Design With Intent 101 Patterns For Influencing Behaviour Through Design

Author : Dan Lockton
Publisher : Dan Lockton
Page : 111 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780956542113

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Design with Intent by Dan Lockton Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Dan Lockton
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0956542107

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Design with intent : 101 patterns for influencing behaviour through design by Anonim Pdf

All design influences our behaviour, but as designers we don't always consciously consider the power this gives us to help people, (and, sometimes, to manipulate them). There's a huge opportunity for design for behaviour change to address social and environmental issues where people's behaviour is important, but as yet little in the way of a guide for designers and other stakeholders, bringing together knowledge and examples from different disciplines, and drawing parallels which can allow concepts to be usefully transposed. The Design with Intent toolkit (the cards and wiki) aims to make a start, however small, on this task.

Author : Kristina Niedderer,Stephen Clune,Geke Ludden
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2017-08-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317152521

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Design for Behaviour Change by Kristina Niedderer,Stephen Clune,Geke Ludden Pdf

Design impacts every part of our lives. The design of products and services influences the way we go about our daily activities and it is hard to imagine any activity in our daily lives that is not dependent on design in some capacity. Clothing, mobile phones, computers, cars, tools and kitchenware all enable and hold in place everyday practices. Despite design’s omnipresence, the understanding of how design may facilitate desirable behaviours is still fragmented, with limited frameworks and examples of how design can effect change in professional and public contexts. This text presents an overview of current approaches dedicated to understanding how design may be used intentionally to make changes to improve a range of problematic social and environmental issues. It offers a cross-disciplinary and cross-sectoral overview of different academic theories adopted and applied to design for behaviour change. The aim of the volume is twofold: firstly, to provide an overview of existing design models that integrate theories of change from differing scientific backgrounds; secondly, to offer an overview of application of key design for behaviour change approaches as used across case studies in different sectors, such as design for health and wellbeing, sustainability, safety, design against crime and social design. Design for Behaviour Change will appeal to designers, design students and practitioners of behavioural change.

Author : Bruce Hanington,Bella Martin
Publisher : Rockport Publishers
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2019-10-22
Category : Design
ISBN : 9781631597497

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Universal Methods of Design Expanded, and Revised by Bruce Hanington,Bella Martin Pdf

This expanded and revised version of the best-selling Universal Methods of Design is a comprehensive reference that provides a thorough and critical presentation of 125 research methods, synthesis/analysis techniques, and research deliverables for human-centered design. The text and accompanying photos and graphics of this classic resource are delivered in a concise and accessible format perfect for designers, educators, and students. Information can be easily referenced and utilized by cross-disciplinary teams in nearly any design project. This new, expanded edition includes a comprehensive index for referencing. Earlier chapters have been updated to include new information on digital design and software for A/B testing, content analysis, and territory maps. The addition of 25 chapters brings fresh relevance to the text with new and innovative design methods, such as subtraction and position maps, that have emerged since the first edition. Universal Methods of Design distills each method down to its essence, in a format that helps design teams select and implement the most credible research methods suited to their design culture.

Author : Satu Miettinen,Melanie Sarantou
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2019-04-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780429663345

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Managing Complexity and Creating Innovation through Design by Satu Miettinen,Melanie Sarantou Pdf

Coping with complexities is an everyday reality for private, public and third sectors that face intricate, overlapping, obscuring and ever-changing challenges. Developments in technology and systems of value creation are driving a new need to understand, facilitate and manage complexity. The book proposes design and design research as a solution to respond to the complexities associated with the intensifying and rapid changes in societies, technological fields and environments. A four-step design process for managing complexities is introduced in the four parts of this book, spanning from design research in the field to practice-based contexts. This publication collates high-level research and the latest scholarship on this topic, while many of the case studies described herein draw on rich experiences and applications in practice. The ways designers work to overcome complexities through design, and the methods and frameworks presented in the chapters, provide critical insights and form an important scholarly contribution in this subject area.

