Creating Policy Space In Low Income Countries During The Recent Crises

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Creating Policy Space in Low-Income Countries during the Recent Crises

Author : Mr.Paolo Dudine,Sibabrata Das,Ms.Pritha Mitra,Yongzheng Yang,Eteri Kvintradze,MissNkunde Mwase
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2010-03-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781589069305

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Creating Policy Space in Low-Income Countries during the Recent Crises by Mr.Paolo Dudine,Sibabrata Das,Ms.Pritha Mitra,Yongzheng Yang,Eteri Kvintradze,MissNkunde Mwase Pdf

Low-income countries were hit especially hard by sharp increases in world food and fuel prices in 2007-08 and the global financial crisis that followed. In response, the International Monetary Fund scaled up its financial assistance to low-income countries and revamped its concessional lending facilities to make them more flexible in meeting the diverse needs of these countries. Creating Policy Space in Low-Income Countries during the Recent Crises assesses empirically the outcome of the IMF response, and provides insight into how IMF-supported programs in low-income countries have been adapted to the changing economic circumstances in these countries. The authors report that these programs have provided expanded policy space in the face of the global price shocks and financial crisis.

Creating Policy Space - Responsive Design and Streamlined Conditionality in Recent Low-Income Country Programs

Author : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 45 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2009-09-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498335508

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Creating Policy Space - Responsive Design and Streamlined Conditionality in Recent Low-Income Country Programs by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department Pdf

An analysis of recent programs in low-income countries, covering countries with continuous program engagement with the IMF throughout the period 2007-09, shows that program design has been adapted to provide expanded policy space in response to the food and fuel price shocks of 2007-08 and to the global financial crisis that followed. The analysis also finds that structural conditionality in Fund-supported programs in low-income countries has become more streamlined, with a dominant focus on public sector resource management and accountability.

Coping with the Global Financial Crisis

Author : Ms.Stefania Fabrizio
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2010-03-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781589069299

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Coping with the Global Financial Crisis by Ms.Stefania Fabrizio Pdf

This forthcoming title in the Departmental Paper Series describes the special challenges facing low-income countries as economic growth contracts by an estimated 1.1 percent globally. Coping with the Crisis: Challenges Facing Low-Income Countries provides an assessment of the implications of the financial crisis for low-income countries, evaluates the short-term macroeconomic outlook for these countries, and discusses the policy challenges they face. Chapters cover the outlook for global economic growth and commodity prices, an overview of how low-income countries have been affected, fiscal policy, monetary and exchange rate policy responses, potential external financing needs and how the international community, including the IMF, can help countries meet them. The challenges ahead for low-income countries are delineated, including debt vulnerabilities and the need for countries to develop well-regulated local capital markets and banking systems, as well as enhanced public sector efficiency.

The Implications of the Global Financial Crisis for Low-Income Countries—An Update

Author : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department,International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2009-09-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498335416

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The Implications of the Global Financial Crisis for Low-Income Countries—An Update by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department,International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department Pdf

Low-income countries are being hit hard by the global financial crisis. They are facing a sharp contraction in export growth, FDI inflows, and remittances, and lower-than-committed aid. But a marked recovery is in prospect for 2010 helped by rising world demand and supported by short-term domestic policies. Countries are using fiscal and other policies to respond to the crisis and should continue to do so, where appropriate, until the economic recovery is clearly underway. However, the risks to debt sustainability are rising and countries should begin preparing to realign policies toward medium-term sustainability once the recovery is clearly on the move. Additional highly concessional donor support is needed to ensure that countries are not forced to make these adjustments prematurely, and to facilitate a smooth return to a sustainable debt path, with strong growth, over the medium term.

The Global Social Crisis

Author : United Nations,United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Publisher : UN
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : MINN:31951D03404215Y

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The Global Social Crisis by United Nations,United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Pdf

During 2008-2009, the world experienced its worst financial and economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The crisis followed the effects of the food and fuel price hikes in 2007 and 2008. In 2009, global output contracted by 2 per cent. This 2011 Report on the World Social Situation reviews the ongoing adverse social consequences of these crises after an overview of its causes and transmission.

