Definitions Protocols And Guidelines In Genetic Hearing Impairment
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Definitions, Protocols and Guidelines in Genetic Hearing Impairment by Alessandro Martini Pdf
This book brings together many of the main conclusions of the European Concerted Action Programme on Genetic Hearing Impairment (HEAR). It is spilt into four sections, covering definitions, protocols, genotype/phenotype relationships and important websites.The section on definitions enables all those approaching the problems of Genetic Hearing Impairment from different backgrounds to communicate in the same language and understand what each is doing more clearly. The definitions are of Audiological, Vestibulogical, Epidemiological and Genetic terms, together with specific terms associated with particular craniofacial abnormalities. The second section comprises protocols for the minimal set investigation of patients and their family members with genetic hearing impairment. Relatively little work has been done in the past on the balance of disorders which may be associated with Genetic Hearing Impairment and a protocol aiming to elucidate some of these factors in a relevant way has been defined. The final chapter in this section deals with how audiologists should relate to genetic laboratories in an attempt to reduce the confusion which has risen in this field in the past. The third section is concerned with the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes in non-syndromal hearing impairment in the conditions in which the genes have so far been localised and in many cases identified. The final section deals with the important websites within this field. The most important and the most visited is the Hereditary Hearing Loss website based on Antwerp and managed by Guy Van Camp and Richard Smith.
Genes, Hearing, and Deafness by Alessandro Martini,Dafydd Stephens,Andrew P. Read Pdf
The field of generic hearing impairment is one where rapid advances are taking place, and it can often be difficult for Audiologists to keep track of the broader picture. In this important new text the authors take a synoptic approach and summarize the causes and basis of hearing impairments, the impact on the individual and the therapies available
Living with Hearing Difficulties by Dafydd Stephens Pdf
Living with Hearing Difficulties is a source-book for professionals who encounter and support individuals with hearing difficulties. It will also be of interest to people with hearing difficulties themselves and those close to them. The book highlights the concept of audiological enablement as being an interactive process requiring the active involvement of both clinician and patient. The thirteen chapters encompass four sections which broadly follow the categories of the World Health Organization's ICF (2001): Section 1 addresses types of hearing disorders, the impairments they cause and also the process of help seeking. Section 2 deals with the effects of hearing impairment on communication and psychosocial functioning. Section 3 considers the individual in their environment; their family, work, and leisure. Section 4 elaborates on the process of enablement in a non-prescriptive manner. The authors approach the problems and needs from the standpoint of what the patient/client is seeking. Enablement is seen as a team effort between the professionals, the patient and their family in an ever-changing environment. This entails using any relevant techniques to ensure the well-being of the individual with hearing impairment; that end remains very much their goal. The book also has a companion website www.wiley.com/go/stephens which hosts additional downloadable documents as well as a demonstration of the concept of the signal-to-noise ratio.
Genetic Disorders of the Indian Subcontinent by Dhavendra Kumar Pdf
The Indian subcontinent is a vast land mass inhabited by over one billion people. Its rich and varied history is reflected by its numerous racial and ethnic groups and its distinct religious, cultural and social characteristics. Like many developing countries in Asia, it is passing through both demographic and epidemiological transitions whereby, at least in some parts, the diseases of severe poverty are being replaced by those of Westemisation; obesity, diabetes, and heart disease, for example. Indeed, as we move into the new millennium India has become a land of opposites; on the one hand there is still extensive poverty yet, on the other hand, some of the most remarkable developments in commerce and technology in Asia are taking place, notably in the fields of information technology and biotechnology. India has always fascinated human geneticists and a considerable amount of work has been done towards tracing the origins of its different ethnic groups. In the current excitement generated by the human genome project and the molecular and genetic approach to the study of human disease, there is little doubt that this field will develop and flourish in India in the future. Although so far there are limited data about genetic diseases in India, enough is known already to suggest that this will be an extremely fruitful area of research.
