Development And Engineering Of Dopamine Neurons

Author : Jeroen Pasterkamp,Marten P. Smidt,J. Peter H. Burbach
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2009-12-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781441903228

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Development and Engineering of Dopamine Neurons by Jeroen Pasterkamp,Marten P. Smidt,J. Peter H. Burbach Pdf

Theneurotransmitter dopamine has just celebrated its 50thbirthday. The discovery of dopamine as a neuronal entity in the late 1950s and the notion that it serves in neurotransmission has been a milestone in the field of neuroscience research. This milestone marked the beginning of an era that explored the brain as an integrated collection of neuronal systems that one could distinguish on basis of neurotransm- ter identities, and importantly, in which one started to be able to pinpoint the seat of brain disease. The mesodiencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) system, previously designated as midbraindopaminergic system, has received much attention since its discovery. The initial identification of dopamine as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) and its relevance to psychiatric and neurological disorders have stimulated a plethora of neurochemical, pharmacological and genetic studies into the function of dopamine neurons and theirprojections. In the last decade, studies on gene expression and development have further increased the knowledge of this neuronal population and have unmasked a new level of complexity. The start of the molecular dissection of the mdDA system has been marked by the cloning and characterization ofNurrl and Pitx3. These transcription factors were shown to have a critical function during mdDA development. These initial studies have been followed by the identification of many other proteins, which have a crucial function in the creation of a dopamine neuron permissive region, induction of precursors, induction of terminaldifferent- tion and finally maintenance of the mdDA neuronal pool.

Author : Umberto Di Porzio,Roberto Pernas-Alonso,Carla Perrone-Capano
Publisher : Landes Bioscience
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Developmental neurobiology
ISBN : CORNELL:31924085809428

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Development of Dopaminergic Neurons by Umberto Di Porzio,Roberto Pernas-Alonso,Carla Perrone-Capano Pdf

Author : National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309045292

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Discovering the Brain by National Academy of Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Sandra Ackerman Pdf

The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Author : Paul A. Iaizzo
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 606 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128135143

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Engineering in Medicine by Paul A. Iaizzo Pdf

Engineering in Medicine: Advances and Challenges documents the historical development, cutting-edge research and future perspectives on applying engineering technology to medical and healthcare challenges. The book has 22 chapters under 5 sections: cardiovascular engineering, neuroengineering, cellular and molecular bioengineering, medical and biological imaging, and medical devices.The challenges and future perspectives of engineering in medicine are discussed, with novel methodologies that have been implemented in innovative medical device development being described.This is an ideal general resource for biomedical engineering researchers at both universities and in industry as well as for undergraduate and graduate students. Presents a broad perspective on the state-of-the-art research in applying engineering technology to medical and healthcare challenges that cover cardiovascular engineering, neuroengineering, cellular and molecular bioengineering, medical and biological imaging, and medical devices Presents the challenges and future perspectives of engineering in medicine Written by members of the University of Minnesota’s prestigious Institute of Engineering in Medicine (IEM), in collaboration with other experts around the world

Author : Anna Menini
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2009-11-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 1420071998

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The Neurobiology of Olfaction by Anna Menini Pdf

Comprehensive Overview of Advances in Olfaction The common belief is that human smell perception is much reduced compared with other mammals, so that whatever abilities are uncovered and investigated in animal research would have little significance for humans. However, new evidence from a variety of sources indicates this traditional view is likely overly simplistic. The Neurobiology of Olfaction provides a thorough analysis of the state-of-the-science in olfactory knowledge and research, reflecting the growing interest in the field. Authors from some of the most respected laboratories in the world explore various aspects of olfaction, including genetics, behavior, olfactory systems, odorant receptors, odor coding, and cortical activity. Until recently, almost all animal research in olfaction was carried out on orthonasal olfaction (inhalation). It is only in recent years, especially in human flavor research, that evidence has begun to be obtained regarding the importance of retronasal olfaction (exhalation). These studies are beginning to demonstrate that retronasal smell plays a large role to play in human behavior. Highlighting common principles among various species – including humans, insects, Xenopus laevis (African frog), and Caenorhabditis elegans (nematodes) – this highly interdisciplinary book contains chapters about the most recent discoveries in odor coding from the olfactory epithelium to cortical centers. It also covers neurogenesis in the olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb. Each subject-specific chapter is written by a top researcher in the field and provides an extensive list of reviews and original articles for students and scientists interested in further readings.