Author : Mitsutaka Matsumoto,Yasushi Umeda,Keijiro Masui,Shinichi Fukushige
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1152 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2012-04-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400730106

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Design for Innovative Value Towards a Sustainable Society by Mitsutaka Matsumoto,Yasushi Umeda,Keijiro Masui,Shinichi Fukushige Pdf

Since the first EcoDesign International Symposium held in 1999, this symposium has led the research and practices of environmentally conscious design of products, services, manufacturing systems, supply chain, consumption, as well as economics and society. EcoDesign 2011 - the 7th International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing - was successfully held in the Japanese old capital city of Kyoto, on November 30th – December 2nd, 2011. The subtitle of EcoDesign 2011 is to “design for value innovation towards sustainable society.” During this event, presenters discussed the way to achieve both drastic environmental consciousness and value innovation in order to realise a sustainable society.

Author : Pei-Luen Patrick Rau
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 732 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-07-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030497880

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Cross-Cultural Design. User Experience of Products, Services, and Intelligent Environments by Pei-Luen Patrick Rau Pdf

This two-volume set LNCS 12192 and 12193 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Cross-Cultural Design, CCD 2020, held as part of HCI International 2020 in Copenhagen, Denmark in July 2020.The conference was held virtually due to the corona pandemic. The total of 1439 papers and 238 posters included in the 40 HCII 2020 proceedings volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 6326 submissions. The regular papers of Cross-Cultural Design CCD 2020 presented in this volume were organized in topical sections named: Cross-Cultural User Experience Design; Culture-Based Design, Cross-Cultural Behaviour and Attitude, and Cultural Facets of Interactions with Autonomous Agents and Intelligent Environments.

Author : Jediah R. Clark,Neville A. Stanton,Kirsten Revell
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2021-10-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000464597

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Human-Automation Interaction Design by Jediah R. Clark,Neville A. Stanton,Kirsten Revell Pdf

This text presents a four-step approach for applying communicative concepts to driving automation, including: scoping, piloting, designing, and testing. It further provides experimental data on how practical human-human communication strategies can be applied to interaction in automated vehicles. The book explores the role of communication and the nature of situation awareness in automated vehicles to ensure safe and usable automated vehicle operation. It covers the issue of interaction in automated vehicles by providing insight into communicative concepts, the transfer of control in human-teams, and how these concepts can be applied in automated vehicles. The theoretical framework is built on by presenting experimental findings, design workshop output and providing a demonstration of prototype generation for automated assistants that addresses a wide range of performance outcomes within human-machine interaction. Aimed at professionals, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of ergonomics, automotive engineering, transportation engineering, and human factors, this text: Discusses experimental findings on how practical human-human communication strategies can be applied to interaction in automated vehicles. Provides a four-step approach for applying communicative concepts to driving automation, including: scoping, piloting, designing and testing. Explores the role of distributed situation awareness in automated vehicles. Covers communication and system awareness in response to multiple complex road scenarios. Provides design guidelines for automation-human handover design.

Author : Giuseppe Di Bucchianico,Cliff Sungsoo Shin,Scott Shim,Shuichi Fukuda,Gianni Montagna,Cristina Carvalho
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1031 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030511944

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Advances in Industrial Design by Giuseppe Di Bucchianico,Cliff Sungsoo Shin,Scott Shim,Shuichi Fukuda,Gianni Montagna,Cristina Carvalho Pdf

This book addresses current research trends and practice in industrial design. Going beyond the traditional design focus, it explores a range of recent and emerging aspects concerning service design, human–computer interaction and user experience design, sustainable design, virtual & augmented reality, as well as inclusive/universal design, and design for all. A further focus is on apparel and fashion design: here, innovations, developments and challenges in the textile industry, including applications of material engineering, are taken into consideration. Papers on pleasurable and affective design, including studies on emotional user experience, emotional interaction design and topics related to social networks make up a major portion of the contributions included in this book, which is based on five AHFE 2020 international conferences (the AHFE 2020 Virtual Conference on Design for Inclusion, the AHFE 2020 Virtual Conference on Interdisciplinary Practice in Industrial Design, the AHFE 2020 Virtual Conference on Affective and Pleasurable Design, the AHFE 2020 Virtual Conference on Kansei Engineering, and the AHFE 2020 Virtual Conference on Human Factors for Apparel and Textile Engineering) held on July 16–20, 2020. Thanks to its multidisciplinary approach, it provides graduate students, researchers and professionals in engineering, architecture, computer and materials science with extensive information on research trends, innovative methods and best practices, and a unique bridge fostering collaborations between experts from different disciplines and sectors.