When Things Don't Fall Apart

Author : Ilene Grabel
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262037259

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When Things Don't Fall Apart by Ilene Grabel Pdf

An account of the significant though gradual, uneven, disconnected, ad hoc, and pragmatic innovations in global financial governance and developmental finance induced by the global financial crisis. In When Things Don't Fall Apart, Ilene Grabel challenges the dominant view that the global financial crisis had little effect on global financial governance and developmental finance. Most observers discount all but grand, systemic ruptures in institutions and policy. Grabel argues instead that the global crisis induced inconsistent and ad hoc discontinuities in global financial governance and developmental finance that are now having profound effects on emerging market and developing economies. Grabel's chief normative claim is that the resulting incoherence in global financial governance is productive rather than debilitating. In the age of productive incoherence, a more complex, dense, fragmented, and pluripolar form of global financial governance is expanding possibilities for policy and institutional experimentation, policy space for economic and human development, financial stability and resilience, and financial inclusion. Grabel draws on key theoretical commitments of Albert Hirschman to cement the case for the productivity of incoherence. Inspired by Hirschman, Grabel demonstrates that meaningful change often emerges from disconnected, erratic, experimental, and inconsistent adjustments in institutions and policies as actors pragmatically manage in an evolving world. Grabel substantiates her claims with empirically rich case studies that explore the effects of recent crises on networks of financial governance (such as the G-20); transformations within the IMF; institutional innovations in liquidity support and project finance from the national to the transregional levels; and the “rebranding” of capital controls. Grabel concludes with a careful examination of the opportunities and risks associated with the evolutionary transformations underway.

Global Waves of Debt

Author : M. Ayhan Kose,Peter Nagle,Franziska Ohnsorge,Naotaka Sugawara
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815454

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Global Waves of Debt by M. Ayhan Kose,Peter Nagle,Franziska Ohnsorge,Naotaka Sugawara Pdf

The global economy has experienced four waves of rapid debt accumulation over the past 50 years. The first three debt waves ended with financial crises in many emerging market and developing economies. During the current wave, which started in 2010, the increase in debt in these economies has already been larger, faster, and broader-based than in the previous three waves. Current low interest rates mitigate some of the risks associated with high debt. However, emerging market and developing economies are also confronted by weak growth prospects, mounting vulnerabilities, and elevated global risks. A menu of policy options is available to reduce the likelihood that the current debt wave will end in crisis and, if crises do take place, will alleviate their impact.

Policy Space Index: Short-Term Response to a Catastrophic Event

Author : José Ferrer,Mr. Alexei P Kireyev
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2022-06-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400213519

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Policy Space Index: Short-Term Response to a Catastrophic Event by José Ferrer,Mr. Alexei P Kireyev Pdf

What policy space does a country have for a short-term response to a catastrophic event? To quantify this space, the paper proposes a policy space index. The index combines a quantitative, albeit relatively limited and narrow, fiscal space concept with the indicators of nominal monetary space and reserve space. Each nominal policy space indicator is then adjusted for individual country’s institutional features, such as the status of its currency, income group, access to capital markets, debt distress level, and the exchange rate regime. The final policy space index is derived as a composite of the three nominal policy space indicators, each adjusted for five institutional features. This index is different from the approach to measure fiscal space at the IMF and requires more work before it can be used operationally. The proposed index allows measuring the overall policy space in each country directly in percent of GDP. By way of illustration, the paper applies the index to the Covid-19 crisis.

Critical and Feminist Perspectives on Financial and Economic Crises

Author : Sakiko Fukuda-Parr,James Heintz,Stephanie Seguino
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317519195

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Critical and Feminist Perspectives on Financial and Economic Crises by Sakiko Fukuda-Parr,James Heintz,Stephanie Seguino Pdf

Economic and financial crises have become perennial features of today’s global economy. Macroeconomic theories of crisis, including the global crisis that unfolded in 2008, emphasize the role of financial deregulation; capital flow imbalances; and growing debt, fueled by income and wealth inequality. These approaches tend to be divorced from feminist thinking which analyzes broader distributional dynamics transmitted through structural channels and government policy responses, with an emphasis on gender, race, class and ethnicity. This volume brings together innovative thinking from heterodox macroeconomists and feminist economists to explore the causes, consequences, and ramifications of economic crises. By doing so, it highlights aspects of the economy that are frequently overlooked or ignored, such as the impact of crises on the vast amount of unpaid work which women perform relative to men. The collection of international studies assembled here takes an innovative approach to analyzing a range of issues, from the subprime mortgage crisis to the gendered effects of austerity to the role of the International Monetary Fund in governing an unstable global economy. In so doing, it looks beyond causes and consequences and points to new directions for macroeconomic and financial policy. This book was originally published as a special issue of Feminist Economics.