Author : Shu Q. Liu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1106 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2007-04-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470116852

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Bioregenerative Engineering by Shu Q. Liu Pdf

A unique, comprehensive reference that integrates the molecular, cellular, physiological, pathological, and engineering aspects of regenerative processes Bioregenerative engineering is an emerging discipline based on applying engineering principles and technologies to regenerative medicine. It induces, modulates, enhances, and/or controls regenerative processes by using engineering approaches to improve the restoration of the structure and function of disordered or lost molecules, cells, tissues, and organs. This reference systematically summarizes bioregenerative engineering principles, technologies, and current research to help scientists understand biological regeneration and design new therapeutic strategies. Succinct and well-organized with a detailed table of contents to help readers pinpoint information, this reference: * Provides the fundamental theory and principles of molecular, cellular, and tissue regenerative engineering concurrently with experimental approaches * Presents the foundations of bioregenerative engineering, encompassing the molecular basis, the regulatory mechanism of regeneration, and the developmental aspects * Combines molecular and cell biology with potential applications * Addresses experimental design, methods, and modeling at the molecular/cellular/tissue levels * Covers the general mechanisms and technologies of bioregenerative engineering, as well as its application to the treatment of human disorders * Discusses the engineering tests and therapies for major organ systems Presenting an in-depth introduction to the biological and engineering aspects of the field and an up-to-date overview of current research, this is a one-of-a-kind resource for scientific researchers and medical practitioners, as well as for graduate and undergraduate students in biomedical engineering, bioengineering, chemical engineering, molecular biology, and cell biology.

Author : Agustín González,Fernando Martinez-Garcia,Luis Puelles,Hans J Ten Donkelaar
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2014-10-27
Category : Brain
ISBN : 9782889193066

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Adaptive Function and Brain Evolution by Agustín González,Fernando Martinez-Garcia,Luis Puelles,Hans J Ten Donkelaar Pdf

The brain of each animal shows specific traits that reflect its phylogenetic history and its particular lifestyle. Therefore, comparing brains is not just a mere intellectual exercise, but it helps understanding how the brain allows adaptive behavioural strategies to face an ever-changing world and how this complex organ has evolved during phylogeny, giving rise to complex mental processes in humans and other animals. These questions attracted scientists since the times of Santiago Ramon y Cajal one of the founders of comparative neurobiology. In the last decade, this discipline has undergone a true revolution due to the analysis of expression patterns of morphogenetic genes in embryos of different animals. The papers of this e-book are good examples of modern comparative neurobiology, which mainly focuses on the following four Grand Questions: a) How are different brains built during ontogeny? b) What is the anatomical organization of mature brains and how can they be compared? c) How do brains work to accomplish their function of ensuring survival and, ultimately, reproductive success? d) How have brains evolved during phylogeny? The title of this e-book, Adaptive Function and Brain Evolution, stresses the importance of comparative studies to understand brain function and, the reverse, of considering brain function to properly understand brain evolution. These issues should be taken into account when using animals in the research of mental function and dysfunction, and are fundamental to understand the origins of the human mind.

Author : Anthony Atala,Robert Lanza
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 580 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2001-10-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780124366367

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Methods of Tissue Engineering by Anthony Atala,Robert Lanza Pdf

This reference book combines the tools, experimental protocols, detailed descriptions and know-how for the successful engineering of tissues and organs in one volume.

