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Author : Kristin Komives
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 35 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290705065
To design pro-poor conces ...
Author : Kristin Komives
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Agua - Bolivia
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
"Governments in many developing countries are looking to private concessionaires to improve water and sanitation services in low-income areas. To design pro-poor concession arrangements in the water sector, policy makers must pay careful attention to how the proposed contract and existing or proposed regulations will affect the obligations, ability, and financial incentives of the private concessionaires to serve low-income households"--T.p.
Author : Richard Franceys,Esther Gerlach
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136558887
The aim of this book is to present the potential benefits as well as the challenges of introducing a more formal economic regulatory process into the urban water sector arena in lower-income countries. There is a particular focus upon the impact this may have on the poorest, the informal, slum and shanty dwellers of the rapidly growing cities. Economic regulation, usually introduced in the context of private operation of monopoly water supply, can deliver objectivity and transparency in the price-setting process for public as well as private providers. The book describes and analyses these issues through a consideration of ten country case studies. As a starting point, the current situation for the provision of water and sanitation services for the poorest through non-regulated public providers in India and Uganda is reviewed. Comparative chapters are then presented on Ghana, Philippines, Bolivia, Jordan, Zambia and Indonesia, all with varying degrees of private sector involvement and regulation. Finally the experiences of two richer countries are considered - Chile and England, countries with the longest experience of economic regulation and the 'most privatized' suppliers. In all cases there is a focus on the very necessary role of customer involvement in price-setting and service monitoring and on the role of alternative (private) service providers.
Author : Paul Seidenstat,David Haarmeyer,Simon Hakim
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2002-07-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 047106422X
A critical and insightful look at the past, present, and future state of water and wastewater services In response to the worldwide water crisis foreseen by many experts, Reinventing Water and Wastewater Systems presents practical solutions for making drinking water more affordable and available, as well as strategies for improving water sanitation to satisfy the demands of a growing global population. Through extensive data and case histories, this book demonstrates the potential success of privatizing water delivery and wastewater treatment facilities. In addition, it provides examples of state-of-the-art techniques for achieving higher efficiencies in water infrastructure facilities through reengineering, improved technologies, and quality benchmarking. Contributed chapters are provided by leading global engineers and economists from such companies as the World Bank, Stone and Weber Consultants, the Atlantis Water Fund, and the Anglian Water Company. Coverage by these experts includes exploring regulatory frameworks, financing the water and wastewater infrastructure, reinventing public sector operations, analyzing the past and future of the global water industry, and examining the restructuring operations in selected U.S. cities. Reinventing Water and Wastewater Systems: Global Lessons for Improving Water Management is a constructive volume for civil engineers working in water and wastewater treatment, urban and regional planners, and environmental engineers, as well as government administrators overseeing infrastructure and water systems and financial institutions involved with underwriting major water improvement projects.
Author : Vivien Foster,Osvaldo Irusta
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Infrastructure (Economics)
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
From 1994 onward, Bolivia undertook a major reform of its infrastructure sectors. The authors examine the impact of the reforms from the perspective of poor households in the adjacent cities of La Paz and El Alto, particularly in terms of access to services. Different policies adopted across the infrastructure sectors led to diverging outcomes. In the water and sewerage sector, the concessionaire was placed under legal obligation to meet connection targets in low income neighborhoods, while customers were given the facility to spread payment of connection charges over a two year period and opt for a lower cost "condominial connection." As a result the rate of expansion of services increased by 70 percent relative to the pre-reform period. In the telecommunications sector, fixed and cellular services tell very different stories. On the one hand, fixed line services remained inaccessible to the poor due to the membership fee of US$1,500 charged by the cooperative, or the alternative nonmember option of paying a US$23 monthly rental fee. On the other hand, cellular coverage increased tenfold from 1996-99 as the advent of competition led to huge reductions both in connection and calling charges, while the introduction of prepayment cards greatly facilitated the control of expenditure The expansion that took place did not bypass the poor. While first quintile households saw barely any improvement in access to utility services in the period leading up to the 1994 reforms, in the five years that followed coverage rates for these households rose by more than 20 percentage points for water and sewerage, and more than 10 percentage points for electricity and telephones. Overall, 80 percent of new water and sewerage connections and 65 percent of new electricity and telephone connections went to residents in the poorest neighborhoods of La Paz and El Alto.
Author : PPIAF.