Globalization and Poverty

Author : Ann Harrison
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 675 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2007-11-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226318004

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Globalization and Poverty by Ann Harrison Pdf

Over the past two decades, the percentage of the world’s population living on less than a dollar a day has been cut in half. How much of that improvement is because of—or in spite of—globalization? While anti-globalization activists mount loud critiques and the media report breathlessly on globalization’s perils and promises, economists have largely remained silent, in part because of an entrenched institutional divide between those who study poverty and those who study trade and finance. Globalization and Poverty bridges that gap, bringing together experts on both international trade and poverty to provide a detailed view of the effects of globalization on the poor in developing nations, answering such questions as: Do lower import tariffs improve the lives of the poor? Has increased financial integration led to more or less poverty? How have the poor fared during various currency crises? Does food aid hurt or help the poor? Poverty, the contributors show here, has been used as a popular and convenient catchphrase by parties on both sides of the globalization debate to further their respective arguments. Globalization and Poverty provides the more nuanced understanding necessary to move that debate beyond the slogans.

International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021

Author : International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 74 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2021-10-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513568812

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International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2021 by International Monetary Fund. Secretary's Department Pdf

A recovery is underway, but the economic fallout from the global pandemic could be with us for years to come. With the crisis exacerbating prepandemic vulnerabilities, country prospects are diverging. Nearly half of emerging market and developing economies and some middle-income countries are now at risk of falling further behind, undoing much of the progress made toward achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Is Fiscal Policy the Answer?

Author : Blanca Moreno-Dodson
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-11-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821396315

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Is Fiscal Policy the Answer? by Blanca Moreno-Dodson Pdf

The effects of fiscal policy measures, both taxes and public spending, adopted by developing countries in response to the 2009 global crisis are still uncertain. This book discusses them using an analytical framework that allows for distilling possible implications on growth and social welfare.

Managing Public Debt-Formulating Strategies and Strengthening Institutional Capacity

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2009-04-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498336222

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Managing Public Debt-Formulating Strategies and Strengthening Institutional Capacity by International Monetary Fund Pdf

In May 2007, the IMF and World Bank Boards discussed the paper "Strengthening Debt Management Practices: Lessons from Country Experiences and Issues Going Forward". In those discussions, the Boards of both institutions endorsed a public debt management (PDM) work program that was particularly focused on strengthening frameworks and capacity in low-income countries (LICs). This comprised three main elements: (i) develop a toolkit to help LICs formulate an effective Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy (MTDS) and apply it in 4–6 countries a year; (ii) undertake debt management performance assessments; and (iii) continue the provision of debt management and domestic market development technical assistance (TA) and advisory services to middle-income countries (MICs). This paper is a response to the Boards' request for an update on the development and implementation of that work program. Developing a Medium-Term Debt Management Strategy (MTDS)— Guidance Note for Country Authorities Debt Management Performance Assessment Tool (DEMPA) Developing a Medium Term Debt Management Strategy: User Guide and Analytical Tool — In March 2009, the Executive Boards of the World Bank and the IMF endorsed the Medium Term Debt Management Strategy (MTDS) Framework developed by IMF and World Bank staff to help countries elaborate effective debt management strategies. The MTDS framework and toolkit comprises two elements: An operational guidance note (GN) and a spreadsheet-based analytical tool (AT). The GN provides practical guidance on the process of developing an effective MTDS, describing each step involved, while the AT provides quantitative analysis to guide the MTDS decision-making process.

Rethinking Development Strategies After the Financial Crisis

Author : Alfredo Fernando Calcagno,Sebastian Dullien,Alejandro Márquez-Velázquez,Nicolas Maystre,Jan Priewe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9211128943

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Rethinking Development Strategies After the Financial Crisis by Alfredo Fernando Calcagno,Sebastian Dullien,Alejandro Márquez-Velázquez,Nicolas Maystre,Jan Priewe Pdf

Recent economic trends and the challenges posed by the global crisis reinforce the importance of implementing strategies for development as opposed to leaving the economy to market forces. Countries need a strategic compass for long-run economic development. This comprises macroeconomic policies, sectoral policies (including financial sector, trade and industrial policies), institution building in key areas and development-friendly global governance. Within a chosen medium- or long-term strategy, governments need more policy space to adjust to the specific (and evolving) social, historical and institutional context. In this volume, issues that all developing countries need to handle are discussed.

Financial Crises

Author : Mr.Stijn Claessens,Mr.Ayhan Kose,Mr.Luc Laeven,Mr.Fabian Valencia
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 670 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2014-02-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475543407

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Financial Crises by Mr.Stijn Claessens,Mr.Ayhan Kose,Mr.Luc Laeven,Mr.Fabian Valencia Pdf

The lingering effects of the economic crisis are still visible—this shows a clear need to improve our understanding of financial crises. This book surveys a wide range of crises, including banking, balance of payments, and sovereign debt crises. It begins with an overview of the various types of crises and introduces a comprehensive database of crises. Broad lessons on crisis prevention and management, as well as the short-term economic effects of crises, recessions, and recoveries, are discussed.