Ddt Wars

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DDT Wars

Charles F. Wurster
DDT Wars Book PDF

Author : Charles F. Wurster
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2015-06-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190219420

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DDT Wars by Charles F. Wurster Pdf

DDT Wars is the untold inside story of the decade-long scientific, legal and strategic campaign that culminated in the national ban of the insecticide DDT in 1972. The widespread misinformation, disinformation and mythology of the DDT issue are corrected in this book. DDT contamination had become worldwide, concentrating up food chains and causing birds to lay thin-shelled eggs that broke in the nests. Populations of many species of predatory and fish-eating birds collapsed, including the American Bald Eagle, Osprey, Peregrine Falcon and Brown Pelican. Their numbers recovered spectacularly in the decades following the ban. During the campaign DDT and five other insecticides were found to cause cancer in laboratory tests, which led to bans of these six pesticides by international treaty in 2001. This campaign produced lasting changes in American pesticide policies. The legal precedents broke down the court "standing" barrier, forming the basis for the development of environmental law as we know it today. This case history represents one of the greatest environmental victories of recent decades. DDT is still "controversial" because it has been deceptively interjected into the "climate wars." This campaign was led by the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), founded in 1967 by ten citizens, most of them scientists, volunteers without special political connections or financial resources. Their strategy was to take environmental problems to court. There were many setbacks along the way in this exciting and entertaining story. The group was often kicked out of court, but a few determined citizens made a large difference for environmental protection and public health. Author Charles Wurster was one of the leaders of the campaign. The first six years of EDF history are described as it struggled to survive. Now EDF is one of the world's great environmental advocacy organizations defending our climate, ecosystems, oceans and public health.

DDT Wars

Charles F. Wurster
DDT Wars Book PDF

Author : Charles F. Wurster
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780190219413

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DDT Wars by Charles F. Wurster Pdf

During the 1950s and 60s, scientists began to question the widespread use of DDT, a pesticide used indiscriminately for agricultural purposes because of its efficiency in killing insects. Researchers were discovering that contact with the chemical was leading to the decline of many species of predatory birds, and was a major factor in causing cancer and reproductive defects in humans. DDT was affecting ecosystems in both the Arctic and Antarctic, and was contaminating countless species of animals by working its way up the food chain. In 1962, Rachel Carson famously wrote about the plight inSilent Spring, and in 1972, the Environmental Protection Agency banned the substance. The road to banning DDT, however, was far from straightforward. The grassroots movement, which was led by a group of ten scientists who created Environmental Defense Fund, was opposed early and often by various corporations and political groups. These groups claimed that EDF was based on "junk science," and that its founding scientists were simply radicals. One of these scientists was Charles Wurster, and inDDT Wars Wurster gives us the story of the many scientific and legal maneuvers EDF made in order to have DDT banned from legal use as a pesticide. Many issues swirled as the battle waged: was DDT's use in controlling malaria in ravaged countries a reason not to ban it as a pesticide? And what legal precedents would be set, once the substance was banned? Wurster breaks down the multifaceted battle from start to finish, showing us the crucial turning points and the many ramifications of EDF's victory. Though its existence was threatened early on, Environmental Defense Fund's fiftieth anniversary is approaching, and the organization has now morphed into a leader on many different environmental activist fronts.DDT Wars is the dramatic story of the original issue that EDF was founded to fight, and is one of the strongest examples we have of grassroots environmentalism affecting positive change.