Containing concise but detailed summaries on a comprehensive range of clinical scenarios and conditions likely to be encountered by trainees, paediatricians, therapists, nurses, and allied professionals in their day-to-day practice, Community Paediatrics is the ideal companion for anyone working with children in the community. The handbook is organized according to the different sub-specialities of community paediatrics, such as child development, neurodevelopmental disorders, and child protection, and incorporates the latest recommendations from current practice, consensus statements, and good practice guidelines. Written by a vast range of contributors from various disciplines who are local, regional, national or international experts in their field, it also contains sections on support organizations, sources of further information/reading, and useful appendices, such as developmental milestones, growth, and BMI centile charts. If you are a health professional working or aspiring to work in the community, then this practical, easy-to-carry, quick-reference handbook is a 'must-have' title, enabling the reader to deliver the highest quality holistic child-centred care.
Prosodic and Phonological Ability in Children with Developmental Language Disorder and Children with Hearing Impairment by Simon Sundström Pdf
Many children with developmental language disorder (DLD) exhibit difficulties with phonology, i.e. the sounds of language. Children with any degree of hearing impairment (HI) are at an increased risk of problems with spoken language, including phonology. The cause of these difficulties is unknown in children with DLD, and is often assumed to result from reduced hearing acuity in children with HI. Variability in terms of language outcomes is large in both groups, and determining if a child’s language ability is within normal limits or not is problematic. A task that has proven useful in differentiating typical from atypical language development is nonword repetition, in which the child listens to a word form without meaning and repeats it back immediately. Performance in nonword repetition tasks is a potential indicator of language ability in both children with DLD and children with HI. However, it has not been established exactly what the task measures. In the present thesis, the ability to repeat prosodic and segmental features of real words and nonwords was investigated in Swedish-speaking four- to six-year-old children with DLD and HI, as well as in children with normal hearing and typical language development (TLD) (papers I, II and III). Further, relations of word and nonword repetition ability to language and hearing were explored (papers II and III), along with comparisons of phonological and grammatical production between the groups (paper IV). The findings indicated that the prosodic features stress and tonal word accent affect repetition performance in children with DLD, HI, and TLD. In general, the children with DLD and HI achieved lower results than the children with TLD on repetition of segments (consonants and vowels) and prosodic features, but tonal word accent was repeated with relatively high accuracy. Tonal word accent 1 was more accurately repeated than tonal word accent 2 by the DLD and HI children. The children with TLD repeated tonal word accent with few errors, but segments in nonwords with tonal word accent 2 were easier to repeat than segments in nonwords with tonal word accent 1. The results further revealed that the ability of children with DLD to repeat stress in real words is related to expressive grammar, but repetition of prosodic features does not reflect general language knowledge. In contrast, repetition of both segmental and prosodic nonword features may be indicative of receptive vocabulary, phonological production during naming of familiar words, and expressive grammar in children with HI. Repetition performance might be related to the degree of HI before cochlear implantation or fitting of hearing aids. Children with DLD and children with HI demonstrate similar strengths and weaknesses in phonological and grammatical production, despite the fact that they develop language under different conditions—with and without normal hearing. Tonal word accent use and syntax are relatively unimpaired in DLD and HI children. This thesis highlights prosodic and phonological strengths and weaknesses in children who have, or are at risk of, deficits in language and communication abilities. It also supports word and nonword repetition as potential predictors of some aspects of language ability in children with DLD and HI. Further, it emphasizes the importance of taking prosody into account when constructing, or interpreting results from, repetition tasks. Future research aiming to investigate the relationship between prosody in repetition and language, cognition and hearing, should use longitudinal study designs, and include younger children. Studies comparing prosodic and phonological ability in children with DLD and children with HI should employ both quantitative and qualitative analyses.
