Crime And Disorder In Community Context

Author : Rebecca Wickes,Lorraine Mazerolle
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317360322

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Crime and Disorder in Community Context by Rebecca Wickes,Lorraine Mazerolle Pdf

Drawing on unique longitudinal community-level data in Brisbane, this book entwines current ecological theories of crime with key debates on the relevance of ‘community’ in contemporary urban life to examine the spatial and temporal relationships between community structure, community social capital, informal social control and the occurrence of crime and disorder. Crime and Disorder in Community Context extends what is known about the concentration of crime in particular types of places, presenting a broad reaching explication of how community structural characteristics, community regulatory processes and crime influence each other over time. It looks at how growing levels of ethnic diversity, income inequality and increasing immigrant concentrations at the community level influence processes necessary for the regulation of crime; the crime control processes for various crime problems in different types of communities; the extent that exogenous shocks, like the 2011 Brisbane flood disaster and the global financial crisis impact on crime, crime prevention and crime control; and engages readers with the methodological complexities associated with the longitudinal study of crime and disorder in contemporary urban communities. An accessible and compelling read, this will appeal to students and scholars of criminology, sociology, geography, cultural studies and all those interested in the relationship between crime and community.

Author : Rebecca Wickes,Lorraine Mazerolle
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Brisbane (Qld.)
ISBN : 113895151X

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Crime and Disorder in Community Context by Rebecca Wickes,Lorraine Mazerolle Pdf

Community dynamics shape the way communities function. Areas that suffer from high levels of crime and disorder often experience decreased social capital, declining property values; slow economic development; and high levels of fear of victimization among residents. Changing the dynamics that foster crime problems across urban communities is a challenge for policy makers, police, residents and local stakeholders. Drawing on unique longitudinal data at the community level, Crime and Disorder in Community Context entwines current ecological theories of crime with key debates on the relevance of ¿community¿ in contemporary urban life to examine the spatial and temporal relationships between community structure, community social capital, informal social control and the occurrence of crime and disorder.

Author : Per-Olof H. Wikström,Robert J. Sampson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2006-11-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781139460217

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The Explanation of Crime by Per-Olof H. Wikström,Robert J. Sampson Pdf

Integration of disciplines, theories and research orientations has assumed a central role in criminological discourse yet it remains difficult to identify any concrete discoveries or significant breakthroughs for which integration has been responsible. Concentrating on three key concepts: context, mechanisms, and development, this volume aims to advance integrated scientific knowledge on crime causation by bringing together different scholarly approaches. Through an analysis of the roles of behavioural contexts and individual differences in crime causation, The Explanation of Crime seeks to provide a unified and focused approach to the integration of knowledge. Chapter topics range from individual genetics to family environments and from ecological behaviour settings to the macro-level context of communities and social systems. This is a comprehensive treatment of the problem of crime causation that will appeal to graduate students and researchers in criminology and be of great interest to policy-makers and practitioners in crime policy and prevention.

Author : Roger Matthews,John Pitts
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781134547579

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Crime, Disorder and Community Safety by Roger Matthews,John Pitts Pdf

This book provides an analytic overview and assessment of the changing nature of crime prevention, disorder and community safety in contemporary society. Bringing together nine original articles from leading national and international authorities on these issues, the book examines recent developments in relation to a number of specific groups - the disadvantaged, the socially excluded, youth, women and ethnic minorities. Topics covered include: * the increase in local authority responsibility for crime control and community safety * the development of inter-agency alliances * the changing nature of policing * the passing of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998.

Author : Gordon Hughes,Adam Edwards
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781135989507

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Crime Control and Community by Gordon Hughes,Adam Edwards Pdf

Community-based crime control has become one of the principal policy responses to crime and disorder across western societies, and is regarded now as one of the keys to successful crime prevention and reduction. The aim of this book is to bring together findings from case studies of community-based crime control in England as a means of examining the prospects for this approach, its evolving relationship with criminal justice and social policies, and to assess the lessons internationally that can be drawn from this in the theory, research methods, politics and practice of crime control. At the same time the book advances an important new conceptual framework for understanding community-based crime control, focusing on an understanding of the diversity of control and preventative strategies, the locally particular conditions in which they are conducted, and the degree of choices open to local political actors involved in their conduct. Understanding diversity in this way is central to drawing lessons about the transferability of crime control theory and practice from one social context to another, avoiding the naïve emulation of practices in different contexts.