Author : Johan Blomkvist,Simon Clatworthy,Stefan Holmlid
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2023-12-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781802203301

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The Materials of Service Design by Johan Blomkvist,Simon Clatworthy,Stefan Holmlid Pdf

If Design is about forming materials, then what are the materials of Service Design? In this ground-breaking book, Johan Blomkvist, Simon Clatworthy and Stefan Holmlid explore this question by establishing a discourse around the materials of service design, discussing materials as a means to explore what service design is and could be.

Author : Craig K. Allison,James M. Fleming,Xingda Yan,Roberto Lot,Neville A. Stanton
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-22
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9781000473483

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Assisted Eco-Driving by Craig K. Allison,James M. Fleming,Xingda Yan,Roberto Lot,Neville A. Stanton Pdf

This book discusses an integrative approach combining Human Factors expertise with Automotive Engineering. It develops an in-depth case study of designing a fuel-efficient driving intervention and offers an examination of an innovative study of feed-forward eco-driving advice. Assisted Eco-Driving: A Practical Guide to the Design and Testing of an Eco-Driving Assistance System offers an examination of an innovative study of feed-forward eco-driving advice based on current vehicle and road environment status. It presents lessons, insights and utilises a documented scientific and research-led approach to designing novel speed advisory and fuel use minimisation systems suitable for combustion vehicles, hybrids and electric vehicles The audience consists of system designers and those working with interfaces and interactions, UX, human factors and ergonomics and system engineering. Automotive academics, researchers, and practitioners will also find this book of interest.

Author : Astrid Skjerven,Janne Reitan
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2017-06-26
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781351857970

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Design for a Sustainable Culture by Astrid Skjerven,Janne Reitan Pdf

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Series introduction -- Notes on contributors -- Foreword -- 1 Introduction -- PART I Contextual perspectives -- 2 Design research: contents, characteristics and possible contributions for a sustainable society -- 3 Distributed systems and cosmopolitan localism: an emerging design scenario for resilient societies -- 4 Social ecologies of flourishing: designing conditions that sustain culture -- 5 The idea of simplicity as a pathway to cultural sustainability -- PART II Environments -- 6 Housing culture, residential preferences and sustainability -- 7 Designing a sense of place -- PART III Products and cultures -- 8 The importance of culture in design for sustainable behaviour research -- 9 The social construction of child consumers: transmedia toys in light of Slavoj Žižek's notions of pleasure and enjoyment -- 10 Contemporary vernacular Inuit clothing as sustainable fashion -- 11 Fit in ready-to-wear clothing: why people dispose garments before they are worn out -- PART IV Design education for citizenship -- 12 Developing holistic understanding in design education for sustainability -- 13 Rethinking consumption culture: educating the reflective citizen -- 14 Persuasion and play: crafting a sustainable culture -- 15 Teaching cultural sensitivity at architecture schools for more sustainable buildings: lessons from reconstruction -- Index

Author : Jane Penty
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-19
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781351400848

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Product Design and Sustainability by Jane Penty Pdf

Whether it is the effects of climate change, the avalanche of electronic and plastic waste or the substandard living and working conditions of billions of our fellow global citizens, our ability to deal with unsustainability will define the twenty-first century. Given that most consumption is mediated through products and services, the critical question for designers is: How can we radically reshape these into tools for sustainable living? As a guide and reference text, Product Design and Sustainability provides design students, practitioners and educators with the breadth and depth needed to integrate the most appropriate sustainable strategies into their practice. It establishes the principles that underpin sustainability and introduces a diverse range of social, economic and environmental design responses and tools available to designers. The numerous real-world examples illustrate how these strategies play out in different product sectors and reinforce the view that sustainability is the most positive opportunity and creative challenge facing designers today. This book: delivers a comprehensive guide to the principles of sustainability and how they apply to product design that can readily be integrated into curricula and design practice reveals many of the issues specific product sectors are facing, and provides the depth and breadth needed for formulating and developing sustainable design strategies to address these issues empowers and inspires designers to engage with sustainability through its many examples and insightful interviews with practitioners is fully illustrated with over 300 photographs, graphs and diagrams and supported by chapter summaries, annotated further reading suggestions, and a glossary.

