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As Earth moves around the sun, the seasons on Earth change. The movement of the moon affects the tides in Earth's oceans. What happens in space has an influence on our lives. In this book, readers explore the cycles in the space that most affect us and the space science taught in upper elementary science classes. Accessible language and simple explanations make this the perfect introduction to Earth's cycles for readers struggling with traditional textbooks. Diagrams of each cycle provide a great review of each cycle as well as another way to understand each concept.
"What happens in space has an influence on our lives. As Earth moves around the sun, the seasons on Earth change. The movement of the moon affects the tides in Earth's oceans. In this book, readers explore the cycles in the space that most affect us and the space science taught in upper elementary science classes. Accessible language and simple explanations make this the perfect introduction to Earth's cycles for readers struggling with traditional textbooks. Colorful photographs, fact boxes, and graphic organizers add interest to the text"--
On the Tangent Space to the Space of Algebraic Cycles on a Smooth Algebraic Variety. (AM-157) by Mark L. Green,Mark Green,Phillip Griffiths,Phillip A. Griffiths Pdf
In recent years, considerable progress has been made in studying algebraic cycles using infinitesimal methods. These methods have usually been applied to Hodge-theoretic constructions such as the cycle class and the Abel-Jacobi map. Substantial advances have also occurred in the infinitesimal theory for subvarieties of a given smooth variety, centered around the normal bundle and the obstructions coming from the normal bundle's first cohomology group. Here, Mark Green and Phillip Griffiths set forth the initial stages of an infinitesimal theory for algebraic cycles. The book aims in part to understand the geometric basis and the limitations of Spencer Bloch's beautiful formula for the tangent space to Chow groups. Bloch's formula is motivated by algebraic K-theory and involves differentials over Q. The theory developed here is characterized by the appearance of arithmetic considerations even in the local infinitesimal theory of algebraic cycles. The map from the tangent space to the Hilbert scheme to the tangent space to algebraic cycles passes through a variant of an interesting construction in commutative algebra due to Angéniol and Lejeune-Jalabert. The link between the theory given here and Bloch's formula arises from an interpretation of the Cousin flasque resolution of differentials over Q as the tangent sequence to the Gersten resolution in algebraic K-theory. The case of 0-cycles on a surface is used for illustrative purposes to avoid undue technical complications.
**WINNER OF THE 2020 NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS** What came before the Big Bang? How did the universe begin and must it inevitably end? In this remarkable book Roger Penrose brilliantly illuminates some of the deepest mysteries of the universe. Cycles of Time contains a penetrating analysis of the second law of thermodynamics - according to which the 'randomness' of our world is continually increasing - and a thorough examination of the light-cone geometry of space-time. It combines these two central themes to show how the expected ultimate fate of our accelerating, expanding universe can actually be reinterpreted as the 'big bang' of a new one. Presenting various standard and non-standard cosmological models, discussing black holes in depth as well as taking in the role of the cosmic microwave background along the way, Roger Penrose argues that the Big Bang was not actually the beginning of everything - nor will it signal the end. 'Science needs more people like Penrose, willing and able to point out the flaws in fashionable models from a position of authority, and to signpost alternative roads to follow' Independent
This volume deals with a variety of problems involving cycles in graphs and circuits in digraphs. Leading researchers in this area present here 3 survey papers and 42 papers containing new results. There is also a collection of unsolved problems.
Complex Analytic Cycles I by Daniel Barlet,Jón Magnússon Pdf
The book consists of a presentation from scratch of cycle space methodology in complex geometry. Applications in various contexts are given. A significant portion of the book is devoted to material which is important in the general area of complex analysis. In this regard, a geometric approach is used to obtain fundamental results such as the local parameterization theorem, Lelong' s Theorem and Remmert's direct image theorem. Methods involving cycle spaces have been used in complex geometry for some forty years. The purpose of the book is to systematically explain these methods in a way which is accessible to graduate students in mathematics as well as to research mathematicians. After the background material which is presented in the initial chapters, families of cycles are treated in the last most important part of the book. Their topological aspects are developed in a systematic way and some basic, important applications of analytic families of cycles are given. The construction of the cycle space as a complex space, along with numerous important applications, is given in the second volume. The present book is a translation of the French version that was published in 2014 by the French Mathematical Society.
This high-interest informational text will help students gain science content knowledge while building their literacy skills and nonfiction reading comprehension. This appropriately leveled nonfiction science reader features hands-on, simple science experiments and full-color images and graphics. Fourth grade students will learn all about Earth's cycles through this engaging text that is aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards and supports STEM education.
