Diseases Of Cocoa

Author : Bryan A. Bailey,Lyndel W. Meinhardt
Publisher : Springer
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016-02-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319247892

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Cacao Diseases by Bryan A. Bailey,Lyndel W. Meinhardt Pdf

This book reviews the current state of knowledge concerning cacao pathogens and methods for their management. Topics discussed include the history, biology and genetic diversity of Moniliophthora species (which cause witches’ broom and frosty pod rot) and Phytophthora species (which cause black pod rot) that cause diseases resulting in major losses to cacao production. Emerging pathogens such as Cacao swollen shoot virus and Ceratobasidium theobromae (which causes vascular streak dieback) are also discussed in detail, along with many pathogens of significant local concern. Most of these pathogens represent major risks to global cacao production should they expand into new areas, breaking out of their current limited distributions. By considering cacao diseases as a group, similarities in the available tools and techniques used in their management become apparent, as do their limitations. Gaps in our current knowledge of cacao pathogens and the management of the diseases they cause are detailed, and suggestions for future research directions are provided. This insight allows readers to consider cacao disease threats from a more comprehensive, global perspective and paves the way for an improved synergy of efforts between the various research programs, agencies, and industries, both private and public, with vested interests in cacao production, and cacao farmers.

Author : C. A. Thorold
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105036072119

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Diseases of Cocoa by C. A. Thorold Pdf

Author : Dale Walters
Publisher : University Press of Florida
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2020-12-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781683402824

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Chocolate Crisis by Dale Walters Pdf

Chocolate is the center of a massive global industry worth billions of dollars annually, yet its future in our modern world is currently under threat. In Chocolate Crisis, Dale Walters discusses the problems posed by plant diseases, pests, and climate change, looking at what these mean for the survival of the cacao tree. Walters takes readers to the origins of the cacao tree in the Amazon basin of South America, describing how ancient cultures used the beans produced by the plant, and follows the rise of chocolate as an international commodity over many centuries. He explains that most cacao is now grown on small family farms in Latin America, West Africa, and Indonesia, and that the crop is not easy to make a living from. Diseases such as frosty pod rot, witches’ broom, and swollen shoot, along with pests such as sap-sucking capsids, cocoa pod borers, and termites, cause substantial losses every year. Most alarmingly, cacao growers are beginning to experience the accelerating effects of global warming and deforestation. Projections suggest that cultivation in many of the world’s traditional cacao-growing regions might soon become impossible. Providing an up-to-date picture of the state of the cacao bean today, this book also includes a look at complex issues such as farmer poverty and child labor, and examines options for sustainable production amid a changing climate. Walters shows that the industry must tackle these problems in order to save this global cultural staple and to protect the people who make their livelihoods from producing it.

Author : Christian Cilas,Denis Despréaux
Publisher : Editions Quae
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 2876145626

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Improvement of Cocoa Tree Resistance to Phytophthora Diseases by Christian Cilas,Denis Despréaux Pdf

The main purpose of the overview presented in this book is to provide the international community with knowledge and tools that can be used to breed cocoa trees with greater resistance to Phytophthora. It covers pathogen diversity, epidemiological knowledge, the genetic parameters of resistance observed in the field, and practical breeding aspects. The relevance of different screening tests involving artificial inoculations and the use of molecular markers for the selection of resistant material are widely covered.

Author : Philip Herries Gregory
Publisher : Longman Publishing Group
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : Science
ISBN : CORNELL:31924000436729

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Phytophthora Disease of Cocoa by Philip Herries Gregory Pdf

The cocoa tree: agronomic aspects. History up to 1930 of Black Pod and other Cocoa Diseases caused by Phytophthora palmivora. Problems of experimentation with cocoa trees. Physiology of the fungus. The disease on roots...

Author : Rudgard,Maddison,Andebrhan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401121262

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Disease Management in Cocoa by Rudgard,Maddison,Andebrhan Pdf

The Monograph deals with the conception, planning, implementation, results and conclusions of the International Witches' Broom Project (IWBP), which was set up in 1985 with the aim of producing an economic management system for witches' broom disease of cocoa. The contributions of the various sponsors, and the roles played by the participating organizations and scientists are described in the introductory chapter. Chapter 2 provides a review of what was, and what was not known from published literature about the cocoa witches' broom pathosystem in 1989. The scope of the project and the approaches used are covered in Chapter 3, while Chapters 4 to 13 report on the field studies themselves in detail. The recent appearance of witches' broom in the important cocoa area of Bahia in Brazil is described in Chapter 14, before disease management recommendations are summarised and future prospects considered in the closing chapters. The many man-years of field research in the IWBP in a total of six countries generated much useful information which was analyzed both in the individual countries and collectively. Even with a document of this size, certain information and analyses with less direct relevance to disease management had to be omitted. It is expected that more detailed treatments of certain aspects will emerge in scientific papers, and further analyses will be undertaken.

