Crop Commercialization In Ethiopia Trends Drivers And Impact On Well Being

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Crop commercialization in Ethiopia: Trends, drivers, and impact on well-being

Minot, Nicholas,Warner, James,Aredo, Samson Dejene,Zewdie, Tadiwos
Crop commercialization in Ethiopia Trends drivers and impact on well being Book PDF

Author : Minot, Nicholas,Warner, James,Aredo, Samson Dejene,Zewdie, Tadiwos
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 6 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022-12-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Crop commercialization in Ethiopia: Trends, drivers, and impact on well-being by Minot, Nicholas,Warner, James,Aredo, Samson Dejene,Zewdie, Tadiwos Pdf

Agricultural transformation refers to a series of changes in agriculture that both reflect and drive rising income and economic development more broadly. While the macroeconomic patterns of agricultural transformation are relatively well documented, less is known about how it is manifested at the household level. Ethiopia makes an excellent case study as it has had one of the fastest growing economies in the world. An important aspect of this process is agricultural commercialization, that is, the rising share of agricultural output is sold on the market rather than being consumed at home. Agricultural commercialization tends to rise with development with improved infrastructure and communications, the availability of inputs and know-how regarding commercial crop production, and farmers being willing to accept the risks associated with producing crops for the market. Agricultural commercialization is widely believed to allow farmers to earn higher income as they specialize in crops for which they have a comparative advantage. The analysis makes use of a data from three rural household surveys carried out in Ethiopia by IFPRI in 2012, 2016, and 2019. Each survey used a sample that was representative of the four main agricultural regions of the country (Tigre, Oromia, Amhara, and SNNP) with sample sizes of 3000 to 5000, including 1,900 households that were interviewed in all three rounds. In addition, we incorporate several weather variables based on CHIRPS rainfall data to estimate the effect of the level and variability of rainfall on agricultural commercialization.

Role of agricultural commercialization in the agricultural transformation of Ethiopia: Trends, drivers, and impact on well-being

Minot, Nicholas,Warner, James,Aredo, Samson Dejene,Zewdie, Tadiwos
Role of agricultural commercialization in the agricultural transformation of Ethiopia Trends drivers and impact on well being Book PDF

Author : Minot, Nicholas,Warner, James,Aredo, Samson Dejene,Zewdie, Tadiwos
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2023-01-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Role of agricultural commercialization in the agricultural transformation of Ethiopia: Trends, drivers, and impact on well-being by Minot, Nicholas,Warner, James,Aredo, Samson Dejene,Zewdie, Tadiwos Pdf

Agricultural transformation refers to a series of changes in agriculture that both reflect and drive rising income and economic development more broadly. While the macroeconomic patterns of agricultural transformation are relatively well documented, less is known about how it is manifested at the household level. Ethiopia makes an excellent case study as it has had one of the fastest growing economies in the world. This paper focuses on one aspect of this process: agricultural commercialization, that is, the process through which an increasing share of agricultural output is sold on the market rather than being consumed at home. The analysis uses three nationally representative rural household surveys carried out in 2012, 2016, and 2019, including a panel of 1,900 households. The results show that the share of marketed agricultural output has increased significantly over the seven-year period. Somewhat surprisingly, this increase is not due to a shift in crop mix toward more commercial crops but rather an increase in the degree of commercialization of each crop. Using a correlated random effects model, we find marketed share to be significantly related to age of the head of household, farm size, wealth, distance to road, rainfall, rainfall variability, and region. Although endogeneity is a challenge, descriptive statistics and regression analysis further suggest that agricultural commercialization contributes to higher income, largely because commercial crops generate higher returns per hectare than staple grains. The results indicate that there is no clear line between “subsistence” and “commercial” farms. A large majority of farms have some crop sales, while virtually none of them sell all their output. Similarly, the contrast between subsistence crops and cash crops can be misleading. For example, the value of staple cereal sales in Ethiopia is almost three times greater than that of coffee, the main cash crop. We draw lessons from the results for the design of programs to raise rural incomes by facilitating market-oriented agricultural production.

Crop commercialization in Rwanda: Current market participation and drivers

Warner, James,Benimana, Gilberthe,Mugabo, Serge,Ingabire, Chantal
Crop commercialization in Rwanda Current market participation and drivers Book PDF

Author : Warner, James,Benimana, Gilberthe,Mugabo, Serge,Ingabire, Chantal
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2024-05-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Crop commercialization in Rwanda: Current market participation and drivers by Warner, James,Benimana, Gilberthe,Mugabo, Serge,Ingabire, Chantal Pdf

In this paper, we explore the current levels and participation of crop commercialization by Rwandan smallholder farmers. Our basic unit of analysis is total crop sales divided by the total value of crop production, either at the household or specific crop level. Overall, our findings suggest that approximately 80 percent of farmers participate in crop market sales and sell an average of 33 percent of their total production. However, there is a wide variety of percentage sales by crop and, in general, higher-valued crops are sold by more commercialized farm households. We also find that value of crop production per hectare rises with greater commercialization, suggesting that developing greater market commercialization, particularly with more valuable crops, may increase household incomes and aid in the economic transformation.

Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development, and Nutrition

Joachim Von Braun,Eileen T. Kennedy
Agricultural Commercialization Economic Development and Nutrition Book PDF

Author : Joachim Von Braun,Eileen T. Kennedy
Publisher : International Food Policy Research Insitute
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105009693388

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Agricultural Commercialization, Economic Development, and Nutrition by Joachim Von Braun,Eileen T. Kennedy Pdf

Subsistence production: a sign of market failure. Commercialization cannot be left to the market. Household effects of commercialization. Nutrition effects of commercialization. Policy action needed.

Global Trends 2040

National Intelligence Council
Global Trends 2040 Book PDF

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1646794974

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Global Trends 2040 by National Intelligence Council Pdf

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural Intensification of the Humid Highland Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa

Bernard Vanlauwe,Piet van Asten,Guy Blomme
Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural Intensification of the Humid Highland Systems of Sub Saharan Africa Book PDF

Author : Bernard Vanlauwe,Piet van Asten,Guy Blomme
Publisher : Springer
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-10-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319076621

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Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural Intensification of the Humid Highland Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa by Bernard Vanlauwe,Piet van Asten,Guy Blomme Pdf

The humid highlands in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are characterized by high population densities and require intensification. The Consortium for Improving Agriculture-based Livelihoods in Central Africa (CIALCA) has set up a research for development platform in various mandate areas in DR Congo, Burundi, and Rwanda, aiming to identify improved production, market, and nutrition options and facilitating the access for development partners to these options. This platform is supported by capacity building, multi-stakeholder dialogue, and monitoring and evaluation efforts. The conference, facilitated by CIALCA, aimed to (i) take stock of the state-of the art in agricultural intensification in the highlands of SSA and (ii) chart the way forward for agricultural research for development in the humid highlands of SSA, and more specifically in the recently launched Humidtropics Consortium Research Programme, through keynote, oral and poster presentations, and strategic panel discussions.

OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2021–2030

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
OECD FAO Agricultural Outlook 2021 2030 Book PDF

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2021-07-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789251346082

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OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2021–2030 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

The Agricultural Outlook 2021-2030 is a collaborative effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. It brings together the commodity, policy and country expertise of both organisations as well as input from collaborating member countries to provide an annual assessment of the prospects for the coming decade of national, regional and global agricultural commodity markets. The publication consists of 11 Chapters; Chapter 1 covers agricultural and food markets; Chapter 2 provides regional outlooks and the remaining chapters are dedicated to individual commodities.

Farming Systems and Poverty

John A. Dixon,David P. Gibbon,Aidan Gulliver,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Farming Systems and Poverty Book PDF

Author : John A. Dixon,David P. Gibbon,Aidan Gulliver,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9251046271

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Farming Systems and Poverty by John A. Dixon,David P. Gibbon,Aidan Gulliver,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

A joint FAO and World Bank study which shows how the farming systems approach can be used to identify priorities for the reduction of hunger and poverty in the main farming systems of the six major developing regions of the world.

Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia

Paul Dorosh,Shahidur Rashid
Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia Book PDF

Author : Paul Dorosh,Shahidur Rashid
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2013-02-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780812208610

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Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia by Paul Dorosh,Shahidur Rashid Pdf

The perception of Ethiopia projected in the media is often one of chronic poverty and hunger, but this bleak assessment does not accurately reflect most of the country today. Ethiopia encompasses a wide variety of agroecologies and peoples. Its agriculture sector, economy, and food security status are equally complex. In fact, since 2001 the per capita income in certain rural areas has risen by more than 50 percent, and crop yields and availability have also increased. Higher investments in roads and mobile phone technology have led to improved infrastructure and thereby greater access to markets, commodities, services, and information. In Food and Agriculture in Ethiopia: Progress and Policy Challenges, Paul Dorosh and Shahidur Rashid, along with other experts, tell the story of Ethiopia's political, economic, and agricultural transformation. The book is designed to provide empirical evidence to shed light on the complexities of agricultural and food policy in today's Ethiopia, highlight major policies and interventions of the past decade, and provide insights into building resilience to natural disasters and food crises. It examines the key issues, constraints, and opportunities that are likely to shape a food-secure future in Ethiopia, focusing on land quality, crop production, adoption of high-quality seed and fertilizer, and household income. Students, researchers, policy analysts, and decisionmakers will find this book a useful overview of Ethiopia's political, economic, and agricultural transformation as well as a resource for major food policy issues in Ethiopia. Contributors: Dawit Alemu, Guush Berhane, Jordan Chamberlin, Sarah Coll-Black, Paul Dorosh, Berhanu Gebremedhin, Sinafikeh Asrat Gemessa, Daniel O. Gilligan, John Graham, Kibrom Tafere Hirfrfot, John Hoddinott, Adam Kennedy, Neha Kumar, Mehrab Malek, Linden McBride, Dawit Kelemework Mekonnen, Asfaw Negassa, Shahidur Rashid, Emily Schmidt, David Spielman, Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse, Seneshaw Tamiru, James Thurlow, William Wiseman.

