Current Controversies In Values And Science

Current Controversies In Values And Science Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Current Controversies In Values And Science book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.

Current Controversies in Values and Science

Kevin C. Elliott,Daniel Steel
Current Controversies in Values and Science Book PDF

Author : Kevin C. Elliott,Daniel Steel
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317273998

Get Book

Current Controversies in Values and Science by Kevin C. Elliott,Daniel Steel Pdf

Current Controversies in Values and Science asks ten philosophers to debate five questions (two philosophers per debate) that are driving contemporary work in this important area of philosophy of science. The book is perfect for the advanced student, building up her knowledge of the foundations of the field while also engaging its most cutting-edge questions. Introductions and annotated bibliographies for each debate, preliminary descriptions of each chapter, study questions, and a supplemental guide to further controversies involving values in science help provide clearer and richer snapshots of active controversies for all readers.

Values and Objectivity in Science

Hugh Lacey
Values and Objectivity in Science Book PDF

Author : Hugh Lacey
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0739111418

Get Book

Values and Objectivity in Science by Hugh Lacey Pdf

Values and Objectivity in Science illuminates many of the ethical issues that arise concerning scientific practices and applications, offering an account of how social and ethical values play important roles within science. Hugh Lacey develops and clarifies his previous analysis by arguing for the importance of research being conducted under a plurality of strategies, contrasting 'materialist strategies' with 'agro-ecological strategies.' By displaying the structure of current ethical controversies about the legitimacy of planting transgenic crops, this book illustrates that sound thinking on such issues must be grounded on an adequate philosophy of science, one that can clearly distinguish between the proper and the distorting roles of values in scientific practices. This book will prove useful for science students and practitioners as well as those interested in the growing ethical questions involved in scientific practices.

Communicating Science Effectively

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on the Science of Science Communication: A Research Agenda
Communicating Science Effectively Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on the Science of Science Communication: A Research Agenda
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309451055

Get Book

Communicating Science Effectively by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on the Science of Science Communication: A Research Agenda Pdf

Science and technology are embedded in virtually every aspect of modern life. As a result, people face an increasing need to integrate information from science with their personal values and other considerations as they make important life decisions about medical care, the safety of foods, what to do about climate change, and many other issues. Communicating science effectively, however, is a complex task and an acquired skill. Moreover, the approaches to communicating science that will be most effective for specific audiences and circumstances are not obvious. Fortunately, there is an expanding science base from diverse disciplines that can support science communicators in making these determinations. Communicating Science Effectively offers a research agenda for science communicators and researchers seeking to apply this research and fill gaps in knowledge about how to communicate effectively about science, focusing in particular on issues that are contentious in the public sphere. To inform this research agenda, this publication identifies important influences â€" psychological, economic, political, social, cultural, and media-related â€" on how science related to such issues is understood, perceived, and used.

A Tapestry of Values

Kevin C. Elliott
A Tapestry of Values Book PDF

Author : Kevin C. Elliott
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2017-01-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190260828

Get Book

A Tapestry of Values by Kevin C. Elliott Pdf

The role of values in scientific research has become an important topic of discussion in both scholarly and popular debates. Pundits across the political spectrum worry that research on topics like climate change, evolutionary theory, vaccine safety, and genetically modified foods has become overly politicized. At the same time, it is clear that values play an important role in science by limiting unethical forms of research and by deciding what areas of research have the greatest relevance for society. Deciding how to distinguish legitimate and illegitimate influences of values in scientific research is a matter of vital importance. Recently, philosophers of science have written a great deal on this topic, but most of their work has been directed toward a scholarly audience. This book makes the contemporary philosophical literature on science and values accessible to a wide readership. It examines case studies from a variety of research areas, including climate science, anthropology, chemical risk assessment, ecology, neurobiology, biomedical research, and agriculture. These cases show that values have necessary roles to play in identifying research topics, choosing research questions, determining the aims of inquiry, responding to uncertainty, and deciding how to communicate information. Kevin Elliott focuses not just on describing roles for values but also on determining when their influences are actually appropriate. He emphasizes several conditions for incorporating values in a legitimate fashion, and highlights multiple strategies for fostering engagement between stakeholders so that value influences can be subjected to careful and critical scrutiny.