National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Disability Determination for Individuals with Hearing Impairments
Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Disability Determination for Individuals with Hearing Impairments Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 321 pages File Size : 43,7 Mb Release : 2004-12-17 Category : Social Science ISBN : 9780309092968
Hearing Loss by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Disability Determination for Individuals with Hearing Impairments Pdf
Millions of Americans experience some degree of hearing loss. The Social Security Administration (SSA) operates programs that provide cash disability benefits to people with permanent impairments like hearing loss, if they can show that their impairments meet stringent SSA criteria and their earnings are below an SSA threshold. The National Research Council convened an expert committee at the request of the SSA to study the issues related to disability determination for people with hearing loss. This volume is the product of that study. Hearing Loss: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits reviews current knowledge about hearing loss and its measurement and treatment, and provides an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the current processes and criteria. It recommends changes to strengthen the disability determination process and ensure its reliability and fairness. The book addresses criteria for selection of pure tone and speech tests, guidelines for test administration, testing of hearing in noise, special issues related to testing children, and the difficulty of predicting work capacity from clinical hearing test results. It should be useful to audiologists, otolaryngologists, disability advocates, and others who are concerned with people who have hearing loss.
Development, Wellbeing, and Lifelong Learning in Individuals with a Dual Sensory Loss by Marleen J. Janssen,Timothy Scotford Hartshorne,Walter Wittich Pdf
Author : Helga V. Toriello,Shelley D. Smith Publisher : Oxford University Press Page : 576 pages File Size : 42,6 Mb Release : 2013-06-20 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780199313884
Hereditary Hearing Loss and Its Syndromes by Helga V. Toriello,Shelley D. Smith Pdf
This is the third edition of the foremost medical reference on hereditary hearing loss. Chapters on epidemiology, embryology, non-syndromic hearing loss, and syndromic forms of hearing loss have all been updated with particular attention to the vast amount of new information on molecular mechanisms, and chapters on clinical and molecular diagnosis and on genetic susceptibility to ototoxic factors have been added. As in previous editions, the syndromes are grouped by system (visual, metabolic, cardiologic, neurologic, musculoskeletal, endocrine, etc.), with each chapter written by a recognized expert in the field. Written for practicing clinicians, this volume is an excellent reference for physicians, audiologists, and other professionals working with individuals with hearing loss and their families, and can also serve as a text for clinical training programs and for researchers in the hearing sciences.
Author : Valerie E. Newton Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 536 pages File Size : 48,8 Mb Release : 2008-12-30 Category : Medical ISBN : 0470987960
Paediatric Audiological Medicine by Valerie E. Newton Pdf
Professionals will find a wide range of topics relevant to their work with hearing impaired children or those suspected of having an impairment in this book. A chapter on epidemiology includes the prevalence of hearing impairment and several additional chapters are devoted to the various causative factors. Detection of a hearing loss, measurement of the degree of hearing loss and identification of the site of lesion are covered together with management of any hearing loss found. Individual chapters give coverage to balance disorders, tinnitus, progressive hearing loss, auditory neuropathy, central auditory processing disorders and unilateral hearing impairment. Methods of communication, communication disorders and the psychological effects of a hearing impairment are included together with consideration of education and employment issues.