Author : Tareq Ahram, Waldemar Karwowski, Pepetto Di Bucchianico, Redha Taiar, Luca Casarotto and Pietro Costa
Publisher : AHFE Conference
Page : 976 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2023-02-22
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781958651452

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Intelligent Human Systems Integration 2023 by Tareq Ahram, Waldemar Karwowski, Pepetto Di Bucchianico, Redha Taiar, Luca Casarotto and Pietro Costa Pdf

Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2023): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems, February 22–24, 2023, Venice, Italy

Author : Doctor Gjoko Muratovski,Craig Vogel
Publisher : Intellect Books
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-22
Category : Design
ISBN : 9781789381498

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Design Discourse on Business and Industry by Doctor Gjoko Muratovski,Craig Vogel Pdf

Just as the term design has been going through change, growth and expansion of meaning, and interpretation in practice and education – the same can be said for design research. The traditional boundaries of design are dissolving and connections are being established with other fields at an exponential rate. Based on the proceedings from the IASDR 2017 Conference, Re:Research is an edited collection that showcases a curated selection of 83 papers – just over half of the works presented at the conference. With topics ranging from the introduction of design in the primary education sector to designing information for Artificial Intelligence systems, this book collection demonstrates the diverse perspectives of design and design research. Divided into seven thematic volumes, this collection maps out where the field of design research is now. Interaction Between Client and Design Consultant: The Stance of Client to Design Consultant and Its Influence on Design Process Haebin Lee, Muhammad Tufail, Myungjin Kim, KwanMyung Kim Design is essential in product development but several small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) relatively capable of manufacturing are suffered from lack of in-house design ability. For new product design, these SMEs typically employ external designers. In this client–designer interaction, designers propose design solution alternatives to their clients, which clients may accept or reject. In some cases, clients provide designers further design requirements. A study on how interactions are performed and what effects these interactions have on the results of product development is essential to determine what is needed to achieve successful collaborative relationships. Thus, this study analyzed three design development cases that were previously performed to understand how interactions work between clients and designers and its effect on the outcomes. In all cases, the design team developed designs for the clients based on their technological requirements. This study focused on the effect of client stance on the process and deliverables. Clients usually take various actions that accept or reject design solutions or give additional demands. This is because clients take initiative in decision making. Clients’ stance was divided into receptive and expressive stances. As a result, a receptive stance ensured the design capabilities of design consultants, whereas expressive stance confined design capabilities to some extent but a new design direction may be proposed based on a client’s knowledge, information and judgment. Speed Dating with Design Thinking: An Empirical Study of Managers Solving Business Problems with Design Seda McKilligan, Tejas Dhadphale, David Ringholz The concept of design thinking has received increasing attention during recent years, particularly from managers around the world. However, despite being the subject of a vast number of articles and books stating its importance, the effectiveness of this approach is unclear, as the claims about the concept are not grounded on empirical studies or evaluations. In this study, we investigated the perceptions of six design thinking methods of 21 managers in the agriculture industry as they explored employee and business-related problems and solutions using these tools in a 6-hour workshop. The results from pre and post-survey responses suggest that the managers agreed on the value design thinking could bring to their own domains and were able to articulate on how they can use them in solving problems. We conclude by proposing directions for research to further explore adaptation of design thinking for the management practice context. Product Design Briefs as Knowledge-Based Artifacts of Cross-Functional Collaboration in New Product Development Ian Parkman Contemporary research in business strategy, new product development and design management has suggested that cross-functional collaboration within team-based environments is critical to successful product development processes. However, scholars have also demonstrated that the mere presence of inter-functional structures does not necessarily lead to better outcomes. Indeed, the very differences which cause cross-disciplinary teams to result in improved design processes may also lead to friction as team members’ backgrounds, orientations and training often cause them to have different perspectives on what information is important to the product design process and to solve development-related problems. Improved understanding how to integrate