Current Controversies in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

Adam J Lerner,Simon Cullen,Sarah-Jane Leslie
Current Controversies in Philosophy of Cognitive Science Book PDF

Author : Adam J Lerner,Simon Cullen,Sarah-Jane Leslie
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2023-05-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1032569743

Get Book

Current Controversies in Philosophy of Cognitive Science by Adam J Lerner,Simon Cullen,Sarah-Jane Leslie Pdf

In this volume, leading researchers debate five core questions in the philosophy of cognitive science. For each topic, the volume provides two essays, each advocating for an opposing approach.

Exploring Inductive Risk

Kevin C. Elliott,Ted Richards
Exploring Inductive Risk Book PDF

Author : Kevin C. Elliott,Ted Richards
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190467746

Get Book

Exploring Inductive Risk by Kevin C. Elliott,Ted Richards Pdf

Science is the most reliable means available for understanding the world around us and our place in it. But, since science draws conclusions based on limited empirical evidence, there is always a chance that a scientific inference will be incorrect. That chance, known as inductive risk, is endemic to science. Though inductive risk has always been present in scientific practice, the role of values in responding to it has only recently gained extensive attention from philosophers, scientists, and policy-makers. Exploring Inductive Risk brings together a set of eleven concrete case studies with the goals of illustrating the pervasiveness of inductive risk, assisting scientists and policymakers in responding to it, and moving theoretical discussions of this phenomenon forward. The case studies range over a wide variety of scientific contexts, including the drug approval process, high energy particle physics, dual-use research, climate science, research on gender disparities in employment, clinical trials, and toxicology. The book includes an introductory chapter that provides a conceptual introduction to the topic and a historical overview of the argument that values have an important role to play in responding to inductive risk, as well as a concluding chapter that synthesizes important themes from the book and maps out issues in need of further consideration.

Science, Policy, and the Value-Free Ideal

Heather Douglas
Science Policy and the Value Free Ideal Book PDF

Author : Heather Douglas
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2009-07-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780822973577

Get Book

Science, Policy, and the Value-Free Ideal by Heather Douglas Pdf

The role of science in policymaking has gained unprecedented stature in the United States, raising questions about the place of science and scientific expertise in the democratic process. Some scientists have been given considerable epistemic authority in shaping policy on issues of great moral and cultural significance, and the politicizing of these issues has become highly contentious. Since World War II, most philosophers of science have purported the concept that science should be “value-free.” In Science, Policy and the Value-Free Ideal, Heather E. Douglas argues that such an ideal is neither adequate nor desirable for science. She contends that the moral responsibilities of scientists require the consideration of values even at the heart of science. She lobbies for a new ideal in which values serve an essential function throughout scientific inquiry, but where the role values play is constrained at key points, thus protecting the integrity and objectivity of science. In this vein, Douglas outlines a system for the application of values to guide scientists through points of uncertainty fraught with moral valence. Following a philosophical analysis of the historical background of science advising and the value-free ideal, Douglas defines how values should-and should not-function in science. She discusses the distinctive direct and indirect roles for values in reasoning, and outlines seven senses of objectivity, showing how each can be employed to determine the reliability of scientific claims. Douglas then uses these philosophical insights to clarify the distinction between junk science and sound science to be used in policymaking. In conclusion, she calls for greater openness on the values utilized in policymaking, and more public participation in the policymaking process, by suggesting various models for effective use of both the public and experts in key risk assessments.