The Fire Ant Wars

Joshua Blu Buhs
The Fire Ant Wars Book PDF

Author : Joshua Blu Buhs
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2010-11-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780226079844

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The Fire Ant Wars by Joshua Blu Buhs Pdf

Sometime in the first half of the twentieth century, a coterie of fire ants came ashore from South American ships docked in Mobile, Alabama. Fanning out across the region, the fire ants invaded the South, damaging crops, harassing game animals, and hindering harvesting methods. Responding to a collective call from southerners to eliminate these invasive pests, the U.S. Department of Agriculture developed a campaign that not only failed to eradicate the fire ants but left a wake of dead wildlife, sickened cattle, and public protest. With political intrigue, environmental tragedy, and such figures as Rachel Carson and E. O. Wilson, The Fire Ant Wars is a grippingly perceptive tale of changing social attitudes and scientific practices. Tracing the political and scientific eradication campaigns, Joshua Buhs's bracing study uses the saga as a means to consider twentieth-century American concepts of nature and environmental stewardship. In telling the story, Buhs explores how human concepts of nature evolve and how these ideas affect the natural and social worlds. Spotlighting a particular issue to discuss larger questions of science, public perceptions, and public policy—from pre-environmental awareness to the activist years of the early environmental movement—The Fire Ant Wars will appeal to historians of science, environmentalists, and biologists alike.

Solvable

Susan Solomon
Solvable Book PDF

Author : Susan Solomon
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2024
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780226827933

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Solvable by Susan Solomon Pdf

"In this convincing book, MIT climate scientist Susan Solomon argues against the hopeless passivity we too often feel when confronted with dire predictions about the future of our planet. Her antidote is to provide the inside story of past environmental victories, to extract from this neglected history the essential elements of what works, and to show that we have not just the popular will but the specific means to save the planet. In each case, she demonstrates the path to success begins with researchers and activists who make an environmental problem--smog, DDT, ozone depletion, lead, climate change--both perceptible and personal. Lawmakers, diplomats, and international agencies then take up the cause. But real change takes place when legislation and regulation lead to "technology-forcing," in tandem with consumer pressure, which co-ops manufacturers of environmentally sensitive products, turning presumed culprits into allies. It's not just polemics; it's also pragmatism. The heroes in these stories range from angry mothers; to gangs turned social activists; to upset Long Island bird watchers; to iconoclastic scientists (often women); to brilliant legislative craftsmen, among whom the almost forgotten Edmund Muskie stands supreme. Solomon's fundamental message is that doom and gloom get us nowhere, and idealism will only take us so far. As she ably demonstrates, healing the planet is a long game, won not only with marches and soul-stirring speeches, but with pragmatic maneuvering that moves beyond moral suasion to apply economic pressure and regulatory action which signals to industry the imperative to innovate and compete. Solomon's authoritative point of view is an inspiration, a reality check, a road map, and a dose of optimism that can lead to sustained commitment from all stake holders. Healing our Planet is Solvable. Solomon shows how"--

Feather Trails

Sophie A. H. Osborn
Feather Trails Book PDF

Author : Sophie A. H. Osborn
Publisher : Chelsea Green Publishing
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2024-05-02
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781645022435

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Feather Trails by Sophie A. H. Osborn Pdf

The story of one woman’s remarkable work with a trio of charismatic, endangered bird species—and her discoveries about the devastating threats that imperil them. In Feather Trails, wildlife biologist and birder Sophie A. H. Osborn reveals how the harmful environmental choices we’ve made—including pesticide use, the introduction of invasive species, lead poisoning, and habitat destruction—have decimated Peregrine Falcons, Hawaiian Crows, and California Condors. In the Rocky Mountains, the cloud forests of Hawai’i, and the Grand Canyon, Sophie and her colleagues work day-to-day to try to reintroduce these birds to the wild, even when it seems that the odds are steeply stacked against their survival. With humor and suspense, Feather Trails introduces us to the fascinating behaviors and unique personalities of Sophie’s avian charges and shows that what endangers them ultimately threatens all life on our planet. More than a deeply researched environmental investigation, Feather Trails is also a personal journey and human story, in which Sophie overcomes her own obstacles—among them heat exhaustion, poachers, rattlesnakes, and chauvinism. Ultimately, Feather Trails is an inspiring, poignant narrative about endangered birds and how our choices can help to ensure a future not only for the rarest species, but for us too. "An intimate look at the wonder and effort needed for working with endangered species in the wild. [Osborn's] matter-of-fact writing style and wry humor make the reader part of the action."—Booklist (starred review)