Author : Frederick N. Martin Publisher : Prentice Hall Page : 520 pages File Size : 42,7 Mb Release : 1978 Category : Medical ISBN : UOM:39015000264005
Department of Health and Human Services,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,National Institute Safety and Health
Author : Department of Health and Human Services,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,National Institute Safety and Health Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform Page : 122 pages File Size : 55,7 Mb Release : 2014-02-19 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 1496001591
Occupational Noise Exposure by Department of Health and Human Services,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,National Institute Safety and Health Pdf
In the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Congress declared that its purpose was to assure, so far as possible, safe and healthful working conditions for every working man and woman and to preserve our human resources. In this Act, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is charged with recommending occupational safety and health standards and describing exposure concentrations that are safe for various periods of employment-including but not limited to concentrations at which no worker will suffer diminished health, functional capacity, or life expectancy as a result of his or her work experience. By means of criteria documents, NIOSH communicates these recommended standards to regulatory agencies (including the Occupational Safety and Health Administration [OSHA]) and to others in the occupational safety and health community. Criteria documents provide the scientific basis for new occupational safety and health standards. These documents generally contain a critical review of the scientific and technical information available on the prevalence of hazards, the existence of safety and health risks, and the adequacy of control methods. In addition to transmitting these documents to the Department of Labor, NIOSH also distributes them to health professionals in academic institutions, industry, organized labor, public interest groups, and other government agencies. In 1972, NIOSH published Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Noise, which provided the basis for a recommended standard to reduce the risk of developing permanent hearing loss as a result of occupational noise exposure [NIOSH 1972]. NIOSH has now evaluated the latest scientific information and has revised some of its previous recommendations. The 1998 recommendations go beyond attempting to conserve hearing by focusing on preventing occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). This criteria document reevaluates and reaffirms the recommended exposure limit (REL) for occupational noise exposure established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in 1972. The REL is 85 decibels, A-weighted, as an 8-hr time-weighted average (85 dBA as an 8-hr TWA). Exposures at or above this level are hazardous. By incorporating the 4000-Hz audiometric frequency into the definition of hearing impairment in the risk assessment, NIOSH has found an 8% excess risk of developing occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) during a 40-year lifetime exposure at the 85-dBA REL. NIOSH has also found that scientific evidence supports the use of a 3-dB exchange rate for the calculation of TWA exposures to noise. The recommendations in this document go beyond attempts to conserve hearing by focusing on prevention of occupational NIHL. For workers whose noise exposures equal or exceed 85 dBA, NIOSH recommends a hearing loss prevention program (HLPP) that includes exposure assessment, engineering and administrative controls, proper use of hearing protectors, audiometric evaluation, education and motivation, recordkeeping, and program audits and evaluations. Audiometric evaluation is an important component of an HLPP. To provide early identification of workers with increasing hearing loss, NIOSH has revised the criterion for significant threshold shift to an increase of 15 dB in the hearing threshold level (HTL) at 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, or 6000 Hz in either ear, as determined by two consecutive tests. To permit timely intervention and prevent further hearing losses in workers whose HTLs have increased because of occupational noise exposure, NIOSH no longer recommends age correction on individual audiograms.
Assessment and Management of Central Auditory Processing Disorders in the Educational Setting by Teri James Bellis Pdf
This book takes a comprehensive look at the basic principles underlying central auditory processing disorders (CAPD) and the screening, assessment, and management of these disorders in school-age children. It focuses on the practical application of scientific theory in an easy to read, clinically applicable format. It also includes step-by-step assessment tips, normative data, methods of test interpretation, development and implementation of management plans, and integration of central auditory information. Learning and communication profiles are also included to provide a comprehensive picture of CAPD assessment and management.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Use of Selected Assistive Products and Technologies in Eliminating or Reducing the Effects of Impairments
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Use of Selected Assistive Products and Technologies in Eliminating or Reducing the Effects of Impairments Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 503 pages File Size : 42,9 Mb Release : 2017-09-01 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309457842
The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Use of Selected Assistive Products and Technologies in Eliminating or Reducing the Effects of Impairments Pdf
The U.S. Census Bureau has reported that 56.7 million Americans had some type of disability in 2010, which represents 18.7 percent of the civilian noninstitutionalized population included in the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation. The U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) provides disability benefits through the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. As of December 2015, approximately 11 million individuals were SSDI beneficiaries, and about 8 million were SSI beneficiaries. SSA currently considers assistive devices in the nonmedical and medical areas of its program guidelines. During determinations of substantial gainful activity and income eligibility for SSI benefits, the reasonable cost of items, devices, or services applicants need to enable them to work with their impairment is subtracted from eligible earnings, even if those items or services are used for activities of daily living in addition to work. In addition, SSA considers assistive devices in its medical disability determination process and assessment of work capacity. The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation provides an analysis of selected assistive products and technologies, including wheeled and seated mobility devices, upper-extremity prostheses, and products and technologies selected by the committee that pertain to hearing and to communication and speech in adults.