information from differing functional areas is a clear emphasis of research, yet very few empirical studies have precisely defined the units of knowledge flowing through NPD projects, differences in importance of information elements by functional area or the structures which may facilitate the sharing of information within NPD. This study presents an investigation of product design briefs as knowledge-based artifacts of cross-functional collaboration within NPD. Drawing on a proprietary sample of 68 briefs analyzed through an expert rating procedure alongside survey questionnaire of 153 product development managers our results define 51 information elements commonly shared between functional areas during an NPD project. We organize these information elements as eight factors, categorize the “importance” of each element to NPD success and describe differences in evaluation from across three primary functional domains of NPD: (a) Design, (b) Marketing and (c) Engineering/ R&D/ Development. Entrepreneurial Universities Meet Their Private Partners: Toward a Better Embedding of the Outcomes of Cross-Sector Collaborations Baldini Luca, Calabretta Giulia, De Lille Christine In the past decades, universities’ involvement in socio-economic development, which goes along with their teaching and researching activities, has defined a new role for them in society’s ecosystem. This new role is often referred with the term of “entrepreneurial” university, whose objectives are positive societal, economic and environmental impacts. In order to fulfill such objectives, entrepreneurial universities might engage in cross-sector collaborations with external organizations. Despite the great contributions that cross-sector collaboration can give to the partners involved, the outcome is mostly unfocused and rarely embedded. This paper explores the outcome embedding in the cross-sector collaboration between entrepreneurial universities and the private sector. To this end, we provide the case of the collaboration between a Dutch airline company and four Dutch entrepreneurial research and teaching institutions. We aim to uncover hindering and enabling factors to the outcome embedding in order to design an interaction platform, design it together. This platform will be a tool to encourage the outcome embedding, moving from being inspired by to the actual implementation of the cross-sector collaboration. In order to fulfill this goal, this study employs a research through design methodology. This approach is a generative process, where cyclic loops of iterations and evaluations with stakeholders tend to the research goal. The solution is a digital platform, co-created with all stakeholders. This study can inspire practitioners and future research on the problem of unsuccessful cross-sector collaborations, between entrepreneurial universities and external organizations, with more emphasis on the value of embedding and translating the outcomes. Expert Opinion on the Barriers to Communicating Excellent Research in Commercially Driven Design Projects Dana Al Batlouni, Katie Beverley, Andrew Walters Effective university–industry collaboration has become a major focus for governments in recent years. Universities are increasingly expected to play a greater role in the innovation system and evidence their contribution to economic development. At the same time, the growth in research quality assessment exercises makes it imperative that the excellence of research conducted in commercially driven activities can be appropriately evaluated. This paper explores the challenge of reconciling commercially focused activity and research quality assessment in design. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 13 experts including representatives from the design discipline, other applied academic disciplines, research quality assessment leaders and commercial designers. The interviews identified a number of barriers to demonstrating research excellence in commercially driven projects. These were classified as barriers resulting from: the nature of industry/academic relationships; the nature of the project; and the nature of the research quality assessment. It is concluded that there is a need to build a simple, easily usable framework for assessing the research potential of commercially driven design projects from the outset to ensure that the appropriate processes are put in place to communicate research conducted within them. Exploring Design-Specific Factors for Building Longer Term Industry Relationships Medeirasari Putri, Mersha Aftab, Mark Bailey, Nicholas Spencer When design works with industry it tries to sell two things, first, selling design as an agent of transformation and second, selling design as a skill. Whilst historically design has been successful in the latter, it is the former that is more challenging, making it a necessity for design to work in none design contexts in order to build trust and credibility. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the ways in which design interacts with industry, and how these interactions enable design to establish longer term relationships. This investigation set out to answer the question, what design-specific characteristics are applied to establish successful longer term relationships between design and industry? The paper aims to illustrate the intrinsic factors that enable design to get access, and designers to get authority to play a significant role in organizations. Five well-established relationships between design and industry have been used to analyze to find correlations. The investigation identifies three stages of collaboration between design and industry, namely, involvement, collaboration and partnerships, contrary to Cahill’s theoretical model, which claimed four stages to long-lasting partnerships. Also, the case studies confirm three stages of trust and credibility as factors that help in strengthening a relationship between design and industry. Finally, several intrinsic factors that are unique to design have been identified, which are seen to have helped design in building high levels of trust and credibility. Collaborating Design Risk Laura Ferrarello, Ashley Hall, Mike Kann, Chang Hee Lee The “Safety Grand Challenge” is a collaborative research project between the Royal College of Art (RCA) School of Design, and the Lloyd’s Register Foundation (LRF). The maritime industry is dominated by “grandfathering” leading to a slow-pace of adopting innovations that can reduce risk and save lives at sea. We describe how impact was achieved through collaboration and design innovations that bridged the risk gap between technologies and human behaviors. Starting from the project brief we designed a collaborative platform that supported a constructive dialog between academia and partner organizations that aimed to foster innovative design approaches to risk and safety. The project generated an engaged community with diverse expertise that influenced the outcomes which included seven prototypes designed by a group of 30 students from across the RCA. Throughout the course of the project the network extended to other partners beyond the initial ones that included the RCA, LRF and Royal National Lifeboat Institution. The “Safety Grand Challenge” demonstrates how research can be an explorative platform that offers opportunities to analyze and design solutions to real-life safety problems in mature industries through the prototypes that reflect the sophistication of the project’s collaborations. Our conclusions support how design research helped identify the value of design for safety in tackling complex issues that intertwine human, environmental and commercial views and can shape new forms of collaborative research between academia and industrial partners. Understanding Passengers’ Experiences of Train Journeys to Inform the Design of Technological Innovations Luis Oliveira, Callum Bradley, Stewart Birrell, Rebecca Cain, Andy Davies, Neil Tinworth In this paper, we present results from a collaborative research between academic institutions and industry partners in the UK, which aimed to understand the experience of rail passengers and to identify how the design of technology can improve this experience. Travelling by train can often provide passengers with negative experiences. New technologies give the opportunity to design new interactions that support the creation of positive experiences, but the design should be based on solid understanding of user and their needs. We conducted in-depth, face-to-face semi-structured interviews and used additional questionnaires given to passengers on board of trains to collect the data presented on this paper. A customer journey map was produced to illustrate the passengers’ experiences at diverse touchpoints with the rail system. The positive and negative aspects of each touchpoint are plotted over the course of a “typical” journey, followed by the explanations for these ratings. Results indicate how the design of technological innovations can enhance the passenger experience, especially at the problematic touchpoints, e.g. when collecting tickets, navigating to the platform, boarding the train and finding a seat. We finalize this paper pointing toward requirements for future technological innovations to improve the passenger experience. Taxonomy of Interactions and the Design of the Airport Passenger Screening Process Levi Swann, Vesna Popovic, William Mason, Benjamin MacMahon This paper presents a case study analyzing the interactions of nine security officers during the mandatory passenger screening process at an Australian international Airport. Eye-tracking glasses were used to observe the visual, physical and verbal interactions of security officers while they performed the x-ray task. Stationary video recording devices were used to record physical and verbal interactions performed by security officers during the load, search and metal detector tasks. Six taxonomic groups were developed that define the different types of interactions performed by security officers during each task. Each taxonomic group is comprised of several discrete interactions specific to each of the tasks observed. Through analyzing the composition of interactions and the relationships between interactions in different tasks, this paper highlights the prominence of interactions that security officers perform with passengers and their belongings. These interactions play an important role in the first and last stages of the passenger screening process, as well as influence the functioning of the overall passenger screening process. Due to this, they have substantial effect on passenger experience, throughput efficiency and security efficacy. In response to these findings, we draw from emerging security technologies and persuasive design principles to present potential design solutions for optimizing the passenger screening process. These are presented in the