He is a bystander, wandering like a ghost in this world called the earth, watching flowers bloom and fall, sitting and watching clouds roll, watching human beings live and work in peace and contentment, and watching the life of birds and animals.
Virtual Fundamental Cycles in Symplectic Topology by John W. Morgan,Dusa McDuff,Mohammad Tehrani,Kenji Fukaya,Dominic Joyce Pdf
The method of using the moduli space of pseudo-holomorphic curves on a symplectic manifold was introduced by Mikhail Gromov in 1985. From the appearance of Gromov's original paper until today this approach has been the most important tool in global symplectic geometry. To produce numerical invariants of these manifolds using this method requires constructing a fundamental cycle associated with moduli spaces. This volume brings together three approaches to constructing the “virtual” fundamental cycle for the moduli space of pseudo-holomorphic curves. All approaches are based on the idea of local Kuranishi charts for the moduli space. Workers in the field will get a comprehensive understanding of the details of these constructions and the assumptions under which they can be made. These techniques and results will be essential in further applications of this approach to producing invariants of symplectic manifolds.
The global economic crisis of 2008 was precipitated by a housing market crash, thus highlighting the destabilizing influence of the property cycle upon the wider economy. This timely book by a world authority explores why cycles occur and how they affect the behaviour of real estate markets. The central argument put forward is that growth and instability are inextricably linked, and that building investment acts both as a key driver of growth and as the source of the most volatile cyclical fluctuations in an economy. The role of building cycles in both economic growth and urban development is explored through a theoretical review and a comparative historical analysis of UK and US national data stretching back to the start of the nineteenth century, together with a case study of the development of London since the start of the eighteenth century. A simulation model of the building cycle is presented and tested using data for the City of London office market. The analysis is then broadened to examine the operation of property cycles in global investment markets during the post-war period, focussing on their contribution to the diffusion of innovation, the accumulation of wealth and the propagation of market instability. Building Cycles: growth & instability concludes by synthesizing the main themes into a theoretical framework, which can guide our understanding of the operation and impact of building cycles on the modern economy. Postgraduate students on courses in property and in urban development as well as professional property researchers, urban economists and planners will find this a stimulating read – demanding but accessible.
Le Cycles and Hypersurface Singularities by David Massey Pdf
This book describes and gives applications of an important new tool in the study of complex analytic hypersurface singularities: the Lê cycles of the hypersurface. The Lê cycles and their multiplicities - the Lê numbers - provide effectively calculable data which generalizes the Milnor number of an isolated singularity to the case of singularities of arbitrary dimension. The Lê numbers control many topological and geometric properties of such non-isolated hypersurface singularities. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers interested in complex analytic singularities.
Environmental Applications of Remote Sensing by Maged Marghany Pdf
Nowadays, the innovation in space technologies creates a new trend for the Earth observation and monitoring from space. This book contains high quality and compressive work on both microwave and optical remote sensing applications. This book is divided into five sections: (i) remote sensing for biomass estimation, (ii) remote sensing-based glacier studies, (iii) remote sensing for coastal and ocean applications, (iv) sewage leaks and environment disasters, and (v) remote sensing image processing. Each chapter offers an opportunity to expand the knowledge about various remote sensing techniques and persuade researchers to deliver new research novelty for environment studies.
The Solar Activity Cycle by André Balogh,Hugh Hudson,Kristóf Petrovay,Rudolf Steiger Pdf
A collection of papers edited by four experts in the field, this book sets out to describe the way solar activity is manifested in observations of the solar interior, the photosphere, the chromosphere, the corona and the heliosphere. The 11-year solar activity cycle, more generally known as the sunspot cycle, is a fundamental property of the Sun. This phenomenon is the generation and evolution of magnetic fields in the Sun’s convection zone, the photosphere. It is only by the careful enumeration and description of the phenomena and their variations that one can clarify their interdependences. The sunspot cycle has been tracked back about four centuries, and it has been recognized that to make this data set a really useful tool in understanding how the activity cycle works and how it can be predicted, a very careful and detailed effort is needed to generate sunspot numbers. This book deals with this topic, together with several others that present related phenomena that all indicate the physical processes that take place in the Sun and its exterior environment. The reviews in the book also present the latest theoretical and modelling studies that attempt to explain the activity cycle. It remains true, as has been shown in the unexpected characteristics of the first two solar cycles in the 21st century, that predictability remains a serious challenge. Nevertheless, the highly expert and detailed reviews in this book, using the very best solar observations from both ground- and space based telescopes, provide the best possible report on what is known and what is yet to be discovered. Originally published in Space Science Reviews, Vol 186, Issues 1-4, 2014.