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The Coconut Palm (Cocos nucifera L.) - Research and Development Perspectives by V. Krishnakumar,P. K. Thampan,M. Achuthan Nair Pdf
Since the publication of "The coconut palm - A monograph" in 1960, considerable information has been accrued on the crop through work at research institutes, international organisations and development agencies. Although coconut cultivation is spread over 93 countries, providing employment and creating livelihood opportunities to 64 million families around the globe, smallholder coconut farmers are now facing numerous challenges. The wide gap between the potential and actual yield is a major concern, and as such it is necessary to disseminate knowledge in order to implement research findings. Coconut research in India, one of the leading coconut producing countries, is celebrating its centenary, making this an opportune time to review the research and development advances and the relevant technologies. This detailed, comprehensive book covers all aspects of coconut, from the origins to cultivation, breeding, physiology and value addition, as well as subjects of topical interest like nutrition and health, biotechnology, and climate change and carbon sequestration. Written by leading experts in the fields it emphasises that the livelihood of the small coconut landholders is the ultimate aim of scientists and developmental agencies, and outlines various important strategies to make coconut farming more remunerative globally. It discusses work in all the major coconut growing countries and outlines suggestions for international cooperation. Research work on the crop is comparatively difficult because of its perennial nature, longevity, height, long juvenile phase, large sized nuts, cross pollination and seed propagation. As these special features necessitate greater investment of resources, time and land, it is all the more imperative that research is not duplicated and the information and experience becoming available around the world is shared so that it can be fully utilised. In this context periodic publications, compiling all the available information on coconut assume greater significance. This book is therefore of great value to researchers, students, extension workers, developmental agencies and progressive farmers.
The Coconut Palm (Cocos Nucifera) by Probir Kumar Ghosh Pdf
The coconut tree has an immense impact not only as a food source, but for various non-food applications as well. These include shelter, medicinal use, and preparation of value-added products. They are a valued plantation around the globe, particularly along the coast lines. Islanders are the true appreciators of this bioresource, who derive most of their requirements from coconuts. The coconut meat (kernel), water, oil, leaves all have a use. Accordingly, there are many aspects of coconuts that pertain to production cultivation and use, which are diverse.Biotechnological intervention in coconut plant cultivation includes aspects of genetic improvement of strains, in vitro propagation, rhizopher management, and coconut plant irrigation aspects. A well-planned cultivation strategy should provide opportunity to improve breed quality and production throughput. Agro-processing of coconut products is also important so that the fruits of the plant are made best use of. Sufficient knowledge of the coconut plant and its products would also provide opportunities to the local community.Importance also resides in coconut constituents, such as coconut proteins, oil, and water. Coconut products also include haustorium, inflorescence, and derived products such as coconut palm sugar (a value-added product) as well as numerous nutraceuticals. These nutritional supplements can greatly circumvent dietary deficiencies and provide salutary gains. Coconut oil also has significant medical importance besides being a cooking oil, and could be considered for dermal care, both as a cosmetic and a medical aid. In modern times, coconut could be considered as an effective source of holistic nutrients to alleviate malnutrition and disease. In fact, coconut oil is one of the richest sources of medium chain triglycerides, and lauric acid (coconut being second-richest natural source of lauric acid after breast milk). These nutrients have a significant impact in many ways.There are also numerous non-food applications of coconuts that warrant attention. In fact, coconut-based nanomaterials are a very useful source for many sectors. Coconuts are also relevant in bioremediation and in waste disposal and management. Coconuts could even be a boon in restoring fecundity of cultivable land. These aspects highlight numerous possibilities with coconuts, not only as source of food and for non-food uses, but also in environmental management. In the present time, with mounting biological/chemical waste being created, such a utility is much welcome. This book encompasses these various themes under dedicated chapters that provide readers a holistic understanding of the possibilities that exist with coconuts. These chapters should provide an insight on various important topics of interest and encourage cross-dimensional interdisciplinary research on coconuts. Possibilities with various lesser-known usage of products and cultivation techniques could also be envisaged and explored in the near future.
Coconut Biotechnology: Towards the Sustainability of the ‘Tree of Life’ by Steve Adkins,Mike Foale,Roland Bourdeix,Quang Nguyen,Julianne Biddle Pdf
Widely known as the ‘tree of life’, coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) provides a bountiful source for making a wide variety of healthy foods and industrial items. Its cultivation, however, has been encountering seriously destructive issues including lethal diseases and natural adversities which are currently distressing livelihoods of millions of small-holder farmers around the world. There is an urgent mandate to resolve these issues by meeting sustainable seedling production, facilitating genetic conservation, as well as developing disease identification and modern breeding. This book introduces improvements in coconut biotechnology by covering the advances in micropropagation, germplasm conservation, and molecular pathogenic diagnosis. This comprehensive volume will be a useful source of information and references to researchers, graduate students, agricultural developers, and scholars in the plant sciences. In order to benefit general readers, the book also covers fundamental aspects of biology, diversity, and evolution of this marvelous palm species.