context of a preliminary framework with which to inform the design of current and future passenger screening processes. Raising Crime Awareness through Design Thinking within a ‘High Street Retailer’ in the United Kingdom Meg Parivar, David Hands Since the 1800s, England became an industrialized country and experienced extensive urban growth, so sales associates chose this location to establish large stores. Toward the end of the nineteenth century, the aim was to create the stores to entice customers through space, impressive architecture, interior design and the elegant display of merchandise. At the same time, the display techniques were growing to promote sales. Therefore, more retail equipment manufactured and supplied for displaying products in the stores. This significant variation led the retail industry as the goods could be touched by the customers and they were not accessible only through retail assistant anymore. Since then due to this new differentiation, retailers have been experiencing a significant change in their customer’s behavior. Now the retailers are trying to give a brilliant shopping experience to their customers with more reason to increase the sale. However, there are some restrictions to this strategy that afford excellent opportunities for shoplifters and opportunist criminals. Store design can be a fantastic and efficient tool to increase sales. Also, it could significantly increase the chance of retail crime. This paper examines how to minimize criminal activity in retail environments to reduce loss prevention and retail shrinkage by raising awareness through design thinking. Therefore, interviews, observation and exploration were done based on the experience of employees and customers in “The High Street Retailer.” The research project outcome included as over, a creative retail crime learning package and a digital platform to raise awareness and improve communication. A Study on the Entrepreneurial Path of Design-Led Startups in Taiwan Fang-Wu Tung The phenomenon of design entrepreneurship has received attention in the field of design. The trend of design entrepreneurship emerges in Taiwan and becoming a new career option for designers. Entrepreneurial activities can promote economic growth through innovation and knowledge spillovers. Studies on designer entrepreneurship are warranted because it proposes the possibility of entrepreneurial innovation, contributing to industrial and economic development. A multiple case study was employed, and seven design-led startups were selected as case study subjects to explore and conclude how these firms integrate their own profession and acquire resources to construct the value chain so as to keep the company operational and profitable. According to the results, the value chain of design-led startups identified. The findings are further discussed to provide a better understanding of the entrepreneurial path of design-led startups in Taiwan. EV 3.0: A Design-Driven Integrated Innovation on Rapid Charging Model BEV Mobility Miaosen Gong, Qiao Liang, Juanfang Xu, Xiang Zhou This submission reports a design-driven integrated innovation on EV mobility, EV 3.0, as a collaboration between design research institution and a small BEV company in China. The on-going project provides a novel vision and design strategies of Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) and mobility and has achieved a key technological performance on rapid charging of BEV. The current situation of BEV Industry and their recharging patterns show a big gap of new energy mobility. Key issues of BEV and mobility are defined by analysis of users’ need of mass market and a case study of a leading BEV. Usability of charging is identified as a bottleneck of BEV industry. Hence a new vision and scenario of rapid charging are defined, leading to respective design strategies and technological routines. With a long-term investigation and iterative prototyping, an established prototype is developed and officially tested in the National Center of Supervision and Inspection on New Energy Motor Vehicle Products Quality in Shanghai. The test result indicates that the prototype has 431-km range in speed of 80km/h with only 15 minutes’ recharging, which provides a valid routine to break bottleneck of BEV industry. Design for Better Comprehension: Design Opportunities for Facilitating Consumers’ Comprehension of Really New Products (RNPs) Peiyao Cheng, Cees de Bont, Ruth Mugge Developing successful really new products (RNPs) can bring competitive advantages for companies. However, the success rate of RNPs are relatively low because consumers often feel resistant to adopt them. One reason for consumers’ resistance is their lack of comprehension of RNPs. To facilitate consumers’ comprehension, this paper conceptually discusses the opportunities related to designing the appearances of RNPs. More specifically, to facilitate consumers’ internal and external learning, this paper explores four underlying mechanisms: (1) product appearance as a visual cue to trigger category-based knowledge transfer, (2) to trigger analogy-based knowledge transfer, (3) product appearance as an information carrier to communicate innovative functionality directly, and (4) product appearance as a way to trigger congruity with innovative functionality of RNPs. The rationales for each underlying mechanism are conceptually discussed, supported with relevant empirical evidence and examples found in the markets.