Author : Bryan Alan Bailey,Lyndel W. Meinhardt
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Cacao
ISBN : 3319247883

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Cacao Diseases by Bryan Alan Bailey,Lyndel W. Meinhardt Pdf

This book reviews the current state of knowledge concerning cacao pathogens and methods for their management. Topics discussed include the history, biology and genetic diversity of Moniliophthora (which causes witches' broom and frosty pod rot) and Phytophthora species (which causes black pod rot) that cause diseases resulting in major losses to cacao production. Emerging pathogens such as Cacao swollen shoot virus and Ceratobasidium theobromae (which causes vascular streak dieback) are also discussed in detail, along with many pathogens of significant local concern. Most of these pathogens represent major risks to global cacao production should they expand into new areas, breaking out of their current limited distributions. By considering cacao diseases as a group, similarities in the available tools and techniques used in their management become apparent, as do their limitations. Gaps in our current knowledge of cacao pathogens and the management of the diseases they cause are detailed, and suggestions for future research directions are provided. This insight allows readers to consider cacao disease threats from a more comprehensive, global perspective and paves the way for an improved synergy of efforts between the various research programs, agencies, and industries, both private and public, with vested interests in cacao production, and cacao farmers.

Author : Peter J. Keane,C. A. J. Putter
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9251030391

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Cocoa Pest and Disease Management in Southeast Asia and Australasia by Peter J. Keane,C. A. J. Putter Pdf

Author : Philip Frank Entwistle
Publisher : Longman Publishing Group
Page : 828 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Science
ISBN : CORNELL:31924018229959

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Pests of Cocoa by Philip Frank Entwistle Pdf

The cocoa tree. The cocoa tree and its insect fauna. Control of cocoa insects. Pollination. Pests of cocoa in storage.

Author : G. A. R. Wood,R. A. Lass
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2008-04-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470698426

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Cocoa by G. A. R. Wood,R. A. Lass Pdf

The fourth edition of this highly regarded book has been considerably enlarged to cover all aspects of cocoa production. Higher prices for cocoa have led to much new knowledge about the plant and changes to its methods of production. These are discussed, along with new problems that have occurred and the fresh research projects that have been needed.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 2759213196

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Improvement of Cocoa Tree Resistance to Phytophthora Diseases by Anonim Pdf

Author : Herbert Wright
Publisher : Daya Books
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Cacao
ISBN : STANFORD:36105025188058

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Cocoa, Or, Theobroma Cacao by Herbert Wright Pdf

Essentially A Tropical Cultivation And Comparatively An Old One Cacao Is A Forest Plant, Capable Of Being Cultivated In Association With Other Tree Forms, Especially Those Belonging To The Leguminosae And Numerous Rubber Producing Types. Of Considerable Reference Value To Researchers, Scientists As Well As Growers, This Compendium Of Information On Cacao Spreads Itself From The History And Cultivation Practices To The Control And Management Of The Serious Diseases Of The Cacao Plants. Enriched With Tables Of Scientific Data And A Number Of Illustrations, The Text Describes The Botanical Characteristics Of Cacao Plants, Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of Cacao Soils, Chemistry Of The Cacao Tree, And The Principles And Practices Involved In Plantation, Harvesting, Fermenting Washing And Polishing Of Cacao. Available Information On Cacao Manuring And Yields And Uses Of Cacao Has Also Been Compiled. Contents: Chapter 1: Notes On The History Of Cacao, Chapter 2: Climatic Conditions In Some Cacao-Growing Countries, Chapter 3: The Botanical Characters Of Cacao Plants, Chapter 4: Varieties Of Cacao And Seed Selection, Chapter 5: The Periodicities Of Parts Of The Cacao Tree, Chapter 6: The Cultivation Of Cacao Trees, Chapter 7: Cultivation Of Cacao With Other Products, Chapter 8: General Operations On A Cacao Plantation, Chapter 9: The Harvesting And Fermenting Of Cacao, Chapter 10: Washing, Curing And Polishing Of Cacao, Chapter 11: Physical And Chemical Characters Of Cacao Soils, Chapter 12: The Chemistry Of The Cacao Tree, Chapter 13: Cacao Manures And Manuring, Chapter 14: Yields Of Cacao, Chapter 15: Diseases Of Cacao Plants, Chapter 16: Exports, Imports And Uses Of Cacao.

Author : Doreen Pendgracs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06
Category : Chocolate
ISBN : 0991890108

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Chocolatour by Doreen Pendgracs Pdf

Author : Ronald Ross Watson,Victor R. Preedy
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128144695

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Dietary Interventions in Gastrointestinal Diseases by Ronald Ross Watson,Victor R. Preedy Pdf

Dietary Interventions in Gastrointestinal Diseases: Foods, Nutrients and Dietary Supplements provides valuable insights into the agents that affect metabolism and other health-related conditions in the gastrointestinal system. It provides nutritional treatment options for those suffering from gastrointestinal diseases including Crohn’s Disease, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ulcerative Colitis and Allergies, among others. Information is presented on a variety of foods, including herbs, fruits, soy and olive oil, thus showing that changes in intake can change antioxidant and disease preventing non-nutrients and affect gastrointestinal health and/or disease promotion. This book serves as a valuable resource for biomedical researchers who focus on identifying the causes of gastrointestinal diseases and food scientists targeting health-related product development. Provides information on agents that affect metabolism and other health-related conditions in the gastrointestinal tract Explores the impact of composition, including differences based on country of origin and processing techniques to highlight compositional differences and their effect on the gastrointestinal tract Addresses the most positive results from dietary interventions using bioactive foods to impact gastrointestinal diseases, including reduction of inflammation and improved function of organs

Author : H. P. Oei-Dharma
Publisher : Brill Archive
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Pests
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Use of Pesticides and Control of Economic Pests and Diseases in Indonesia by H. P. Oei-Dharma Pdf