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Author : Aymo Brunetti,Gregory Kisunko,Beatrice Weder
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Crecimiento economico
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Gregory Kisunko
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:913715682
April 1997 An indicator of the credibility of rules is constructed from broad cross-country survey data and it is shown that low credibility is associated with lower rates of growth and investment. Economic theory and case study evidence have long suggested that institutional factors, such as well-defined property and contract rights, may be crucial in explaining differences in economic performance across countries. Much of the recent discussion about governance has, for example, focused on the role of corruption and its consequences for investment and growth. By comparison, the empirical literature relating institutional factors with growth has been relatively scarce and has mainly concentrated on crude proxies such as political instability and macroeconomic volatility. The problem of most of these variables in that they inadequately capture the uncertainties that are relevant for entrepreneurs. Brunetti, Kisunko, and Weder propose new measures of institutional uncertainty based on the subjective evaluations of entrepreneurs. They surveyed the private sector in a broad cross-section of countries. The survey was designed to capture institutional factors such as the predictability of rules, entrepreneurs' fears of policy surprises and reversals, their perception of safety and security of property, the reliability of the judiciary, and their problems with bureaucratic corruption. The authors construct and test a summary indicator of the credibility of rules, as well as its components in standard cross-country growth and investment regressions. The main findings: The overall indicator of credibility is significantly related with higher rates of investment and growth. The credibility indicator calculated for the subsample of small local companies is even more closely related to the growth performance. The subindicators security of persons and property and predictability of rule-making are most closely associated with growth. The indicators of corruption, perceived political instability, and predictability of judiciary enforcement are most closely associated with investment. Preliminary results for an extended sample - including transition economies - indicate that institutional factors may also help to explain differences in economic performance in these countries. This paper - a product of the Office of the Chief Economist and Senior Vice President, Development Economics- was produced as a background paper for World Development Report 1997 on the role of the state in a changing world. The study was funded in part by the Research Support Budget under the research projects Cross-Country Indicators of Institutional Uncertainty (RPO 680-51), and Indicators of Government Quality as Perceived by the Private Sector (RPO 681-52).
Author : Gregory Kisunko
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290705979
An indicator of the credi ...
Author : Aymo Brunetti
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:753204491
Author : Aymo Brunetti,Gregory Kisunko,Beatrice Weder
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Business and politics
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Aymo Brunetti,Beatrice Weder
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821341596
Looking decades ahead into the future, many informed observers see China moving steadily to the top of the world's economic league. Several sources, including the OECD, forecast that the country will be the world's largest economy by 2020. China's urban economy has been the driving force behind the country's recent trends of accelerated growth. By the same token, deterioration in the urban centers could constrain future growth. The Dynamics of Urban Growth in Three Chinese Cities looks at the interplay between geography, size, and industrial structure that determines the industrial vigor of cities. Their conclusions, abundantly illustrated through the experience of the Chinese cities of Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangzhou, is that each of these factors must be made to work for the city through effective policymaking. The authors compare these cities with each other in the context of the changes sweeping China's economy, review their history and their reform programs from the early 1980s to the mid-1990s, and examine their infrastructure and human capital. The volume includes maps of the cities and their outlying areas and of China's road and rail system, as well as figures depicting the industrial structure of each city. Published for the World Bank by Oxford University Press.
Author : Guy Pierre Pfeffermann,Gregory Kisunko,Mariusz A. Sumlinski
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1999-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821344757
This is the tenth annual edition of "Trends in Private Investment in Developing Countries." To mark this event, this report includes figures for each of the countries for which data are available as well as the first country-specific results of a worldwide survey on obstacles to doing business perceived by executives in 74 countries (including several industrial countries for comparison). The first part of this report documents trends in private and public fixed investment. The second part presents country-specific results of a 1996/97 worldwide survey of business executives. The discussion focus on obstacles to doing business and their relationship to levels of private investment. A few factors emerge as being of particular importance to private investment decisions:the real exchange rate, the rule of law, predictability of judiciary systems, and the extent to which financing is available to enterprises.
Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2014-10-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464803529
Twelfth in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 189 economies, Doing Business 2015 measures regulations affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity: Starting a business Dealing with construction permits Getting electricity Registering property Getting credit Protecting minority investors Paying taxes Trading across borders Enforcing contracts Resolving insolvency Labor market regulations This year's report will present data for a second city for the 11 economies with more than 100 million inhabitants. These are Bangladesh, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Russian Federation, and the United States. Three of the 10 topics covered have been expanded, with further plans to expand on five additional indicators in next year's report. Additionally, the Doing Business rankings are now based on the distance to the frontier measure where each economy is evaluated based on how close their business regulations are to the best global practices. This provides a more precise view of each economy's performance and its improvement over time. The report updates all indicators as of June 1, 2014, ranks economies on their overall 'ease of doing business,' and analyzes reforms to business regulation identifying which economies are strengthening their business environment the most. Doing Business illustrates how reforms in business regulations are being used to analyze economic outcomes for domestic entrepreneurs and for the wider economy. It is a flagship product produced in partnership by the World Bank and IFC that garners worldwide attention on regulatory barriers to entrepreneurship. More than 60 economies have used the Doing Business indicators to shape reform agendas and monitor improvements on the ground. In addition, the Doing Business data has generated over 2,000 articles in peer-reviewed academic journals since its inception.
Author : Geeta Batra,Daniel Kaufmann,Andrew H. W. Stone
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Globalization
ISBN : 082135390X
"The analysis of firm-level data collected through parallel international enterprise surveys can reveal important linkages between governance constraints and business growth and investment. The World Business Environment Survey (WBES), an initiative led by the World Bank Group in 1999 and 2000, collected enterprise data from more than 10,000 firms in 80 countries and one territory. Econometric analysis of responses to that survey points to a strong association between corruption, financing, regulatory and tax constraints, policy uncertainty, and protection of intellectual property rights with firm-level performance, as measured by sales and investment growth and participation in the formal economy." --Résumé de l'éditeur.
Author : Ivan Samson
Publisher : Editions Publibook
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782748303872
Author : Christos C. Frangos
Publisher : Christos Frangos
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-03-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9786188298026
This year’s Conference is organized by the Greek Foundation for Research in the Quantitative, Social and Economic Subjects, which is a non-profit Company with Articles of Association registered in the Chamber of Non-for- profit organizations. This Conference is a continuation, in a broader sense, of the four International Conferences which were organized by myself during the years 2003, 2009, 2013 and 2015, under the auspices of the Technological Educational Institute of Athens and of the 1st International Conference on Quantitative, Social, Biomedical and Economic Issues June 29-30, 2017, Athens, organized under the Auspices of the Greek Foundation for Research in the Quantitative, Social and Economic Subjects. This Conference is focusing on the Emerging New Technologies in every Sector, Financial, Social, Biomedical ,Humanitarian ,Educational and Economic , the influence which they exercise on Management, Education, Economy, Information and Communication, Medicine, Outer Space Research and the dangers and complications in people’s behavior generated from the uncontrollable use of the New Technologies.
Author : Felix Roth
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Economic development
ISBN : 9783030861865
For several decades now, advanced economies across the globe have been undergoing a process of rapid transformation towards becoming knowledge economies. It is now widely recognized that intangible capital has been a crucial element in the growth performance of these economies and their firms. In the author's view, "intangible capital" serves as the most appropriate umbrella term for capturing several dimensions of capital that are not tangible in nature but are nevertheless fundamentally important for growth. The term encompasses investments in education (human capital) and in informal (social capital) and formal (rule of law) institutions by the public sector and households, as well as investments by businesses aimed at enhancing their knowledge base, such as software, innovative property, and economic competencies. Intangible Capital and Growth is the first of two open access volumes presenting a selection of the author's essays on Labor Productivity, Monetary Economics, and the Political Economy, which represent the first part of his habilitation in economics. This first volume brings together eight of the author's essays, selected to provide an overview of the evolution of his research on intangible capital and growth [Resumen de la editorial]
Author : Dominik Zaum,Christine Cheng
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781136635915
This edited volume explores and evaluates the roles of corruption in post-conflict peacebuilding. The problem of corruption has become increasingly important in war to peace transitions, eroding confidence in new democratic institutions, undermining economic development, diverting scarce public resources, and reducing the delivery of vital social services. Conflict-affected countries offer an ideal environment for pervasive corruption. Their weak administrative institutions and fragile legal and judicial systems mean that they lack the capacity to effectively investigate and punish corrupt behaviour. In addition, the sudden inflow of donor aid into post-conflict countries and the desire of peacebuilding actors (including the UN, the international financial institutions, aid agencies, and non-governmental organisations) to disburse these funds quickly, create incentives and opportunities for corruption. While corruption imposes costs and compromises on peacebuilding efforts, opportunities for exploiting public office can also be used to entice armed groups into signing peace agreements, thus stabilising post-war environments. This book explores the different functions of corruption both conceptually and through the lens of a wide range of case studies. It also examines the impact of key anti-corruption policies on peacebuilding environments. The dynamics that shape the relationship between corruption and the political and economic developments in post-conflict countries are complex. This analysis highlights that fighting corruption is only one of several important peacebuilding objectives, and that due consideration must be given to the specific social and political context in considering how a sustainable peace can be achieved. This book will be of great interest to students of peacekeeping and peacebuilding, criminology, political economy, war and conflict studies, international security and IR.
Author : Aymo Brunetti,Gregory Kisunko,Beatrice Weder
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Economic indicators
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Author : Mirjam Schiffer,Beatrice Weder
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2001-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 082135003X
The development of the small and medium enterprise sector is deemed crucial for economic growth and poverty alleviation. Such firms are often though to be at a disadvantage when compared with larger enterprises, but the reverse can apply, for example in the more flexible approach of the smaller firm. This paper draws on a private sector survey in 80 countries examining whether business obstacles are related to firm size. It finds a bias against small firms, which experience significantly greater problems than large firms with financing, taxes and regulations, inflation, corruption and street crime. These problems should be the prime targets of policies aimed at reducing inequity.
