Cultural Differences In Fmcg Marketing In The German And The Indian Market
Cultural Differences In Fmcg Marketing In The German And The Indian Market Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Cultural Differences In Fmcg Marketing In The German And The Indian Market book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Cultural Differences in FMCG Marketing in the German and the Indian Market by Rawel Raj Pdf
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Communications - Public Relations, Advertising, Marketing, Social Media, grade: A, TiasNimbas Business School, course: Cross Culture Pschology, language: English, abstract: In today’s scenario the society and the culture plays an important role to drive the taste of the consumers. Thus it is very much evident that the people of two different polarities would perceive their requirement in two different manners. Nevertheless the requirement can be the same but with a different specification. It is required in marketing to understand and imbibe the changes so to effectively sell the product in that zone. In this paper we would like to analyze the variations in the FMCG marketing strategies, by the use of marketing model, in German and Indian market. We aim to examine and present the major differences in the approach towards these two markets and how culture plays an indispensable role to drive these changes. Therefore, our research statement would be: “How culture affects the FMCG marketing approaches in both the German and the Indian Market?”
Cross-Cultural Consumer Behaviour. A comparison between Germany and the U.S. by Eva Sutter Pdf
Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 1,0, Nürtingen University, language: English, abstract: The study of consumer behavior is about much more than just people buying things. It is about the study of ‘why’ people buy things, about their needs and desires. Possessions influence the way people feel about themselves and on the other hand, people’s culture, lifestyle and social settings influence their purchasing decisions. “Culture is the lens through which people view products” (Solomon, 1999, p.495). Today, almost all major companies are marketing their products beyond their original homeland borders. The question is generally not whether to market a brand in other countries but rather how to do it (Schiffmann, 2003). The field of consumer behavior is young and dynamic. In order to understand why people buy certain products or services, marketers must understand the differences between the consumers of different cultures – „cross-cultural“ differences. Especially in times of globalization and internationalization it is very important to develop effective marketing strategies for foreign markets, to define consumption motives, goals and desires. Communication and advertising messages should then be adapted accordingly to the specific values of particular cultures. Sensitivity towards these cultural differences can provide sales- and profit opportunities (Schiffmann, 2003). However this sensitivity can only come from understanding the underlying dimensions of culture. The key for success and the challenges to face for companies in any business will be to constantly watch and adapt to the changing cultural values, changing consumption patterns and lifestyles. To write about the ”American” or “European” consumer might be challenging in some way, because the general theories about sociological or psychological influences on consumer behavior are common to all Western countries. On the other hand, the ways in which people live their consumption life can already vary greatly within one country only. Thus, one could assume that numerous larger differences exist between the citizens of different nations. “The United States is, without a doubt, the most important country to understand, yet it is the most misunderstood country in the world” (“Release of the Special Issue of the USA 2002”, 2002). Because of this, the risk of missing the American target is high. Vice versa, many Americans miss the target in operating effectively in foreign countries (Ting-Toomey, 1999). [...]
Cultural Differences in Business Life - Understanding German and American Business Culture by Ulrike Ditzel Pdf
Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics - Marketing, Corporate Communication, CRM, Market Research, Social Media, grade: 1,3, http: //www.uni-jena.de/ (Philosphische Fakultät - Lehrstuhl Interkulturelle Wirtschaftskommunikation), course: Interkulturseminar USA-Deutschland, 15 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Globalization has led to remarkable changes in the way we conduct the world's business. International Mergers and acquisitions are en vogue today. The advantages quoted by managers include advantages of scale, increased shareholder value, access to new markets, lower overheads and so on. The number of international mergers and acquisitions between German and American companies increased a lot during the last years, as well. At the beginning there are high hopes and elation connected with the deal. But the long-term reality, however, is much the opposite. At least 50 percent of all international mergers and acquisition activity fails, no matter how the success is measured. There are also lots of companies who failed, who are therefore not able to benefit from some positive synergy effects like cost reductions. Why did that happen? A survey tried to analyze the reasons for this. The surprising result was that just 30% of the failures were attributed to the "hard factors" of business, like planning, finance or technology. For the rest, the reason lay in the so-called "soft factors", which contain cultural and organizational behaviour. Somewhat less acknowledged, although hardly disputed, is the positive and negative impact of cultural aspects on the success of M&A activity. The following work reveals the differences between American and German business culture and also analyzes its historical and social background. Thereby, the main goal is to disprove that American and German business styles are almost similar. Furthermore, at the end the reader should know more about the existing differences between t
Analysis of Cultural Differences and Their Effects on Marketing Products in the United States of America and Germany: A Cultural Approach to Marketing Using Edward T. Hall and Geert Hofstede by Matthias Boeing Pdf