Accelerated Plant Breeding, Volume 4 by Satbir Singh Gosal,Shabir Hussain Wani Pdf
Plant improvement has shifted its focus from yield, quality and disease resistance to factors that will enhance commercial export, such as early maturity, shelf life and better processing quality. Conventional plant breeding methods aiming at the improvement of a self-pollinating crop usually take 10-12 years to develop and release of the new variety. During the past 10 years, significant advances have been made and accelerated methods have been developed for precision breeding and early release of crop varieties. This book focuses on the accelerated breeding technologies that have been adopted for major oil crops. It summarizes concepts dealing with germplasm enhancement and development of improved varieties based on innovative methodologies that include doubled haploidy, marker assisted selection, marker assisted background selection, genetic mapping, genomic selection, high-throughput genotyping, high-throughput phenotyping, mutation breeding, reverse breeding, transgenic breeding, shuttle breeding, speed breeding, low cost high-throughput field phenotyping, etc. This edited volume is therefore an excellent reference on accelerated development of improved crop varieties.
The Coconut Genome by M. K. Rajesh,S. V. Ramesh,Lalith Perera,Chittaranjan Kole Pdf
This book serves as the first comprehensive compilation describing the breeding strategies and genetics and genomics of the coconut palm. It describes gene evolution of economically important traits such as oil biosynthesis, aroma and fragrance, disease-resistant genes and small RNAs-mediated gene regulation of coconut. Application of “omics” approaches in palms and the prospects of genome editing technologies in coconut are also discussed. The author list includes pioneers and experts in the field of coconut genomics. The book appeals to postgraduate students, researchers and industry players in the field of plantation crops in general and coconut in particular.
Current Advances in Coconut Biotechnology by C. Oropeza,J.L. Verdeil,G.R. Ashburner,R. Cardeña,J.M. Santamaría Pdf
The coconut palm occupies a significant place in the world economy as an important subsistence crop in all the areas in which it is grown. Relatively few countries are able to export any quantity of coconut products because of increasing home demands coupled with low productivity. Yields are generally well below potential despite recent developments with improved planting stock and agronomic practices. In the last 50 years, both these aspects have received considerable attention, but the focus is shifting to investigate how the use of recently developed biotechnological techniques- can benefit the coconut industry. This volume, the result of the International Symposium on Coconut Biotechnology (held in December 1997 in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico), describes recent research in three important areas. Standard plant breeding techniques used with coconut have produced improved planting material, but progress is inevitably very slow. Can more rapid genetic improvement be obtained using molecular techniques? The papers presented in this section suggest that such techniques will open up exciting new prospects, but only after basic information has been gathered on the genetic status of existing coconut stocks. Research using microsatellite techniques seems to provide a useful tool to help to classifying these stocks. However, only a combination of classical breeding methods with modem techniques will lead to the rapid improvement which is required to supply material for urgent replanting programs.
The Coconut Palm (Cocos Nucifera L.) - Research and Development Perspectives by V. Krishnakumar,P. K. Thampan,M. Achuthan Nair Pdf
Since the publication of "The coconut palm - A monograph" in 1960, considerable information has been accrued on the crop through work at research institutes, international organisations and development agencies. Although coconut cultivation is spread over 93 countries, providing employment and creating livelihood opportunities to 64 million families around the globe, smallholder coconut farmers are now facing numerous challenges. The wide gap between the potential and actual yield is a major concern, and as such it is necessary to disseminate knowledge in order to implement research findings. Coconut research in India, one of the leading coconut producing countries, is celebrating its centenary, making this an opportune time to review the research and development advances and the relevant technologies. This detailed, comprehensive book covers all aspects of coconut, from the origins to cultivation, breeding, physiology and value addition, as well as subjects of topical interest like nutrition and health, biotechnology, and climate change and carbon sequestration. Written by leading experts in the fields it emphasises that the livelihood of the small coconut landholders is the ultimate aim of scientists and developmental agencies, and outlines various important strategies to make coconut farming more remunerative globally. It discusses work in all the major coconut growing countries and outlines suggestions for international cooperation. Research work on the crop is comparatively difficult because of its perennial nature, longevity, height, long juvenile phase, large sized nuts, cross pollination and seed propagation. As these special features necessitate greater investment of resources, time and land, it is all the more imperative that research is not duplicated and the information and experience becoming available around the world is shared so that it can be fully utilised. In this context periodic publications, compiling all the available information on coconut assume greater significance. This book is therefore of great value to researchers, students, extension workers, developmental agencies and progressive farmers.
The Coconut: Phylogeny, Origins, and Spread comprehensively covers the botany, phylogeny, origins, and spread of the coconut palm. The coconut is used primarily for its oil, fiber, and as an article of food, including its tender-nut water. Until the 1950s, coconut oil used to rank first in the world in production and international trade among all the vegetable oils. Since then, lower-cost sources such as the African oil palm, soybean, canola, and others have overtaken the coconut in oil production and trade. The coconut, Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae), is a dominant part of the littoral vegetation across the tropics. In addition to discussing the origins of the coconut and its use as a crop, the book covers the resurgence in the use of the coconut in food, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals. Presents the phylogeny, origins, and spread of the coconut Explores the broad-based use of coconut from basic food source to nutraceuticals Provides ethnobotanical information on cultivation and use of this tropical crop