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780821361122
Annotation This informative toolkit provides options for the design of policies to facilitate the delivery of good quality water and sanitation services to the poor. It highlights the need for tariffs, investment, stakeholder consultation, and regulatory policies to address the affordability and sustainability of those services.
Author : Mohammad Heydari,Kin Keung Lai,Zhou Xiaohu
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-28
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781000465938
Public–Private Partnerships (PPP or 3Ps) allow the public sector to seek alternative funding and expertise from the private sector during procurement processes. Such partnerships, if executed with due diligence, often benefit the public immensely. Unfortunately, Public–Private Partnerships can be vulnerable to corruption. This book looks at what measures we can put in place to check corruption during procurement and what good governance strategies the public sector can adopt to improve the performance of 3Ps. The book applies mathematical models to analyze 3Ps. It uses game theory to study the interaction and dynamics between the stakeholders and suggests strategies to reduce corruption risks in various 3Ps stages. The authors explain through game theory-based simulation how governments can adopt a evaluating process at the start of each procurement to weed out undesirable private partners and why the government should take a more proactive approach. Using a methodological framework rooted in mathematical models to illustrate how we can combat institutional corruption, this book is a helpful reference for anyone interested in public policymaking and public infrastructure management.
Author : Cledan Mandri-Perrott,David Stiggers
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2013-07-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781843393207
Public sector funding and resources are often inadequate to meet increasing demands for investment and effective management, and a growing case history shows increasing involvement by the private sector in provision of infrastructure and services through PPP arrangements. The objective of this book is to determine, and make recommendations on, means of optimizing the use of Public Private Partnerships (PPP) in development of infrastructure whilst ensuring the sustainable long term provision of water and waste water services. The focus is on providing detailed recommendations on contractual issues and contract structures to achieve this objective. Public Private Partnerships in the Water Sector - Innovation and Financial Sustainability: Identifies what is needed to establish effective and sustainable water and wastewater service reform when using a PPP arrangement, and importantly how those issues can be addressed contractually. Provides specific recommendations of a comprehensive and detailed approach to contract drafting to ensure effective, sustainable and long term provision of water and wastewater services, including an approach for adaptation of public procurement procedures for PPP arrangements. Recommends a proposed approach to dealing with the influence of imperfect or unavailable data on the long term effectiveness or sustainability. This is a practical and pragmatic book in which the authors share their considerable experience on devising and implementing PPPs in the water sector. It is aimed primarily at practitioners working with developing countries but its recommendations will also be suitable for application in developed countries. It is also a useful reference for postgraduates and academics studying infrastructure development. See also: Public and Private Participation in the Water and Wastewater Sector - Developing Sustainable Legal Mechanisms, Cledan Mandri-Perrott, 2009 Private Sector Participation in Water Infrastructure, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), 2009.
Author : Philippe Marin
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2009-09-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0821379577
'Public-Private Partnerships for Urban Water Utilities: A Review of Experiences in Developing Countries' analyzes the market growth of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the developing world since 1990, and the performance of more than 65 large water PPP projects representing more than 100 million people for access, service quality, operational efficiency, and tariff levels. Although a relatively small portion of the water utilities in the developing world are operated under PPPs (about 7 percent in 2007), the urban population served by private water operators has grown every year since 1990. Despite many difficulties encountered by PPP projects and a few contract terminations, a large majority of contracts awarded since 1990 are still in place. The track record for improving service and efficiency reaffirms the value of PPPs to help turn around poorly performing water utilities, even though the level of private financing did not match initial expectations. Over time, a more realistic market has developed, the number of private investors from developing countries has grown, and contract designs have become more pragmatic concerning risk allocations between partners. The water sector has many features that set it apart from other infrastructure sectors. This book suggests the need for careful consideration of those specificities to successfully involve private operators. Although concessions with private financing have worked in a few places, contractual arrangements that combine private operation with public financing appear to be the most sustainable option in many countries. Policy makers, stakeholders, and donors need to remain heavily engaged in the water sector, especially in the poorest countries and during a global financial crisis. This book contributes to a better understanding of the various options to tackle the many challenges of providing water and sanitation services to urban populations in the developing world.