Author : Giuseppe di Giovanni,Vincenzo Di Matteo,Ennio Esposito
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2009-09-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783211926604

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Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra by Giuseppe di Giovanni,Vincenzo Di Matteo,Ennio Esposito Pdf

This book provides a unique and timely multidisciplinary synthesis of our current knowledge of the anatomy, pharmacology, physiology and pathology of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopaminergic neurons. The single chapters, written by top scientists in their fields, explore the life cycle of dopaminergic neurons from their birth to death, the cause of Parkinson's disease, the second most common and disabling condition in the elderly population. Nevertheless, the intracellular cascade of events leading to dopamine cell death is still unknown and, consequently, treatment is symptomatic rather than preventive. The mechanisms by which alterations cause neuronal death, new therapeutic approaches and the latest evidence of a possible de novo neurogenesis in the SNc are reviewed and singled out in different chapters. This book bridges basic science and clinical practice and will prepare the reader for the next few years, which will surely be eventful in terms of the progress of dopamine research.

Author : Bin Chen,Kenneth Y. Kwan
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1124 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2020-06-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128144060

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Patterning and Cell Type Specification in the Developing CNS and PNS by Bin Chen,Kenneth Y. Kwan Pdf

Patterning and Cell Type Specification in the Developing CNS and PNS, Second Edition, the latest release in the Comprehensive Developmental Neuroscience series, presents recent advances in genetic, molecular and cellular methods that have generated a massive increase in new information. The book provides a much-needed update to underscore the latest research in this rapidly evolving field, with new section editors discussing the technological advances that are enabling the pursuit of new research on brain development. This volume focuses on neural patterning and cell type specification in the developing central and peripheral nervous systems. Features leading experts in various subfields as section editors and article authors Contains articles that are peer reviewed to ensure accuracy, thoroughness and scholarship Covers mechanisms which control regional specification, regulate proliferation of neuronal progenitors, control differentiation and survival of specific neuronal subtypes, and control the development of non-neural cells

Author : Patrick R. Hof,Charles V. Mobbs
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 710 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2010-05-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0080954057

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Handbook of the Neuroscience of Aging by Patrick R. Hof,Charles V. Mobbs Pdf

A single volume of 85 articles, the Handbook of the Neurobiology of Aging is an authoritative selection of relevant chapters from the Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, the most comprehensive source of neuroscience information assembled to date (AP Oct 2008). The study of neural aging is a central topic in neuroscience, neuropsychology and gerontology. Some well-known age-related neurological diseases include Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, but even more common are problems of aging which are not due to disease but to more subtle impairments in neurobiological systems, including impairments in vision, memory loss, muscle weakening, and loss of reproductive functions, changes in body weight, and sleeplessness. As the average age of our society increases, diseases of aging become more common and conditions associated with aging need more attention by doctors and researchers. This book offers an overview of topics related to neurobiological impairments which are related to the aging brain and nervous system. Coverage ranges from animal models to human imaging, fundamentals of age-related neural changes and pathological neurodegeneration, and offers an overview of structural and functional changes at the molecular, systems, and cognitive levels. Key pathologies such as memory disorders, Alzheimer's, dementia, Down syndrome, Parkinson's, and stroke are discussed, as are cutting edge interventions such as cell replacement therapy and deep brain stimulation. There is no other current single-volume reference with such a comprehensive coverage and depth. Authors selected are the internationally renowned experts for the particular topics on which they write, and the volume is richly illustrated with over 100 color figures. A collection of articles reviewing our fundamental knowledge of neural aging, the book provides an essential, affordable reference for scientists in all areas of Neuroscience, Neuropsychology and Gerontology. * The most comprehensive source of up-to-date data on the neurobiology of aging, review articles cover: normal, sensory and cognitive aging; neuroendocrine, structural and molecular factors; and fully address both patholgy and intervention * Chapters represent an authoritative selection of relevant material from the most comprehensive source of information about neuroscience ever assembled, (Encyclopedia of Neuroscience), synthesizing information otherwise dispersed across a number of journal articles and book chapters, and saving researchers the time consuming process of finding and integrating this information themselves * Offering outstanding scholarship, each chapter is written by an expert in the topic area and over 20% of chapters feature international contributors, (representing 11 countries) * Provides more fully vetted expert knowledge than any existing work with broad appeal for the US, UK and Europe, accurately crediting the contributions to research in those regions * Fully explores various pathologies associated with the aging brain (Alzheimer's, dementia, Parkinson's, memory disorders, stroke, Down's syndrome, etc.) * Coverage of disorders and key interventions makes the volume relevant to clinicians as well as researchers * Heavily illustrated with over 100 color figures