Silent Spring

Rachel Carson
Silent Spring Book PDF

Author : Rachel Carson
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780141994000

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Silent Spring by Rachel Carson Pdf

Now recognized as one of the most influential books of the twentieth century, Silent Spring exposed the destruction of wildlife through the widespread use of pesticides Rachel Carson's Silent Spring alerted a large audience to the environmental and human dangers of pesticides, spurring revolutionary changes in the laws affecting our air, land, and water. Despite condemnation in the press and heavy-handed attempts by the chemical industry to ban the book, Carson succeeded in creating a new public awareness of the environment which led to changes in government and inspired the ecological movement. It is thanks to this book, and the help of many environmentalists, that harmful pesticides such as DDT were banned from use in the US and countries around the world. This Penguin Modern Classics edition includes an introduction by Lord Shackleton, a preface by World Wildlife Fund founder Julian Huxley, and an afterword by Carson's biographer Linda Lear.

Nature Wars

Mark L. Winston
Nature Wars Book PDF

Author : Mark L. Winston
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Nature
ISBN : 067460542X

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Nature Wars by Mark L. Winston Pdf

A compelling book about ethics and choices, Nature Wars shows us the difference between protecting ourselves from real pests and poisoning ourselves and the planet.

Hazardous Chemicals

Ernst Homburg,Elisabeth Vaupel
Hazardous Chemicals Book PDF

Author : Ernst Homburg,Elisabeth Vaupel
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789203202

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Hazardous Chemicals by Ernst Homburg,Elisabeth Vaupel Pdf

Although poisonous substances have been a hazard for the whole of human history, it is only with the development and large-scale production of new chemical substances over the last two centuries that toxic, manmade pollutants have become such a varied and widespread danger. Covering a host of both notorious and little-known chemicals, the chapters in this collection investigate the emergence of specific toxic, pathogenic, carcinogenic, and ecologically harmful chemicals as well as the scientific, cultural and legislative responses they have prompted. Each study situates chemical hazards in a long-term and transnational framework and demonstrates the importance of considering both the natural and the social contexts in which their histories have unfolded.

Egypt's Other Wars

Nancy Elizabeth Gallagher
Egypt s Other Wars Book PDF

Author : Nancy Elizabeth Gallagher
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780815655527

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Egypt's Other Wars by Nancy Elizabeth Gallagher Pdf

Three devastating epidemics swept Egypt in the 1940’s killing more people than all the wars Egypt has fought in the twentieth century. Egypt’s Other Wars vividly reconstructs the nation’s struggle against malaria, relapsing fever, and cholera and explores the unique combination of forces that put public health at the top of the national political agenda. Egypt in the 1940’s as in the throes of a nationalist upheaval. Nationalists of all political ideologies attributed the sever epidemics that the country was experiencing to Egypt’s status as an underdeveloped and colonized nation. The epidemics were therefore viewed for the first time as not only a public health crisis but also a political problem that called for a political solution.

Nature at War

Thomas Robertson,Richard P. Tucker,Nicholas B. Breyfogle,Peter Mansoor
Nature at War Book PDF

Author : Thomas Robertson,Richard P. Tucker,Nicholas B. Breyfogle,Peter Mansoor
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2020-04-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108419765

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Nature at War by Thomas Robertson,Richard P. Tucker,Nicholas B. Breyfogle,Peter Mansoor Pdf

"World War II was the largest and most destructive conflict in human history. It was an existential struggle that pitted irreconcilable political systems and ideologies against one another across the globe in a decade of violence unlike any other. There is little doubt today that the United States had to engage in the fighting, especially after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. The conflict was, in the words of historians Allan Millett and Williamson Murray, "a war to be won." As the world's largest industrial power, the United States put forth a supreme effort to produce the weapons, munitions, and military formations essential to achieving victory. When the war finally ended, the finale signaled by atomic mushroom clouds over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, upwards of 60 million people had perished in the inferno. Of course, the human toll represented only part of the devastation; global environments also suffered greatly. The growth and devastation of the Second World War significantly changed American landscapes as well. The war created or significantly expanded a number of industries, put land to new uses, spurred urbanization, and left a legacy of pollution that would in time create a new term: Superfund site"--