Author : Karen Evans
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2023-08-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000922318

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Community and the Problem of Crime by Karen Evans Pdf

This book offers a useful theoretical overview of key approaches to the subject of crime and community and considers the ways in which these have been applied in more practical settings. Written by an expert in the field and drawing on a range of international case studies from Europe, North America, Australia and Asia, this book explores both why and how crime and community have been linked and the implications of their relationship within criminology and crime prevention policy. Topics covered in the book include: the different crime prevention paradigms which have been utilized in the ‘fight against crime’ the turn to community in crime prevention policy, which took place during the 1980s in the UK and US, and its subsequent development the theoretical and ideological underpinnings to crime prevention work in and with different communities the significance and impact of fear of crime on crime prevention policy different institutional responses to working with community in crime prevention and community safety the ways in which the experiences of the UK and US have been translated into the European context a comparison between traditional western responses to the growing interest in restorative and community-based approaches in other regions. The new edition has been fully revised and updated to include discussion of the rise of populist politics and the centrality of ‘crime’ and ‘disorder’ as a divisive element used in populist political rhetoric; the politics of austerity and the management of crises – economic, environmental and COVID-19 and the subsequent lockdowns; the impact of Black Lives Matter, MeToo and Extinction Rebellion; the significance of social media and virtual community; the further erosion of civil liberties and the right to protest; and racialized US policing practices and police-related deaths. This book offers essential reading for students taking courses on crime and community, crime prevention and community safety and community corrections.

Author : Elin Waring,David Weisburd
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2018-02-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351325868

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Crime and Social Organization by Elin Waring,David Weisburd Pdf

This tenth volume in the Advances in Criminological Theory series is dedicated to the work of Albert J. Reiss, Jr. It focuses on the relationship between crime and social organization that is so central to his work. This focus rejects a view of crime solely as the action of atomistic individuals and sees the criminal justice system as inseparable from its social, political and organizational context. This perspective has had a resurgence in recent years, and this volume brings together some of the most important scholars who have contributed to these developments. Articles examine the social organization of crime itself, the context of crime, and the response to crime. The concept of co-offending, originally developed by Reiss, is explored both as a way of improving understanding of juvenile offending and as a framework for understanding patterns of criminal organization across crime types and the relationship of criminal to licit organization. Other articles recast social disorganization theory in light of recent theoretical and empirical developments. They argue for a version of control theory that incorporates internal, contextual, and state-focused dimensions. Organizational actors, both as offenders and as governmental agencies responding to crime, are explored. Building from Reiss's groundbreaking work on policing, a group of articles on policing examine organizational change through reorganization, the adoption of strategies such as community policing and the increased use of empirical evidence, complicated by routines, organizational culture and political constraints. Taken together, these works develop new connections between dimensions of social organization and renew the social organization perspective on crime and criminal justice. Contributors include: Diane Vaughan, Joan McCord, Kevin P. Conway, Elin Waring, Felton Earls, Beat Mohler, Peter Manning, Stephen Mastrofski, Lawrence Sherman, David Weisburd, Robert Sampson, David F. Greenberg, Margaret Kelley, Robin Tamarelli and Jeremy Travis.

Author : Scott Ballintyne,Kenneth Pease,Vic McLaren
Publisher : Institute for Public Policy Research
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 186030088X

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Secure Foundations by Scott Ballintyne,Kenneth Pease,Vic McLaren Pdf

Author : Todd R Clear
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429976360

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The Community Justice Ideal by Todd R Clear Pdf

Over the past quarter-century, U.S. politicians have responded to the public's fear of crime by devoting ever more resources to building and strengthening the criminal justice apparatus, which as a result has grown tremendously in size and cost. Policymakers have also taken steps to toughen procedures for dealing with suspects and criminals, and broaden legal definitions of what constitutes crime, which has led to the incarceration, under harsher-than-ever conditions, of a record-high percentage of the U.S. population. Yet public confidence in the criminal justice apparatus is, if anything, lower than ever before, and fear of crime continues to be high.In recent years, some activists, scholars, criminal-justice officials, and politicians have begun to call for a reexamination of "get-tough" crime policies. A more sensible approach to crime, they argue, would focus on "community justice"--that is, on building healthy communities in which criminality cannot take root, and on making citizens and criminal-justice into partners rather than adversaries. In this thought-provoking study, Todd Clear and David Karp provide both a broad theoretical analysis of this ideal, and a close examination of a range of attempts to put it into practice in communities throughout the country. They conclude that by making the criminal justice system and the public into partners rather than adversaries, community-justice strategies for dealing with crime are both more effective and more resource-efficient than the failed "get-tough" approach.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime, Communities, and Civil Liberties
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-03-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309467131

