Cryogenic Mixed Refrigerant Processes

Author : Gadhiraju Venkatarathnam
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2008-12-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387785141

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Cryogenic Mixed Refrigerant Processes by Gadhiraju Venkatarathnam Pdf

Most conventional cryogenic refrigerators and liquefiers operate with pure fluids, the major exception being natural gas liquefiers that use mixed refrigerant processes. The fundamental aspects of mixed refrigerant processes, though very innovative, have not received the due attention in open literature in view of commercial interests. Hundreds of patents exist on different aspects of mixed refrigerant processes. However, it is difficult to piece together the existing information to choose an appropriate process and an optimum composition or a given application. The aim of the book is to teach (a.) the need for refrigerant mixtures, (b.) the type of mixtures that can be used for different refrigeration and liquefaction applications, (c.) the different processes that can be used and (d.) the methods to be adopted for choosing the components of a mixture and their concentration for different applications.

Author : G. Venkatarathnam
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2011-03-21
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0387570101

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Cryogenic Mixed Refrigerant Processes by G. Venkatarathnam Pdf

Author : A Kanni Raj
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 716 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798736081356

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Cryogenic Science by A Kanni Raj Pdf

This expert-level book sums up all topics related to subject of cryogenic science. To read this book, some fundamental knowledge of engineering and science is essential. This book provides: the different approaches to simulate mixed refrigerant processes, the need for using refrigerant mixtures over pure fluids, the more complex refrigeration processes, the design approach for optimizing mixed refrigerant process refrigerators and liquefiers and the different natural gas and nitrogen liquefaction processes, an overview of the history of the development of cryogenic technology, today's technology of cryogenics such as medical applications for the future, practical prospective on the cryogenics world, an historical and current picture of cryogenics in industry, government, and university laboratories, and the technical aspects of both the classroom and laboratory work will prepare you to actually begin work in many different types of jobs in cryogenics, which has become ubiquitous in industry, government labs, and medical centers.

Author : Douglas B. Mann
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Cryogenics
ISBN : UIUC:30112105096017

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The Joule-Thomson Process in Cryogenic Refrigeration Systems by Douglas B. Mann Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Low temperature engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015007649141

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Cryogenic Processes and Equipment, 1984 by Anonim Pdf

Author : Klaus D. Timmerhaus,Thomas M. Flynn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 612 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468487565

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Cryogenic Process Engineering by Klaus D. Timmerhaus,Thomas M. Flynn Pdf

Cryogenics, a term commonly used to refer to very low temperatures, had its beginning in the latter half of the last century when man learned, for the first time, how to cool objects to a temperature lower than had ever existed na tu rally on the face of the earth. The air we breathe was first liquefied in 1883 by a Polish scientist named Olszewski. Ten years later he and a British scientist, Sir James Dewar, liquefied hydrogen. Helium, the last of the so-caBed permanent gases, was finally liquefied by the Dutch physicist Kamerlingh Onnes in 1908. Thus, by the beginning of the twentieth century the door had been opened to astrange new world of experimentation in which aB substances, except liquid helium, are solids and where the absolute temperature is only a few microdegrees away. However, the point on the temperature scale at which refrigeration in the ordinary sense of the term ends and cryogenics begins has ne ver been weB defined. Most workers in the field have chosen to restrict cryogenics to a tem perature range below -150°C (123 K). This is a reasonable dividing line since the normal boiling points of the more permanent gases, such as helium, hydrogen, neon, nitrogen, oxygen, and air, lie below this temperature, while the more common refrigerants have boiling points that are above this temperature. Cryogenic engineering is concerned with the design and development of low-temperature systems and components.