The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
The State of the World s Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture Book PDF

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-17
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781136498879

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The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

The State of the World's Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture is FAO's first flagship publication on the global status of land and water resources. It is an 'advocacy' report, to be published every three to five years, and targeted at senior level decision makers in agriculture as well as in other sectors. SOLAW is aimed at sensitizing its target audience on the status of land resources at global and regional levels and FAO's viewpoint on appropriate recommendations for policy formulation. SOLAW focuses on these key dimensions of analysis: (i) quantity, quality of land and water resources, (ii) the rate of use and sustainable management of these resources in the context of relevant socio-economic driving factors and concerns, including food security and poverty, and climate change. This is the first time that a global, baseline status report on land and water resources has been made. It is based on several global spatial databases (e.g. land suitability for agriculture, land use and management, land and water degradation and depletion) for which FAO is the world-recognized data source. Topical and emerging issues on land and water are dealt with in an integrated rather than sectoral manner. The implications of the status and trends are used to advocate remedial interventions which are tailored to major farming systems within different geographic regions.

Row planting teff in Ethiopia

Vandercasteelen, Joachim,Dereje, Mekdim,Minten, Bart,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum
Row planting teff in Ethiopia Book PDF

Author : Vandercasteelen, Joachim,Dereje, Mekdim,Minten, Bart,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 26 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Row planting teff in Ethiopia by Vandercasteelen, Joachim,Dereje, Mekdim,Minten, Bart,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum Pdf

Improved technologies are increasingly promoted to farmers in sub-Saharan-African countries to address low agricultural productivity in their staple crops. There is, however, a lack of evidence on how adoption affects farmers’ labor use and profitability at the farm level, as well as the importance gender roles play, all essential drivers for the successful up-scaling of the use of the improved technologies. This paper analyses the labor and profitability impact of the recently introduced row planting technology in teff production in Ethiopia. Based on agronomic evidence in experimental settings, the Government of Ethiopia has focused extension efforts on promoting the widespread uptake of row planting to address low teff yields, replacing the traditional broadcasting method of plant teff. Using an innovative Randomized Controlled Trial set-up, we show that the implementation of row planting at the farm level significantly increases total labor use, but not teff yields, relative to broadcast planting, resulting in a substantial drop in labor productivity when adopting row planting. Moreover, the implementation of row planting has important consequences for inter- and intra-household labor allocation, with relatively more use of non-family labor. The adoption of row planting was further found not to be profitable for farmers in the first year of the promotion campaign, seemingly explaining the limited success in up-scaling the adoption of the technology by farmers in the second year of the program.

A multi-billion-dollar opportunity – Repurposing agricultural support to transform food systems

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,United Nations Development Programme,United Nations Environment Programme
A multi billion dollar opportunity Repurposing agricultural support to transform food systems Book PDF

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,United Nations Development Programme,United Nations Environment Programme
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789251349175

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A multi-billion-dollar opportunity – Repurposing agricultural support to transform food systems by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,United Nations Development Programme,United Nations Environment Programme Pdf

Public support mechanisms for agriculture in many cases hinder the transformation towards healthier, more sustainable, equitable, and efficient food systems, thus actively steering us away from meeting the Sustainable Development Goals and targets of the Paris Agreement. This report sets out the compelling case for repurposing harmful agricultural producer support to reverse this situation, by optimizing the use of scarce public resources, strengthening economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, and ultimately driving a food systems transformation that can support global sustainable development commitments. The report provides policymakers with an updated estimate of past and current agricultural producer support for 88 countries, projected up until 2030. The trends emerging from the analysis are a clear call for action at country, regional and global levels to phase out the most distortive, environmentally and socially harmful support, such as price incentives and coupled subsidies, and redirecting it towards investments in public goods and services for agriculture, such as research and development and infrastructure, as well as decoupled fiscal subsidies. Overall, the analysis highlights that, while removing and/or reducing harmful agricultural support is necessary, repurposing initiatives that include measures to minimize policy trade-offs will be needed to ensure a beneficial outcome overall. The report confirms that, while a few countries have started repurposing and reforming agricultural support, broader, deeper, and faster reforms are needed for food systems transformation. Thus, it provides guidance (in six steps) on how governments can repurpose agricultural producer support – and the reforms this will take.