Author : Marco Schouten
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2009-12-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781439873922
The continuous growth in the demand for water supply and sanitation services has posed decision makers with the challenge to discover new, and to adapt existing, institutions. Since the last two decades, the most prominent institutional change for the water and sanitation sector is neo-liberalism. Neo-liberalism manifests itself in the water sector
Author : Tatjana Kühne
Publisher : diplom.de
Page : 74 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2003-10-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783832473402
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Public-private partnerships are a tool that is increasingly used by development agencies to improve infrastructure in developing countries. This concept is also employed in piped water provision. The failure of some major projects suggests that there is considerable risk involved when the public and private sectors combine forces. The fact that piped water provision is a natural monopoly and therefore needs extensive regulation makes the cooperation between the public and private sector very difficult. Indeed, weak regulation is the probably the most important risk factor. Other risk factors include political instability, inadequate tariff and contract design, and lack of public support. These risk factors are analyzed using four case studies, two failed ones and two that are considered relatively successful. The analysis aims to find answers to the question whether the initiative of development agencies to heavily promote the concept of public-private partnerships in water and sanitation is justified and appropriate. Einleitung: Public-private partnerships werden im verstärkten Maße von Institutionen für Entwicklungshilfe eingesetzt, um die Infrastruktur in Entwicklungsländern zu verbessern. Dieses Konzept wird unter anderem auch in der Wasserversorgung verwendet. Das Fehlschlagen von einigen wichtigen Projekten weist darauf hin, dass ein gewisses Risiko existiert, wenn der öffentliche Sektor und die Privatwirtschaft zusammen arbeiten. Der Fakt, dass Wasserversorgung ein natürliches Monopol ist und daher besonders starke Regulierung braucht, erschwert die Kooperation zwischen öffentlichen Sektor und Privatwirtschaft. Ungenügende Regulierung ist möglicherweise der wichtigste Risikofaktor. Andere Risikofaktoren sind politische Instabilität, ein schlecht gestaltetes Gebührensystem, ein ungenauer Vertrag und fehlende Unterstützung der Bevölkerung und der Regierung. Diese Faktoren werden mit Hilfe von vier Fallbespielen analysiert, zwei gescheiterten und zwei, die als relativ erfolgreich betrachtet werden. Die Analyse soll helfen Antworten auf die Frage zu finden, ob die verstärkte Förderung des Konzepts public-private partnerships in der Wasserversorgung von Seiten der Entwicklungshilfe gerechtfertigt und angebracht ist. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: 1.INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY1 2.WATER SUPPLY SHORTAGE AND THE CONSEQUENCES FOR DEVELOPMENT4 3.THEORETICAL BACKGROUND TO WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT8 3.1WATER [...]
Author : Omar O. Chisari,Antonio Estache
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Bank
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
"The structural changes that come with privatization may induce a reconsideration of the regulations defined during the early stages of privatization"--Cover.
Author : Kristin Komives,World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821363425
This book reviews the prevalence and variants of consumer subsidies found in the developing world and the effectiveness of these subsidies for the poor. It places consumer subsidies in a broader social protection framework and compares them with poverty-focused programmes in other sectors using a common metric. It concludes that the most common subsidy instruments perform poorly in comparison with most other transfer mechanisms. Alternative consumption and connection subsidy mechanisms show more promise, especially when combined with complementary non-price approaches to making utility services accessible and affordable to poor households. The many factors contributing to those outcomes are dissected, identifying those that can be controlled and used to improve performance.
Author : Jeremy Allouche
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2001-10-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780203302484
Setting the scene with a thorough introduction to water resource issues, Water Privatisation critically examines the new role played by Trans-National Corporations in managing and distributing water worldwide.Written from an organisational and institutional perspective, the authors propose new structures of water management at local, national and i
Author : Akosua Sarpong Boakye-Ansah
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000346046
Water utilities are the main instrument for countries to achieve universal service coverage. In pursuing universal service coverage, water utilities have turned to pro-poor water services to extend water services in low-income areas. This thesis discusses the use of pro-poor water services by water utilities in Kenya, with the intention of highlighting the dimensions of the approach that require attention of policy makers and practitioners when engaging with the concept. Based on the analysis of the technologies, financial and organisational arrangements associated with the pro-poor concept, this thesis shows that the use of pro-poor strategies allows water utilities to reduce the risks of servicing low-income areas while still claiming to fulfil their mandate of providing access to all in a commercially viable manner. The analysis also shows that rather than a decision of the water utility, the choice for pro-poor strategies emerges as the result of a consensus or compromise between the different actors that constitute the broader institutional environment in which water utilities operate. The thesis concludes that while pro-poor water services may serve the interests of water utilities and other stakeholders, in the absence of well-directed subsidies and proper monitoring they will not result in low-income households benefiting from more affordable and reliable access to water.