Current Controversies in Philosophy of Religion

Paul Draper
Current Controversies in Philosophy of Religion Book PDF

Author : Paul Draper
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2019-04-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317292746

Get Book

Current Controversies in Philosophy of Religion by Paul Draper Pdf

While orthodox religion by its very nature is conservative, philosophy at its best is inherently radical. It challenges authority, tradition, and the whole idea of "dogma." For this reason, philosophy of religion can be explosively controversial. It is bound to disturb those who peddle incontrovertible truth and fascinate those who seek spiritual truth and are willing to follow the argument wherever it leads. This volume is designed for such seekers. It brings together an international team of leading philosophers of religion to explore and debate radical new ideas about religion, God, and ultimate reality. Four related questions are addressed: How might religion make progress? Is life after death a real possibility? Must a perfect God be motivated by our well-being? What alternatives are there to traditional theism and materialist atheism? The book begins with a vision for the field of philosophy of religion and ends with a capstone chapter that touches on all of the topics debated in the other chapters. The addition of chapter overviews, annotated suggestions for further reading, and annotated guides to three additional controversies make it an ideal textbook in addition to being an important source for scholars and seekers of all kinds.

Values in Science

Kevin C. Elliott
Values in Science Book PDF

Author : Kevin C. Elliott
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2022-06-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781009059541

Get Book

Values in Science by Kevin C. Elliott Pdf

This Element introduces the philosophical literature on values in science by examining four questions: (1) How do values influence science? (2) Should we actively incorporate values in science? (3) How can we manage values in science responsibly? (4) What are some next steps for those who want to help promote responsible roles for values in science? It explores arguments for and against the “value-free ideal” for science (i.e., the notion that values should be excluded from scientific reasoning) and concludes that it should be rejected. Nonetheless, this does not mean that value influences are always acceptable. The Element explores a range of strategies for distinguishing between appropriate and inappropriate value influences. It concludes by proposing an approach for managing values in science that relies on justifying, prioritising, and implementing norms for scientific research practices and institutions.

Earthly Goods

Fen Osler Hampson,Judith Reppy
Earthly Goods Book PDF

Author : Fen Osler Hampson,Judith Reppy
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 080148362X

Get Book

Earthly Goods by Fen Osler Hampson,Judith Reppy Pdf

Ten essays from a series of workshops in 1992 and 1993 and a conference, probably at Cornell University in 1993, tackle difficult issues raised in making environmental policy when social justice concerns are taken seriously. They cover alternative frameworks for evaluating social justice, the role of states and substate actors in the international politics of the environment, the role of science in framing the debate on global environmental change and its use by various actors, and international negotiations. Paper edition (unseen), $16.95. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Current Controversies in the Biological Sciences

Karen F. Greif,Jon F. Merz
Current Controversies in the Biological Sciences Book PDF

Author : Karen F. Greif,Jon F. Merz
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2007-02-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262262941

Get Book

Current Controversies in the Biological Sciences by Karen F. Greif,Jon F. Merz Pdf

In recent years, advances in biological science and technology have outpaced policymakers' attempts to deal with them. Current Controversies in the Biological Sciences examines the ways in which the federal government uses scientific information in reaching policy decisions, providing case studies of the interactions between science and government on different biomedical, biological, and environmental issues. These case studies document a broad range of complex issues in science policy—from the Human Genome Project to tobacco regulation—and provide an accessible overview of both the science behind the issues and the policy-making process. The cases illustrate the different ways in which science and politics intersect in policy decisions, as well as the different forms policy itself may take—including not only regulatory action but the lack of regulation. Among the topics examined are public and private research funding, as seen in gene patenting; reluctance to regulate even when a product has been proven unhealthy, as in the case of tobacco; a comparison of U.S. and international policy responses to genetically modified organisms; and the competing interests at play in air pollution policy. Each chapter includes shorter side essays on related topics (for example, essays on issues raised by the SARS epidemic accompany the detailed case study of the public health response to the anthrax-laced mail received in the weeks after 9/11). This clear and readable introduction to controversial issues in the biological sciences will be a valuable resource for students of science policy and bioethics and for professionals in industry, government, and nongovernmental organizations who need background on emerging issues in the biological sciences.

