Cooperative Research And Development The Industry University Government Relationship

Author : Albert N. Link,Gregory Tassey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789400925229

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Cooperative Research and Development: The Industry—University—Government Relationship by Albert N. Link,Gregory Tassey Pdf

We must all hang together or surely we will all hang separately. Benjamin Franklin The significant apathy that characterized relationships between indus try and universities and the adversarial nature of relationships between industry and government have both faded rapidly in the 1980s as the realities of global competition have surfaced in the United States. Both industry and government leaders articulate a number of constructs for regaining our competitiveness in world markets. One of the more fre quent strategies prescribed in this new competitiveness era is cooperation. Different individuals or groups may espouse different definitions, inter pretations, or areas of emphasis, but the overall importance of this concept is substantial. Although examples of cooperative research have existed for several decades, the number and variety of relationships have expanded rapidly in the 1980s as corporations, universities, and governments have embraced this strategy. Joint ventures involving two or three firms increased from under 200 per year in the 1970s to over 400 per year by the mid-1980s. Multiple-firm cooperative arrangements are a more recent phenomenon, made possible by the National Cooperative Research Act of 1984. By mid- 1988,81 of these industry-level consortia had formed under the provisions of the 1984 Act. The rapid growth in cooperative research and development (R&D) is primarily a response to the pressures of international competition. As a corporate strategy, cooperative R&D meets short-term needs for assets to implement new approaches for coping with intensifying competition.

Author : Craig Boardman,Denis O. Gray,Drew Rivers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-09-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461443872

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Cooperative Research Centers and Technical Innovation by Craig Boardman,Denis O. Gray,Drew Rivers Pdf

At a time when scientific and technical innovation now requires a multitude of heterogeneous inputs and expertise from the public and private sectors alike, cooperative research centers (CRCs) have emerged as the predominant vehicle for cross-sector collaboration. In the U.S. alone, there are thousands of CRCs on university campuses, and agencies like the National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense, and more recently the Department of Energy fund CRCs to address some of the nation’s most formidable challenges with science and technology, including cancer and other diseases, terrorism surveillance and the detection of weapons of mass destruction, and new energy technologies and smart energy grid development. Industry oftentimes participates in CRCs for access to knowledge, capacity development, and to mitigate risk. This volume includes research investigating CRCs from North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia to explore the dynamics of CRCs, including but not limited to resource allocation, structure, level of sponsorship, organization and membership, management and operations, objectives and goals, and in doing so identifies both differences and similarities across institutional and national contexts. The volume sheds light on the role of CRCs in promoting innovation, S&T policy, and economic development, and on the practical aspects of successful CRC management. Moreover, the works included in the volume consider the implications for the various stakeholder groups (firms, universities, researchers, students, policymakers) invested in CRCs.

Author : Dorin Schumacher
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0803944411

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Get Funded! by Dorin Schumacher Pdf

In a time of shrinking government support for academic research, this manual for academics and researchers on how to persuade private businesses to sponsor research projects and programmes will be most welcome. It includes practical, down-to-earth suggestions for locating an appropriate company, making the initial contact, negotiating a research grant and writing and reporting research results. As well as this, Get Funded! establishes a wider context of university-industry ethical concerns and makes the case for a true partnership between academia and business.

Author : Joanna A. Poyago-Theotoky
Publisher : Springer
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1997-10-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349258147

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Competition, Cooperation, Research and Development by Joanna A. Poyago-Theotoky Pdf

Innovation is a major contributory factor to economic growth. How can it be encouraged? One solution favoured especially in highly-competitive high-tech industries is cooperation in research and development. The theoretical issues raised by these joint ventures are examined in these essays which cover all aspects for growth, technology, competition and welfare. Contributions from the UK, Europe, North America and Asia ensure a broad international approach. There is an indepth study of European technology policy.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Medical Follow-Up Agency,Committee on Alternative Funding Strategies for DOD's Peer Reviewed Medical Research Programs
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2004-11-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309092777

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Strategies to Leverage Research Funding by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Medical Follow-Up Agency,Committee on Alternative Funding Strategies for DOD's Peer Reviewed Medical Research Programs Pdf

Since 1992 the Department of Defense (DOD), through the U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command, has received congressionally earmarked appropriations for programs of biomedical research on prostate, breast, and ovarian cancer; neurofibromatosis; tuberous sclerosis; and other health problems. Appropriations for these Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs are used to support peer reviewed extramural research project, training, and infrastructure grants. Congress has become concerned about funding increases for these programs given current demands on the military budget. At the request of Congress, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) examined possibilities of augmenting program funding from alternative sources. The resulting IOM book, Strategies to Leverage Research Funding: Guiding DOD's Peer Reviewed Medical Research Programs, focuses on nonfederal and private sector contributions that could extend the appropriated funds without biasing the peer review project selection process.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781785600326

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New Technology-Based Firms in the New Millennium by Anonim Pdf

The papers in this volume address key themes relating to improving our understanding of the processes involved in high-technology entrepreneurship and of the design of effective policy to promote it. Topics examined include start-ups, entrepreneurship clusters, inter-firm collaboration, and growth strategy for high-technology small firms.

Author : National Science Board (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Research
ISBN : UOM:35128000863736

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University-industry Research Relationships by National Science Board (U.S.) Pdf

Author : Advisory Committee to the Director, National Institutes of Health
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Industries
ISBN : NWU:35558000750550

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Cooperative Research Relationships with Industry by Advisory Committee to the Director, National Institutes of Health Pdf

Author : National Science Board (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UIUC:30112102047112

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University-industry Research Relationships by National Science Board (U.S.) Pdf

Author : D. Rahm,J. Kirkland,Barry Bozeman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789401595742

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University-Industry R&D Collaboration in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan by D. Rahm,J. Kirkland,Barry Bozeman Pdf

Over the last several decades there has been a growing interest in Research & Development (R&D) policy. This is particularly so in advanced industrialized nations that have adopted science- and technology- based strategies for national economic competitiveness. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan -- the three nations that are the subjects of this book -- share this policy strategy. Each of these nations is committed to hamessing the innovations that stern from scientific and technological advance to promote national economic prosperity. Governments can influence their nation's R&D efIort in three general ways. First, they can directly fund the R&D efIort through grants, loans, appropriations, or government contracts. Second, they can provide tax and financing incentives to encourage higher levels of private sector R&D. Third, they can use their power to create inter-organizational collaborations that vastly extend and expand the nation's collective R&D efIort. University-industry collaborations are a principal type of these inter organizational R&D efIorts -- and the focus of this book.

Author : Stephen Martin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1021 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2010-04-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199291199

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Industrial Organization in Context by Stephen Martin Pdf

Industrial Organization in Context examines the economics of markets, industries and their participants and public policy towards these entities. It takes an international approach and incorporates discussion of experimental tests of economic models.

Author : P. de Wolf
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789401133265

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Competition in Europe by P. de Wolf Pdf

Competition in Europe, which has been chosen as the title for the Essays in Honour of Henk W. de Jong, contains two key concepts, that characterize his scientific contribution to Industrial Organisation. Professor H.W. de Jong is in the first place an economist who is highly inspired by the dynamics of markets in general and the dynamics and conditions of compe tition in particular. In the second place, H.W. de Jong is a real European economist, not in the sense that his theoretical insights are limited to Europe, but in the sense that his ideas and policy suggestions - especially those concerning competition policy - reflect his sincere involvement in the European inte gration process and the economic conditions and perspectives of a Common Market for the European Community. In his many illustrations of the evolution of markets and the performance of enterprises in different business environments, H.W. de Jong also demonstrates his knowledge of historical and political aspects of different economies in Europe, often in comparison with the United States and Japan.

Author : Gerrit Reepmeyer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2006-02-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783790816686

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Risk-sharing in the Pharmaceutical Industry by Gerrit Reepmeyer Pdf

The productivity in pharmaceutical research and development faces intense pres sure. R&D expenditures of the major US and European companies have topped US$ 33 billion in 2003 compared to around US$ 13 billion just a decade ago. At the same time, the number of new drug approvals has dropped from 53 in 1996 to only 35 in 2003. Moreover, the protraction of clinical trials has significantly reduced the effective time of patent protection. The consequences are devastating. Monopoly profits have started to decline and the average costs per new drug have reached a re cord level of close to US$ 1 billion today. As a result, any failure of a new sub stance in the R&D process can lead to considerable losses, and the risks of introduc ing a new drug to the market have grown tremendously. Particularly if a company is highly dependent on just a handful of mega-selling blockbuster drugs, the risks can be even greater. For example, Pfizer generated about 90% of its worldwide revenues in 2002 with just 8 products. Any shortfall of a promising late-stage drug candidate would have left Pfizer with a gaping hole in its product portfolio. In order to deal with these risks, many pharmaceutical companies have started to organize their R&D in partnership. In fact, more than 600 alliances in pharmaceutical R&D are signed every year.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Electronic journals
ISBN : UIUC:30112001076691

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Science & Engineering Indicators by Anonim Pdf

Author : Kirsty S. Hughes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1993-05-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521434432

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European Competitiveness by Kirsty S. Hughes Pdf

This book analyses the key factors determining European competitiveness. It focuses in particular on the issues of internationalization of firms and markets, the role of technology and innovation, and of continuing European integration, and deals with these issues on the level of firms, industries and countries. The competitiveness of the EC as a whole, relative to the USA and Japan, is also examined. Part I deals with internationalization, the organization of firms, and the activities of multinationals in Europe. Part II focuses on trends in technological competitiveness, and its importance in growth and trade performance. Part III is concerned with structural change, the integration of the European market, competition and mergers, the role of the public sector, and the role of cultural differences. The book ends by addressing the role of industrial policy in the future of the Eastern European economies.