Author : Bijo Mathew,Della Grace Thomas Parambi
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811551673

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Principles of Neurochemistry by Bijo Mathew,Della Grace Thomas Parambi Pdf

This book provides medical professionals and researchers with a comprehensive overview of fundamental concepts and recent advances in neurochemistry, and offers new perspectives for all those involved with research in related disciplines. As drug discovery for neurodegenerative diseases is one of the largest subspecialties in the field of medicine, the book addresses topics that transcend the borders between disciplines, and presents a wealth of investigations into and discussions on critical questions relevant to the entire field of CNS drug research. It summarizes the available data on the fundamentals of neurotransmitters, treatment of and advanced care for neurodegenerative diseases; and outlines current and future research directions in this field. Combining both conventional and innovative approaches to the topic, the book offers a valuable guide for readers working in medicinal chemistry, the life sciences and allied fields.

Author : Robert Lanza,Robert Langer,Joseph P. Vacanti
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1344 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2011-10-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080548849

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Principles of Tissue Engineering by Robert Lanza,Robert Langer,Joseph P. Vacanti Pdf

First published in 1997, Principles of Tissue Engineering is the widely recognized definitive resource in the field. The third edition provides a much needed update of the rapid progress that has been achieved in the field, combining the prerequisites for a general understanding of tissue growth and development, the tools and theoretical information needed to design tissues and organs, as well as a presentation by the world’s experts of what is currently known about each specific organ system. This edition includes greatly expanded focus on stem cells, including adult and embryonic stem cells and progenitor populations that may soon lead to new tissue engineering therapies for heart disease, diabetes, and a wide variety of other diseases that afflict humanity. This up-to-date coverage of stem cell biology and other emerging technologies is complemented by a series of new chapters on recent clinical experience in applying tissue engineering. The result is a comprehensive textbook that we believe will be useful to students and experts alike. New to this edition: *Includes new chapters on biomaterial-protein interactions, nanocomposite and three-dimensional scaffolds, skin substitutes, spinal cord, vision enhancement, and heart valves *Expanded coverage of adult and embryonic stem cells of the cardiovascular, hematopoietic, musculoskeletal, nervous, and other organ systems

Author : Richard Nass,Serge Przedborski
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 686 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2011-04-28
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0080559581

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Parkinson's Disease by Richard Nass,Serge Przedborski Pdf

Parkinson’s disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by the irreversible loss of dopamine neurons. Despite its high prevalence in society and many decades of research, the origin of the pathogenesis and the molecular determinants involved in the disorder has remained elusive. Confounding this issue is the lack of experimental models that completely recapitulate the disease state. The identification of a number of genes thought to play a role in the cell death, and development of both toxin and genetic models to explore the function of the genes both in unaffected and diseased cells are now providing new insights into the molecular basis of the neurodegeneration, as well as therapeutic approaches. In this reference, we will describe the advances and the advantages that various invertebrates, cell culture, rodents, and mammals provide in the identification of the molecular components and mechanisms involved in the cell death, and outline the opportunities that these systems provide in drug discovery. Comprehensive and critical assessment of the utility of various model systems to identify the molecular components and pathways involved in Parkinson’s disease Describes the power of toxin and genetic models to identify novel therapeutic targets and compounds that can be used in PD Current overviews of current status of PD research and discovery from bench-to-bedside Provides novel insights and views on where the future of PD research may lead Provides a powerful teaching tool and template to explore the utility of model systems to identify molecular pathways, molecular targets, and therapeutics that are applicable to a variety of neurological diseases

Author : Kenneth Blum
Publisher : Gardner Press
Page : 67 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1997-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0848821114

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The Reward Deficiency Syndrome by Kenneth Blum Pdf