Author : Limin Qiu,Kai Wang,Yanwei Ma
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1176 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2023-11-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789819961283

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Proceedings of the 28th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference 2022 by Limin Qiu,Kai Wang,Yanwei Ma Pdf

This book gathers selected papers from the 28th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference and International Cryogenic Materials Conference 2022 (ICEC28-ICMC 2022), held virtually in Hangzhou, China on 25-29 April 2022, due to COVID-19 pandemic. Highlighting the latest findings on cryogenic engineering and cryogenic materials, it covers topics including: large-scale cryogenic components, processes and systems for refrigeration, separation, and liquefaction of cryogenic fluids, small-scale cryocoolers, cryogenic space applications, thermal insulation, thermal-physical properties of cryogenic fluids and materials, superconducting materials, devices, systems and applications, etc. The book offers valuable information and insights for academic researchers, engineers in the industry, and operators in the cryogenic field.

Author : Yoshiyuki Yamashita,Manabu Kano
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 2304 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323853668

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14th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering by Yoshiyuki Yamashita,Manabu Kano Pdf

14th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering, Volume 49 brings together the international community of researchers and engineers interested in computing-based methods in process engineering. The conference highlights the contributions of the PSE community towards the sustainability of modern society and is based on the 2021 event held in Tokyo, Japan, July 1-23, 2021. It contains contributions from academia and industry, establishing the core products of PSE, defining the new and changing scope of our results, and covering future challenges. Plenary and keynote lectures discuss real-world challenges (globalization, energy, environment and health) and contribute to discussions on the widening scope of PSE versus the consolidation of the core topics of PSE. Highlights how the Process Systems Engineering community contributes to the sustainability of modern society Establishes the core products of Process Systems Engineering Defines the future challenges of Process Systems Engineering

Author : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour,Mohammad Amin Makarem,Maryam Meshksar
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2024-04-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780443192241

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Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 5: Natural Gas Impurities and Condensate Removal by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour,Mohammad Amin Makarem,Maryam Meshksar Pdf

Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications is a comprehensive eight-volume set of books that discusses in detail the theoretical basics and practical methods of various aspects of natural gas from exploration and extraction, to synthesizing, processing and purifying, producing valuable chemicals and energy. The volumes introduce transportation and storage challenges as well as hydrates formation, extraction, and prevention. Volume 5 titled Natural Gas Impurities and Condensates Removal comprehensively discusses the characteristics and properties of natural gas condensates and dehydrated non-acidic impurities. The book describes related environmental challenges, removal standards, policies and regulations as well as economic assessment. It covers particulates (such as aerosols, arsenic, etc.) and condensates removal techniques from natural gas as well as mercury, nitrogen and helium removal from natural gas by absorption, adsorption and membrane-based processes. Introduces different impurities and condensates of natural gas with their characteristics Includes common methods for particulates and condensates removal from natural gas such as adsorption, absorption and cryogenic techniques Describes various membrane technologies for particulates and condensates removal from natural gas

Author : Milind D. Atrey
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2020-02-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030113070

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Cryocoolers by Milind D. Atrey Pdf

This book serves as an introduction to cryocooler technology and describes the principle applications of cryocoolers across a broad range of fields. It covers the specific requirements of these applications, and describes how the advantages and disadvantages of different cryocooler systems are taken into consideration. For example, Stirling coolers tend to be used only in space applications because of their high coefficient of performance, low weight and proven reliability, whilst Gifford-McMahon coolers are used for ground applications, such as in cryopumps and MRI shield cooling applications. Joule-Thomson cryocoolers are used in missile technology because of the fast cool down requirements. The cryocooler field is fast developing and the number of applications are growing because of the increasing costs of the cryogens such as Helium and Neon. The first chapter of the book introduces the different types of cryocoolers, their classification, working principles, and their design aspects, and briefly mentions some of the applications of these systems. This introductory chapter is followed by a number of contributions from prominent international researchers, each describing a specific field of application, the cooling requirements and the cryocooler systems employed. These areas of application include gas liquefaction, space technology, medical science, dilution refrigerators, missile systems, and physics research including particle accelerators. Each chapter describes the cooling requirements based on the end use, the approximate cooling load calculations, the criteria for cryocooler selection, the arrangement for cryocooler placement, the connection of the cooler to the object to be cooled, and includes genuine case studies. Intended primarily for researchers working on cryocoolers, the book will also serve as an introduction to cryocooler technology for students, and a useful reference for those using cryocooler systems in any area of application.