"Companies that do not adapt to the new global realities will become victims of those that do." In this quote Theodor Levitt, a former professor at the Harvard Business School, points out that companies all over the world need to deal with a process which has changed the way they carry on a business in many ways. The process, namely globalisation, takes advantages as well as disadvantages, not only for the business world but also for the individual. The importance to face globalisation has always been there but, it has increased with the evolving stages of globalisation. Ever since this process started, companies have tried to derive advantage from globalisation while at the same time they had to deal with the disadvantages. For marketers in particular, this process seems to offer a lot of potential for the exploration of new markets and customers. However, the questions determining the success or failure of a marketing campaign are more complex than in domestic marketing. Accordingly, the terms international and global marketing are strongly connected to globalisation, and have become a key factor for the success of companies. Corporations that want belong to these successful multi-national companies (MNC), or global players certainly have to deal with the different issues that come along with marketing products in other countries. These can have a significant impact on international operations but also on the overall performance of a company. Since a company's approach to these issues determines the success or failure in marketing a product abroad, these situations have to be addressed at an early stage. Among others, cultural differences are one of the major obstacles that have to be considered in international marketing. Every culture has its own individual values, behaviours, ways of thinking, lifestyle and language which make it unique. Accordingly, companies have two different possibilities to deal with that process. At first, standardisation, an identical
Intercultural Marketing. The Impact of Culture on the Marketing-Mix by Olivier Samo Pdf
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2014 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 2.3, University of Applied Sciences Wiesbaden Rüsselsheim Geisenheim, language: English, abstract: The objective of this presented bachelor thesis is to demonstrate how culture affects international marketing activities, thus portray the marketing intercultural branch. In other words, the reader will gain an idea of the importance of culture in the strategic marketing planning. From a marketing point of view, it is recognizable that worldwide interdependence of economies has partly created homogeneity of business operations, but the world is still comprised of cultural differences and specificity and various consumer behaviors and needs. Bearing this fact in mind, enterprises integrate culture more and more into international marketing activities, especially when doing business in an environment full of cultural diversity. The question of a strategic choice is raised at this point. Active international corporations have to decide whether to standardize or to adapt to marketing-mix activities. This leads to the following questions: which factors determine businesses choice for a differentiated or a standardized strategy in marketing mix activities? To what extent can companies standardize goods and services? Is standardization relevant for all marketing mix activities and for all foreign target markets? Is it a necessary for the active international firm to adapt their activities to each national culture? How important is the impact of culture on marketing-mix? The presented paper will provide some preliminary answers to these questions with an emphasis on marketing-mix elements and will investigate whether and to what extent culture should be considered as a strategic key success factor.
Cultural Differences in the Perception of Brand Personalities by Martin Pydde Pdf
Master's Thesis from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Marketing, Corporate Communication, CRM, Market Research, Social Media, grade: 2,0, European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), language: English, abstract: Anthropomorphization happens whenever human characteristics are imputed to in-animate objects. This aptitude is observable in all cultures because it simplifies the interaction with nonliving objects (Fournier 1998, p.344). In search for ways to en-courage lasting costumer relationships the brand personality concept becomes a more prominent anthropomorphization in marketing. Brand personality is: "the set of hu-man characteristics associated with a brand" (Aaker 1997, p. 347). Aaker's brand personality scale was chosen for the purpose of this paper to create and analyze an online survey among Polish and German people in order to assess cultural differences in the perception of brand personalities.
Positioning FMCG Brands by Subho Chattopadhyay Pdf
In the midst of advertisement clutter in an over-communicated society getting a brand noticed is a gargantuan task. The foremost desire of every brand manager in such a market is to create a distinctive identity and a pre-emptive position for the brand in the consumer's mind space. Finding a position that is meaningful for the consumer and assures him of a distinctive benefit offered by no other competitor ensures survival and sustainability for the brand. For a Multinational company, that finds itself in the midst of a culture and customs which are absolutely different from those of its home country, brand positioning may involve several critical decisions like whether or not to use a standardized strategy for all the markets, up to what extent to adapt to the local culture, what values to inculcate into the brand and what values to emphasise while positioning it, and whether to emphasise the country of origin of the brand or not. The Indian market is characterized by a unique blend of traditional values and modern approaches, and the evaluation criterion used by the consumer to judge a product or place value on a brand consists of a varying mix of such contrasting parameters. In this marketing environment marked by such psychographic characteristics of an average consumer it is interesting to get an insight into the strategies that are being used or can be used by the MNCs dealing in Fast Moving Consumer Goods to position their brands in the Indian market. The book is aimed at developing a broad understanding of the brand positioning strategies of multinational companies dealing in fast moving consumer goods in India and the factors affecting their positioning strategies.
