euclidean geometry. The primary focus of the book is on transformations of the plane. The transformational point of view provides both a path for deeper understanding of traditional synthetic geometry and tools for providing proofs that spring from a consistent point of view. As a result, proofs become more comprehensible, as techniques can be used and reused in similar settings. The approach to the material is very concrete, with complete explanations of all the important ideas, including foundational background. The discussions of the nine-point circle and wallpaper groups are particular examples of how the strength of the transformational point of view and the care of the authors' exposition combine to give a remarkable presentation of topics in geometry. This text is for a one-semester undergraduate course on geometry. It is richly illustrated and contains hundreds of exercises.
The Legacy of John Von Neumann by James G. Glimm,John Impagliazzo,Isadore Singer Pdf
The ideas of John von Neumann have had a profound influence on modern mathematics and science. One of the great thinkers of our century, von Neumann initiated major branches of mathematics--from operator algebras to game theory to scientific computing--and had a fundamental impact on such areas as self-adjoint operators, ergodic theory and the foundations of quantum mechanics, and numerical analysis and the design of the modern computer. This volume contains the proceedings of an AMS Symposium in Pure Mathematics, held at Hofstra University, in May 1988. The symposium brought together some of the foremost researchers in the wide range of areas in which von Neumann worked. These articles illustrate the sweep of von Neumann's ideas and thinking and document their influence on contemporary mathematics. In addition, some of those who knew von Neumann when he was alive have presented here personal reminiscences about him. This book is directed to those interested in operator theory, game theory, ergodic theory, and scientific computing, as well as to historians of mathematics and others having an interest in the contemporary history of the mathematical sciences. This book will give readers an appreciation for the workings of the mind of one of the mathematical giants of our time.
A Course in Metric Geometry by Dmitri Burago,Yuri Burago,Sergei Ivanov Pdf
“Metric geometry” is an approach to geometry based on the notion of length on a topological space. This approach experienced a very fast development in the last few decades and penetrated into many other mathematical disciplines, such as group theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations. The objective of this graduate textbook is twofold: to give a detailed exposition of basic notions and techniques used in the theory of length spaces, and, more generally, to offer an elementary introduction into a broad variety of geometrical topics related to the notion of distance, including Riemannian and Carnot-Carathéodory metrics, the hyperbolic plane, distance-volume inequalities, asymptotic geometry (large scale, coarse), Gromov hyperbolic spaces, convergence of metric spaces, and Alexandrov spaces (non-positively and non-negatively curved spaces). The authors tend to work with “easy-to-touch” mathematical objects using “easy-to-visualize” methods. The authors set a challenging goal of making the core parts of the book accessible to first-year graduate students. Most new concepts and methods are introduced and illustrated using simplest cases and avoiding technicalities. The book contains many exercises, which form a vital part of the exposition.
Differential Geometry of Manifolds by Stephen Lovett Pdf
Differential Geometry of Manifolds, Second Edition presents the extension of differential geometry from curves and surfaces to manifolds in general. The book provides a broad introduction to the field of differentiable and Riemannian manifolds, tying together classical and modern formulations. It introduces manifolds in a both streamlined and mathematically rigorous way while keeping a view toward applications, particularly in physics. The author takes a practical approach, containing extensive exercises and focusing on applications, including the Hamiltonian formulations of mechanics, electromagnetism, string theory. The Second Edition of this successful textbook offers several notable points of revision. New to the Second Edition: New problems have been added and the level of challenge has been changed to the exercises Each section corresponds to a 60-minute lecture period, making it more user-friendly for lecturers Includes new sections which provide more comprehensive coverage of topics Features a new chapter on Multilinear Algebra
Riemannian Geometry In An Orthogonal Frame by Anonim Pdf
Foreword by S S Chern In 1926-27, Cartan gave a series of lectures in which he introduced exterior forms at the very beginning and used extensively orthogonal frames throughout to investigate the geometry of Riemannian manifolds. In this course he solved a series of problems in Euclidean and non-Euclidean spaces, as well as a series of variational problems on geodesics. In 1960, Sergei P Finikov translated from French into Russian his notes of these Cartan's lectures and published them as a book entitled Riemannian Geometry in an Orthogonal Frame. This book has many innovations, such as the notion of intrinsic normal differentiation and the Gaussian torsion of a submanifold in a Euclidean multidimensional space or in a space of constant curvature, an affine connection defined in a normal fiber bundle of a submanifold, etc. It has now been translated into English by Vladislav V Goldberg, currently Distinguished Professor of Mathematics at the New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA, who also edited the Russian edition.