Agrarian change in tropical landscapes

Liz Deakin,Mrigesh Kshatriya,Terry Sunderland
Agrarian change in tropical landscapes Book PDF

Author : Liz Deakin,Mrigesh Kshatriya,Terry Sunderland
Publisher : CIFOR
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2016-01-25
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9786023870226

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Agrarian change in tropical landscapes by Liz Deakin,Mrigesh Kshatriya,Terry Sunderland Pdf

Agricultural expansion has transformed and fragmented forest habitats at alarming rates across the globe, but particularly so in tropical landscapes. The resulting land-use configurations encompass varying mosaics of tree cover, human settlements and agricultural land units. Meanwhile, global demand for agricultural commodities is at unprecedented levels. The need to feed nine billion people by 2050 in a world of changing food demands is causing increasing agricultural intensification. As such, market-orientated production systems are now increasingly replacing traditional farming practices, but at what cost? The Agrarian Change project, coordinated by the Center for International Forestry Research, explores the conservation, livelihood and food security implications of land-use and agrarian change processes at the landscape scale. This book provides detailed background information on seven multi-functional landscapes in Ethiopia, Cameroon, Indonesia, Nicaragua, Bangladesh, Zambia and Burkina Faso. The focal landscapes were selected as they exhibit various scenarios of changing forest cover, agricultural modification and integration with local and global commodity markets. A standardized research protocol will allow for future comparative analyses between these sites. Each case study chapter provides a comprehensive description of the physical and socioeconomic context of each focal landscape and a structured account of the historical and political drivers of land-use change occurring in the area. Each case study also draws on contemporary information obtained from key informant interviews, focus group discussions and preliminary data collection regarding key topics of interest including: changes in forest cover and dependency on forest products, farming practices, tenure institutions, the role and presence of conservation initiatives, and major economic activities. The follow-on empirical study is already underway in the landscapes described in this book. It examines responses to agrarian change processes at household, farm, village and landscape levels with a focus on poverty levels, food security, dietary diversity and nutrition, agricultural yields, biodiversity, migration and land tenure. This research intends to provide much needed insights into how landscape-scale land-use trajectories manifest in local communities and advance understanding of multi-functional landscapes as socioecological systems.

The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security 2021 Book PDF

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-17
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789251340714

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The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

On top of a decade of exacerbated disaster loss, exceptional global heat, retreating ice and rising sea levels, humanity and our food security face a range of new and unprecedented hazards, such as megafires, extreme weather events, desert locust swarms of magnitudes previously unseen, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Agriculture underpins the livelihoods of over 2.5 billion people – most of them in low-income developing countries – and remains a key driver of development. At no other point in history has agriculture been faced with such an array of familiar and unfamiliar risks, interacting in a hyperconnected world and a precipitously changing landscape. And agriculture continues to absorb a disproportionate share of the damage and loss wrought by disasters. Their growing frequency and intensity, along with the systemic nature of risk, are upending people’s lives, devastating livelihoods, and jeopardizing our entire food system. This report makes a powerful case for investing in resilience and disaster risk reduction – especially data gathering and analysis for evidence informed action – to ensure agriculture’s crucial role in achieving the future we want.

Cooperatives for Staple Crop Marketing

Tanguy Bernard,Spielman, David J.,Seyoum Taffesse, Alemayehu,Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Zaude
Cooperatives for Staple Crop Marketing Book PDF

Author : Tanguy Bernard,Spielman, David J.,Seyoum Taffesse, Alemayehu,Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Zaude
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780896291751

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Cooperatives for Staple Crop Marketing by Tanguy Bernard,Spielman, David J.,Seyoum Taffesse, Alemayehu,Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Zaude Pdf

Rural producer organizations (RPOs), such as farmers' organizations or rural cooperatives, offer a means for smallholder farmers in developing countries to sell their crops commercially. RPOs hold particular promise for Sub-Saharan Africa, where small-scale farming is the primary livelihood but commercialization of food crops is very limited. Using the experience of smallholders in Ethiopia as a case study, this research monograph identifies the benefits of RPOs for small farmers, as well as the conditions under which such organizations most successfully promote smallholder commercialization. The evidence from Ethiopia indicates that RPOs do increase farmers' profits from crop sales, but that the beneficiaries do not tend to be the poorest smallholders. Moreover, an RPO's marketing effectiveness is precarious: it can easily diminish if the number or diversity of its members increases or if it provides more non-marketing services. The authors conclude that RPOs have a role to play in the agricultural development of Sub-Saharan Africa, but that role should be complemented by other programs that directly target the poorest farmers. Further, the effectiveness of RPOs should be preserved by allowing them to follow their own agendas rather than being encouraged to take on non-marketing activities. The assessment of RPOs presented in this monograph should be a valuable resource for policymakers and researchers concerned with economic development and poverty reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa.