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Author : Paul J. Ponganis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2015-11-26
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780521765558
An up-to-date synthesis of comparative diving physiology research, illustrating the features of dive performance and its biomedical and ecological relevance.
Author : Richard John Harrison,Gerald L. Kooyman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Adaptation (Biology)
ISBN : UOM:49015000432378
Twenty First Century Science* is a suite of complementary specifications offering flexible and exciting options for science at GCSE* is unique in having been extensively trialled over three years with more than 6,000 students in each year* is motivating, stimulating, and relevant.The specifications and resources are the products of close collaboration between the University of York Science Education Group, the Nuffield Curriculum Centre, OCR, and Oxford University Press.The GCSE Science course contains nine modules:-B1 Your and your genes-B2 Keeping healthy-B3 Life on Earth-C1 Air quality-C2 Material choices-C3 Food matters-P1 The Earth in the Universe-P2 Radiation and life-P3 Radioactive materialsA comprehensive set of trialled resources is available:A Textbook at each of Foundation and Higher tiers which use engaging, up-to-date science contexts.Workbooks at each of Foundation and Higher tiers which can be used for homework and provide the student with a set of summary notes to help with revision.A Revision Guide.A Teacher and Technician Guide with lesson plans covering the whole course, including assessments, homeworks, and cover lessons, and activity sheets.An iPack CD-ROM which includes the lesson plans in interactive form, along with over 100 video and audio clips, animations, and PowerPoint presentations. Remember the CD-ROMs are eligible for e-learning credits.An eBook CD-ROM, which contains the entire content of both the Foundation and Higher Tier student textbooks.For more information, visit:www.twentyfirstcenturyscience.org
Author : Andreas Fahlman
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889191000
Breath-hold diving marine mammals are able to remain submerged for prolonged periods of time and dive to phenomenal depths while foraging. A number of physiological, biochemical and behavioral traits have been suggested that enable this life style, including the diving response, lung collapse, increased O2 stores, diving induced hypometabolism, and stroke-and-glide behavior to reduce dive metabolic cost. Since the initial studies by Scholander in the 1940‘s, when most of the physiological and biochemical traits were suggested, few have received as much study as the diving response and O2 management. The calculated aerobic dive limit (cADL) was an important concept which allowed calculation of the aerobic dive duration, and was defined as the total O2 stores divided by the rate of O2 consumption (metabolic rate). The total O2 stores have been defined for several species, and studies in both forced and freely diving animals have refined the metabolic cost of diving. Currently there appears to be little consensus about whether marine mammals perform a significant proportion of dives exceeding the cADL or not and there may be large differences between species. The diving response is a conserved physiological trait believed to arise from natural selection. The response includes diving-induced bradycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, and altered blood flow distribution. While the response results in reduced cardiac work, it is not clear whether this is required to reduce the overall metabolic rate. An alternate hypothesis is that the primary role of the diving bradycardia is to regulate the degree of hypoxia in skeletal muscle so that blood and muscle O2 stores can be used more efficiently. Scholander suggested that the respiratory anatomy of marine mammals resulted in alveolar collapse at shallow depths (lung collapse), thereby limiting gas exchange. This trait would limit uptake of N2 and thereby reduce the risk of inert gas bubble formation and decompression sickness. In his initial treatise, Scholander suggested that alveolar collapse probably made inert gas bubble formation unlikely during a single dive, but that repeated dives could result in significant accumulation that could be risky. Despite this, lung collapse has been quoted as the main adaptation by which marine mammals reduce N2 levels and inert gas bubble formation. It was surprising, therefore, when recent necropsy reports from mass stranded whales indicated DCS like symptoms. More recent studies have shown that live marine mammals appear to experience bubbles under certain circumstances. These results raise some interesting questions. For example, are marine mammals ever at risk of DCS, and if so could N2 accumulation limit dive performance? While an impressive number of studies have provided a theoretical framework that explains the mechanistic basis of the diving response, and O2 management, many questions remain, some widely-accepted ideas actually lack sufficient experimental confirmation, and a variety of marine mammal species, potentially novel models for elucidating new diving adaptations, are understudied. The aim of this Frontiers Topic is to provide a synthesis of the current knowledge about the physiological responses of marine mammals that underlie their varied dive behavior. We also include novel contributions that challenge current ideas and that probe new hypotheses, utilize new experimental approaches, and explore new model species. We show that the field has recently entered a phase of renewed discovery that is not only unraveling more secrets of the natural diving response but will drive new applications to aid human exploration of the ocean depths. We also welcome comparative analyses, especially contributions that compare marine mammals with human divers.
Author : R. J. Harrison,G. L. Kooyman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Aquatic mammals
ISBN : 0892782064
Author : Randall W. Davis
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319982809
This comprehensive book provides new insights into the morphological, metabolic, thermoregulatory, locomotory, diving, sensory, feeding, and sleep adaptations of Cetacea (whales and dolphins), Pinnipedia (seals, sea lions and walrus), Sirenia (manatees and dugongs) and sea otters for an aquatic life. Each chapter reviews the discoveries from previous studies and integrates recent research using new techniques and technology. Readers will gain an understanding of the remarkable adaptations that enable marine mammals to spend all or most of their lives at sea, often while hunting prey at depth.