Science and Values

Larry Laudan
Science and Values Book PDF

Author : Larry Laudan
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780520057432

Get Book

Science and Values by Larry Laudan Pdf

Laudan constructs a fresh approach to a longtime problem for the philosopher of science: how to explain the simultaneous and widespread presence of both agreement and disagreement in science. Laudan critiques the logical empiricists and the post-positivists as he stresses the need for centrality and values and the interdependence of values, methods, and facts as prerequisites to solving the problems of consensus and dissent in science.

Current Controversies in Philosophy of Memory

André Sant'Anna,Christopher Jude McCarroll,Kourken Michaelian
Current Controversies in Philosophy of Memory Book PDF

Author : André Sant'Anna,Christopher Jude McCarroll,Kourken Michaelian
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2022-07-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000595383

Get Book

Current Controversies in Philosophy of Memory by André Sant'Anna,Christopher Jude McCarroll,Kourken Michaelian Pdf

The surge of philosophical interest in episodic memory has brought to light a number of controversial questions about this form of memory that have only recently begun to be addressed in detail. This book organises discussion around six such questions, offering two new chapters per question, from experts in the field. The questions are: I. What is the relationship between memory and imagination? II. Do memory traces have content? III. What is the nature of mnemonic confabulation? IV. What is the function of episodic memory? V. Do non-human animals have episodic memory? VI. Does episodic memory give us knowledge of the past? The book constitutes a valuable resource for researchers, teachers, and students alike. For researchers, it provides an up-to-date discussion of some of the main theories, arguments, and problems in the area. For teachers, the book can supply the readings for an entire course, or particular sections can provide the readings for specific units within a broader philosophy of memory course. For students, the book offers accessible discussions of some of the most recent topics in the philosophy of memory, which, when taken together, serve as a well-rounded introduction to the area.

Environmental Expertise

Esther Turnhout,Willemijn Tuinstra,Willem Halffman
Environmental Expertise Book PDF

Author : Esther Turnhout,Willemijn Tuinstra,Willem Halffman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2019-02-21
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781107098749

Get Book

Environmental Expertise by Esther Turnhout,Willemijn Tuinstra,Willem Halffman Pdf

Provides an overview of the important role that environmental experts play at the science-policy interface, and the complex challenges they face.

Is a Little Pollution Good for You?

Kevin C. Elliott
Is a Little Pollution Good for You Book PDF

Author : Kevin C. Elliott
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2011-03-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190454135

Get Book

Is a Little Pollution Good for You? by Kevin C. Elliott Pdf

Could low-level exposure to polluting chemicals be analogous to exercise -- a beneficial source of stress that strengthens the body? Some scientists studying the phenomenon of hormesis (beneficial or stimulatory effects caused by low-dose exposure to toxic substances) claim that that this may be the case. Is A Little Pollution Good For You? critically examines the current evidence for hormesis. In the process, it highlights the range of methodological and interpretive judgments involved in environmental research: choices about what questions to ask and how to study them, decisions about how to categorize and describe new information, judgments about how to interpret and evaluate ambiguous evidence, and questions about how to formulate public policy in response to debated scientific findings. The book also uncovers the ways that interest groups with deep pockets attempt to influence these scientific judgments for their benefit. Several chapters suggest ways to counter these influences and incorporate a broader array of societal values in environmental research: (1) moving beyond conflict-of-interest policies to develop new ways of safeguarding academic research from potential biases; (2) creating deliberative forums in which multiple stakeholders can discuss the judgments involved in policy-relevant research; and (3) developing ethical guidelines that can assist scientific experts in disseminating debated and controversial phenomena to the public. Kevin C. Elliott illustrates these strategies in the hormesis case, as well as in two additional case studies involving contemporary environmental research: endocrine disruption and multiple chemical sensitivity. This book should be of interest to a wide variety of readers, including scientists, philosophers, policy makers, environmental ethicists and activists, research ethicists, industry leaders, and concerned citizens.