War and the Environment

Charles E. Closmann
War and the Environment Book PDF

Author : Charles E. Closmann
Publisher : Texas A&M University Press
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2009-09-14
Category : History
ISBN : 1603441697

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War and the Environment by Charles E. Closmann Pdf

In recent times, the devastation occurring in places like Darfur has focused the world’s attention on the intertwined relationship of military conflict and the environment—and the attendant human suffering. In War and the Environment, eleven scholars explore, among other topics, the environmental ravages of trench warfare in World War I, the exploitation of Philippine forests for military purposes from the Spanish colonial period through 1945, William Tecumseh Sherman’s scorched-earth tactics during his 1864–65 March to the Sea, and the effects of wartime policy upon U.S. and German conservation practices during World War II.

Encyclopedia of War and American Society

Peter Karsten
Encyclopedia of War and American Society Book PDF

Author : Peter Karsten
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 1385 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : History
ISBN : 9780761930976

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Encyclopedia of War and American Society by Peter Karsten Pdf

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The War on Bugs

Will Allen
The War on Bugs Book PDF

Author : Will Allen
Publisher : Chelsea Green Publishing
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781933392462

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The War on Bugs by Will Allen Pdf

"From the start, farmers and consumers opposed the marketers' noxious shill. But more than a century of collusion among advertisers, editors, scientists, large-scale farmers, government agencies - and even Dr. Seuss - convinced most farmers to use deadly chemicals, hormones, antibiotics, and, more recently, genetically modified organisms." "Akin to seminal works on the topic like Upton Sinclair's The Jungle, Arthur Kallet and F. J. Schlink's 100,000,000 Guinea Pigs, and Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, The War on Bugs - richly illustrated with dozens of original advertisements and promotions - details both the chemical industry's relentless efforts and the recurring waves of resistance by generations of consumers, farmers, and activists against toxic food, a struggle that continues today but with deep roots in the long rise of industrial agriculture."--BOOK JACKET.

Rachel Carson

Karen F. Stein
Rachel Carson Book PDF

Author : Karen F. Stein
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2013-02-11
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789462090682

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Rachel Carson by Karen F. Stein Pdf

Karen F. Stein University of Rhode Island, Kingston, USA Rachel Carson is the twentieth century’s most significant environmentalist. Her books about the sea blend science and poetry as they invite readers to share her celebration of the ocean’s wonders. Silent Spring, her graphic and compelling exposé of the damage caused by the widespread aerial spraying of persistent organic pesticides such as DDT, opened our eyes to the interconnectedness of all living beings and the ecological systems we inhabit. Carson’s work challenges our belief that science and technology can control the natural world, asks us to recognize our place in the world around us, and inspires us to treat the earth respectfully. She calls us to rekindle our sense of wonder at nature’s power and beauty, and to tread lightly on the earth so that it will continue to sustain us and our descendants. This book guides readers on a journey through Carson’s life and work, considers Carson’s legacies, and points to some of the continuing challenges to sustainability. It provides a listing of resources for reading, learning, or teaching about the environment, about nature writing, and about Carson and the crucial issues she addressed.

DDT and the American Century

David Kinkela
DDT and the American Century Book PDF

Author : David Kinkela
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2011-11-07
Category : History
ISBN : 0807869309

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DDT and the American Century by David Kinkela Pdf

Praised for its ability to kill insects effectively and cheaply and reviled as an ecological hazard, DDT continues to engender passion across the political spectrum as one of the world's most controversial chemical pesticides. In DDT and the American Century, David Kinkela chronicles the use of DDT around the world from 1941 to the present with a particular focus on the United States, which has played a critical role in encouraging the global use of the pesticide. Kinkela's study offers a unique approach to understanding both this contentious chemical and modern environmentalism in an international context.