Author : William F. Perrin,Bernd Würsig,J.G.M. Thewissen
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1352 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2009-02-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080919936
This thorough revision of the classic Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals brings this authoritative book right up-to-date. Articles describe every species in detail, based on the very latest taxonomy, and a host of biological, ecological and sociological aspects relating to marine mammals. The latest information on the biology, ecology, anatomy, behavior and interactions with man is provided by a cast of expert authors – all presented in such detail and clarity to support both marine mammal specialists and the serious naturalist. Fully referenced throughout and with a fresh selection of the best color photographs available, the long-awaited second edition remains at the forefront as the go-to reference on marine mammals. More than 20% NEW MATERIAL includes articles on Climate Change, Pacific White-sided Dolphins, Sociobiology, Habitat Use, Feeding Morphology and more Over 260 articles on the individual species with topics ranging from anatomy and behavior, to conservation, exploitation and the impact of global climate change on marine mammals New color illustrations show every species and document topical articles FROM THE FIRST EDITION “This book is so good...a bargain, full of riches...packed with fascinating up to date information. I recommend it unreservedly it to individuals, students, and researchers, as well as libraries." --Richard M. Laws, MARINE MAMMALS SCIENCE "...establishes a solid and satisfying foundation for current study and future exploration" --Ronald J. Shusterman, SCIENCE
Author : Michael Angelo Castellini
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Deep diving
ISBN : UCSD:31822002224111
Author : Laura Hamilton Waxman
Publisher : Lerner Publications
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 082250684X
Describes physical characteristics of dolphins, how they swim, how they breathe, what they eat, and how they raise their young.
Author : Dennis Brennecke,Katrin Knickmeier,Iwona Pawliczka,Ursula Siebert,Magnus Wahlberg
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2023-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031068362
This highly-readable Open Access textbook provides basic background information about marine mammals and anthropogenic impacts on them. The book includes inspiring exercises for education school programs in natural sciences. The book also provides advice on career paths using case studies of marine scientists and veterinarians describing their journeys from student to profession. By sharing real-life career paths, readers find answers to questions such as “What needs to be considered when choosing a career in science?” and “What kind of tasks do scientists undertake on a daily basis?” Marine mammals are amongst some of the most celebrated creatures on Earth, with their high intelligence, social and communicating skills, and capacity for deep diving. Alongside general information about marine mammals, the book aims at generating awareness of the impact of litter and noise pollution on the marine environment using marine mammals as an example. Huge numbers of marine animals, including marine mammals, die every year from entanglement in fishing gear, by ingestion of litter or because of chemical pollution. In the last decade many technological and scientific tools have been developed to aid research, for instance miniaturised sound recorders which can be attached to cetaceans and seals and record noise levels around them, their vocal production as well as their diving behaviour. This Open Access textbook can be used by undergraduate students interested in the fundamentals of marine mammal biology and medicine, and in pursuing the profession of a marine scientist.
Author : H. V. Hempleman,Antony Peter Murray Lockwood
Publisher : Hodder Education
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Deep diving
ISBN : UCSD:31822011144292
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642759000
Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology helps biologists, physiologists, and biochemists keep track of the extensive literature in the field. Providing comprehensive, integrated reviews and sound, critical, and provocative summaries, this series is a must for all active researchers in environmental and comparative physiology.
Author : Michael A. Castellini,Jo-Ann Mellish
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781482242690
Suppose you were designing a marine mammal. What would you need to think about to allow it to live in the ocean? How would you keep it warm? What would you design to allow it to dive for very long periods to extreme depths? Where would it find water to drink? How would you minimize the cost of swimming, and how would it find its prey in the deep and dark? These questions and more are examined in detail throughout this book. Marine Mammal Physiology: Requisites for Ocean Living is the first textbook focused on how marine mammals live in the sea from a physiological point of view. It explores the essential aspects of what makes a marine mammal different from terrestrial mammals, beyond just their environment. Unlike many publications and books that cover these species from almost all perspectives, this textbook takes a step back to focus on the physiological and biochemical characteristics that have allowed these mammals as a group to exploit effectively the marine environment that is so hostile to humans. The chapter topics are grouped into major themes: diving and locomotion, nutrition and energetics, reproduction, sensory systems, and environmental interactions. Each chapter is arranged around a common perspective and theme: the big picture challenge and summary and what is known specifically by order. To aid you even further, the authors include a "Toolbox" section in each chapter where they discuss the newest methods for understanding and working on the physiology of marine mammals.
Author : Richard John Harrison,Gerard L. Kooyman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Aquatic mammals
ISBN : 0892782064
Author : Joseph R. Geraci,Valerie J. Lounsbury
Publisher : National Aquarium in Baltimore
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Marine mammals
ISBN : 9780977460908
Comprehensive manual for understanding and carrying out marine mammal rescue activities for stranded seals, manatees, dolphins, whales, or sea otters.
Author : Annalisa Berta,James L. Sumich,Kit M. Kovacs
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 575 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2005-12-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080489346
Berta and Sumich have succeeded yet again in creating superior marine reading! This book is a succinct yet comprehensive text devoted to the systematics, evolution, morphology, ecology, physiology, and behavior of marine mammals. The first edition, considered the leading text in the field, is required reading for all marine biologists concerned with marine mammals. Revisions include updates of citations, expansion of nearly every chapter and full color photographs. This title continues the tradition by fully expanding and updating nearly all chapters. Comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of the biology of all marine mammals Provides a phylogenetic framework that integrates phylogeny with behavior and ecology Features chapter summaries, further readings, an appendix, glossary and an extensive bibliography Exciting new color photographs and additional distribution maps