Author : Anton A. Kiss,Edwin Zondervan,Richard Lakerveld,Leyla Özkan
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1892 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2019-07-03
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780128186350

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29th European Symposium on Computer Aided Chemical Engineering by Anton A. Kiss,Edwin Zondervan,Richard Lakerveld,Leyla Özkan Pdf

The 29th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, contains the papers presented at the 29th European Symposium of Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE) event held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, from June 16-19, 2019. It is a valuable resource for chemical engineers, chemical process engineers, researchers in industry and academia, students, and consultants for chemical industries. Presents findings and discussions from the 29th European Symposium of Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE) event

Author : James G. Speight
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2023-05-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783110691016

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Gas Engineering by James G. Speight Pdf

This 3rd volume of 'Gas Engineering' introduces the concept of liquefied natural gas and the concept gas-to-liquids and also presents a review of the uses of gas streams and the effects of the various gases on the environment. This volume also describes the properties gas streams as they are related to corrosion effects are also presented. The relationship of the properties of gas streams as they affect corrosion such as carburization and metal dusting as well as corrosion in steel and other materials used in refinery technology are also presented and the book summarizes key findings into corrosion processes in gas-processing equipment as well as corrosion in offshore structures. Each book contains references at the end of chapter which include information from the open literature and meeting proceedings to give a picture of where the gas processing technology stands as well as indicate some relatively new technologies that could become important in the future. Also, each book also contains a comprehensive glossary. The books are written in an easy-to-read style and offer a ready-at-hand (one-stop-shopping) guide to the many issues that are related to the engineering aspects of the properties and processing of natural gas as well as the effects of natural gas on various ecosystems as well as to pollutant mitigation and clean-up. The books present an overview, with a considerable degree of detail of the various aspects of natural gas technology. Any chemistry presented in the books is used as a means of explanation of a particular point but is maintained at an elementary level.

Author : Sadik Kakaç,M.R. Avelino,H.F. Smirnov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401000994

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Low Temperature and Cryogenic Refrigeration by Sadik Kakaç,M.R. Avelino,H.F. Smirnov Pdf

Refrigeration plays a prominent role in our everyday lives, and cryogenics plays a major role in medical science, space technology and the cooling of low-temperature electronics. This volume contains chapters on basic refrigeration systems, non-compression refrigeration and cooling, and topics related to global environmental issues, alternative refrigerants, optimum refrigerant selection, cost-quality optimization of refrigerants, advanced thermodynamics of reverse-cycle machines, applications in medicine, cryogenics, heat pipes, gas-solid absorption refrigeration, multisalt resorption heat pumps, cryocoolers, thermoacoustic refrigeration, cryogenic heat transfer and enhancement and other topics covering theory, design, and applications, such as pulse tube refrigeration, which is the most efficient of all cryocoolers and can be used in space missions.

Author : W. M. Toscano
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : STANFORD:36105030600881

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Cryogenic Processes and Equipment in Energy Systems by W. M. Toscano Pdf

Author : Bahman Zohuri
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 726 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128145203

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Physics of Cryogenics by Bahman Zohuri Pdf

Physics of Cryogenics: An Ultralow Temperature Phenomenon discusses the significant number of advances that have been made during the last few years in a variety of cryocoolers, such as Brayton, Joule-Thomson, Stirling, pulse tube, Gifford-McMahon and magnetic refrigerators. The book reviews various approaches taken to improve reliability, a major driving force for new research areas. The advantages and disadvantages of different cycles are compared, and the latest improvements in each of these cryocoolers is discussed. The book starts with the thermodynamic fundamentals, followed by the definition of cryogenic and the associated science behind low temperature phenomena and properties. This book is an ideal resource for scientists, engineers and graduate and senior undergraduate students who need a better understanding of the science of cryogenics and related thermodynamics. Defines the fundamentals of thermodynamics that are associated with cryogenic processes Provides an overview of the history of the development of cryogenic technology Includes new, low temperature tables written by the author Deals with the application of cryogenics to preserve objects at very low temperature Explains how cryogenic phenomena work for human cell and human body preservations and new medical approaches