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Proactive Policing by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime, Communities, and Civil Liberties Pdf

Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.

Author : Ronald W. Glensor,Mark E. Correia,Kenneth J. Peak
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1999-11
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0195329813

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Policing Communities: Understanding Crime and Solving Problems by Ronald W. Glensor,Mark E. Correia,Kenneth J. Peak Pdf

This anthology introduces students to the dynamic, rapidly changing field of Community-Oriented Policing and Problem Solving (COPPS). The context of community crime and its causes are brought to the forefront in this collection of articles by leading academics and practitioners. Coverage includes such diverse topics as: * The evolution of policing. * The role of citizens in social control, crime prevention, and prevention strategies. * What police officers need to know about crime. * The major changes required for organizations to successfully implement community policing. * The role of the community as well as public and private agencies in the movement toward COPPS. * Criminological factors which contribute to crime and disorder in our communities. * Articles on mobilizing communities. * Future trends in community policing. Despite the widespread implementation of community-oriented policing, its success has varied significantly from locale to locale. Policing Communities emphasizes (1) the role that the community plays in developing effective strategies for controlling and preventing crime, (2) new methods the police are using to examine the context of crime, and (3) procedures that agencies are using to implement COPPS. Brief, thought-provoking introductions are provided for each article, framing the piece in a larger context. These introductions serve as a useful "road map" for students.

Author : Carlene Firmin,Jenny Lloyd
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2023-07-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781447366423

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Contextual Safeguarding by Carlene Firmin,Jenny Lloyd Pdf

This book shares stories from child sexual exploitation, child criminal exploitation and peer violence about what has been learnt from the Contextual Safeguarding approach to understanding harm that happens to young people in their communities and what is required to respond.

Author : Nick Larsen
Publisher : Canadian Scholars’ Press
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Corrections
ISBN : 9781551300467

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The Canadian Criminal Justice System by Nick Larsen Pdf

The administration of justice is an area of social policy that defies attempts to achieve a balance between order and the protection of the public and respect for individual rights. The media contain daily accounts of the failure of the criminal justice system to repress crime. It is within this social and legal context that this work is situated. In addition to including a range of articles in the standard areas of policing, courts, and corrections, recent articles deal with such controversial issues as aboriginal justice, the recruitment of visible minorities by Canadian police forces, and the role of women in the Canadian criminal justice system. The collection concludes with a critical assessment of the retributive model that currently serves as the philosophical underpinnings of the Canadian criminal justice system.

Author : Tracey A. Revenson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2002-07-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0306467283

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Ecological Research to Promote Social Change by Tracey A. Revenson Pdf

Contains articles originally published in: American journal of community psychology.

Author : Nick Tilley,Aiden Sidebottom
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317530824

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Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety by Nick Tilley,Aiden Sidebottom Pdf

This second edition of the Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety provides a completely revised and updated collection of essays focusing on the theory and practice of crime prevention and the creation of safer communities. This book is divided into five comprehensive parts: Part I, brand new to this edition, is concerned with theoretical perspectives on crime prevention and community safety. Part II considers general approaches to preventing crime, including a new chapter on the theory and practice of deterrence. Part III focuses on specific crime prevention strategies, including a new chapter on regulation for crime prevention. Part IV focuses on the prevention of specific categories of crime and the fear they generate, including new chapters on organised crime and cybercrime. Part V considers the preventative process: the methods through which presenting problems can be analysed, responses formulated and implemented, and their effectiveness evaluated. Bringing together leading academics and practitioners from the UK, US, Australia and the Netherlands, this volume will be an invaluable reference for researchers and practitioners whose work relates to crime prevention and community safety, as well as for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in crime prevention.