Marketing Communications is a highly popular textbook which introduces students to the different marketing communications tools, theories and strategies in an easy-to-read way. This fourth edition: Includes updates on how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the marketing/advertising industries Features new case studies from companies and brands such as Amazon, Burger King, Facebook and John Lewis Covers timely topics such as online retailers, social media networks (e.g. TikTok), social media influencers and marketing ethics This textbook is essential reading for students studying marketing communications or a related topic. John Egan is Professor of Marketing at Regent’s University, London.
Consumer Culture Theory by Eric J. Arnould,Craig J Thompson Pdf
Outlining the key themes, concepts and theoretical areas in the field, this book draws on contributions from prominent researchers to unravel the complexities of consumer culture by looking at how it affects personal identity, social interactions and the consuming human being. A field which is characterised as being theoretically challenging is made accessible through learning features that include case study material, critical reflection, research directions, further reading and a broad mix of the types of consumers and consumption contexts including emerging markets and economies. The structure of the book is designed to help students map the field in the way it is interpreted by researchers and follows the conceptual mapping in the classic Arnould & Thompson 2005 journal article. The book is organised into three parts - the Consumption Identity, Marketplace Cultures and the Socio-Historic Patterning of Consumption. Insight is offered into both the historical roots of consumer culture and the everyday experiences of navigating the contemporary marketplace. The book is supported by a collection of international case studies and real world scenarios, including: How Fashion Bloggers Rule the Fashion World; the Kendall Jenner Pepsi Commercial; Professional Beer Pong, Military Recruiting Campaigns, The World Health Organization and the Corporatization of Education. The go-to text for anyone new to CCT or postgraduate students writing a CCT-related thesis.
Managing Cultural Differences Between Uk and China by Matteo Fabbi Pdf
Project Report from the year 2011 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 73%, University of Westminster, course: BA Global Marketing, language: English, abstract: The report aims to achieve three main objectives: the first is to determine the cultural differences between China and UK based on the fundamental theories of culture; the second is to analyze the issues related to functional areas such as Marketing and Human resources with theories of cross-cultural management and the third is to provide solutions and recommendations to managers involved in similar situations. The scenario provided by the task has been identified by this report as the case of a cross-border M&A companies between UK and China, where the UK Company will be the parental group and China, the target. Cross-border M&A is defined as a project in which a firm from one country buys the entire asset or controls percentage of an enterprise in another country (Zhang & Wang, 2004). When the cross-border M&A happens, it becomes the main task for the enterprise to combine resources and operations. Main goal of this report is to provide insights for managing cultural differences in order to reduce the costs of a lousy cross-cultural management and eliminate the conflicts caused from cultural differences in multinational enterprise.
Cultural Differences in Times of Globalization. An Overview of Hofstede's Theory and Two New Theories by Julian Kraft Pdf
Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject Cultural Studies - Basics and Definitions, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, language: English, abstract: In this paper the importance of the cultural differences, especially the national culture, should be clarified because in times of globalization it’s unalterable to consider such different characteristics in the daily business. For the topic of national culture the culture model of Hofstede is still representative but this theory is meanwhile out of date and there exist newer models which give new insights in this specific topic. This paper gives an overview about the model of Hofstede and two newer theories with regard to a created thesis. The models exhibit several differences which enable to survey the topic national culture under a variety of aspects. The conclusion makes clear that other aspects should be also considered beside the cultural differences especially in business relationships. In the late 1960s and the early 1970s a Dutch social researcher named Geert Hofstede conducted about the influences of national culture in the workplace. Until this point of time his study was the most extensive one in this specific field of research. In the following decades additional surveys carried out and were more and more popular. They built on Hofstede’s culture model and modify it. For example the culture dimensions of Alfons Trompenaars or the globe study. In the following essay Hofstede’s model should be examined with the help of prevailing research results, transpire comparisons and differences. This subject of national culture should be considered consistently with leadership.
