Dna In Forensic Science

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DNA Technology in Forensic Science

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Technology in Forensic Science
DNA Technology in Forensic Science Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Technology in Forensic Science
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1992-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309045872

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DNA Technology in Forensic Science by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Technology in Forensic Science Pdf

Matching DNA samples from crime scenes and suspects is rapidly becoming a key source of evidence for use in our justice system. DNA Technology in Forensic Science offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions that are emerging as DNA typing becomes more widespread. The volume addresses key issues: Quality and reliability in DNA typing, including the introduction of new technologies, problems of standardization, and approaches to certification. DNA typing in the courtroom, including issues of population genetics, levels of understanding among judges and juries, and admissibility. Societal issues, such as privacy of DNA data, storage of samples and data, and the rights of defendants to quality testing technology. Combining this original volume with the new update-The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence-provides the complete, up-to-date picture of this highly important and visible topic. This volume offers important guidance to anyone working with this emerging law enforcement tool: policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.

The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update
The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1997-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309121941

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The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update Pdf

In 1992 the National Research Council issued DNA Technology in Forensic Science, a book that documented the state of the art in this emerging field. Recently, this volume was brought to worldwide attention in the murder trial of celebrity O. J. Simpson. The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence reports on developments in population genetics and statistics since the original volume was published. The committee comments on statements in the original book that proved controversial or that have been misapplied in the courts. This volume offers recommendations for handling DNA samples, performing calculations, and other aspects of using DNA as a forensic toolâ€"modifying some recommendations presented in the 1992 volume. The update addresses two major areas: Determination of DNA profiles. The committee considers how laboratory errors (particularly false matches) can arise, how errors might be reduced, and how to take into account the fact that the error rate can never be reduced to zero. Interpretation of a finding that the DNA profile of a suspect or victim matches the evidence DNA. The committee addresses controversies in population genetics, exploring the problems that arise from the mixture of groups and subgroups in the American population and how this substructure can be accounted for in calculating frequencies. This volume examines statistical issues in interpreting frequencies as probabilities, including adjustments when a suspect is found through a database search. The committee includes a detailed discussion of what its recommendations would mean in the courtroom, with numerous case citations. By resolving several remaining issues in the evaluation of this increasingly important area of forensic evidence, this technical update will be important to forensic scientists and population geneticistsâ€"and helpful to attorneys, judges, and others who need to understand DNA and the law. Anyone working in laboratories and in the courts or anyone studying this issue should own this book.

Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals

Jane Moira Taupin
Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals Book PDF

Author : Jane Moira Taupin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781439899106

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Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals by Jane Moira Taupin Pdf

The use of DNA profiling in forensic cases has been considered the most innovative technique in forensic science since fingerprinting, yet for those with limited scientific knowledge, understanding DNA enough to utilize it properly can be a daunting task. Introduction to Forensic DNA Evidence for Criminal Justice Professionals is designed for nonsc

Inside the Cell

Erin E Murphy
Inside the Cell Book PDF

Author : Erin E Murphy
Publisher : Hachette UK
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2015-10-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781568584706

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Inside the Cell by Erin E Murphy Pdf

Josiah Sutton was convicted of rape. He was five inches shorter and 65 pounds lighter than the suspect described by the victim, but at trial a lab analyst testified that his DNA was found at the crime scene. His case looked like many others -- arrest, swab, match, conviction. But there was just one problem -- Sutton was innocent. We think of DNA forensics as an infallible science that catches the bad guys and exonerates the innocent. But when the science goes rogue, it can lead to a gross miscarriage of justice. Erin Murphy exposes the dark side of forensic DNA testing: crime labs that receive little oversight and produce inconsistent results; prosecutors who push to test smaller and poorer-quality samples, inviting error and bias; law-enforcement officers who compile massive, unregulated, and racially skewed DNA databases; and industry lobbyists who push policies of "stop and spit." DNA testing is rightly seen as a transformative technological breakthrough, but we should be wary of placing such a powerful weapon in the hands of the same broken criminal justice system that has produced mass incarceration, privileged government interests over personal privacy, and all too often enforced the law in a biased or unjust manner. Inside the Cell exposes the truth about forensic DNA, and shows us what it will take to harness the power of genetic identification in service of accuracy and fairness.

Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation, Second Edition

John S. Buckleton,Jo-Anne Bright,Duncan Taylor
Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation Second Edition Book PDF

Author : John S. Buckleton,Jo-Anne Bright,Duncan Taylor
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781482258929

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Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation, Second Edition by John S. Buckleton,Jo-Anne Bright,Duncan Taylor Pdf

Now in its second edition, Forensic DNA Evidence Interpretation is the most comprehensive resource for DNA casework available today. Written by leaders in the fields of biology and statistics, including a contribution from Peter Gill, the father of DNA analysis, the book emphasizes the interpretation of test results and provides the necessary formulae in an easily accessible manner. This latest edition is fully updated and includes current and emerging techniques in this fast-moving field. The book begins by reviewing all pertinent biology, and then provides information on every aspect of DNA analysis. This includes modern interpretation methods and contemporary population genetic models available for estimating DNA frequencies or likelihood ratios. Following a chapter on procedures for validating databases, the text presents overviews and performance assessments of both modern sampling uncertainty methods and current paternity testing techniques, including new guidelines on paternity testing in alignment with the International Society for Forensic Genetics. Later chapters discuss the latest methods for mixture analysis, LCN (ultra trace) analysis and non-autosomal (mito, X, and Y) DNA analysis. The text concludes with an overview of procedures for disaster victim identification and information on DNA intelligence databases. Highlights of the second edition include: New information about PCR processes, heterozygote balance and back and forward stuttering New information on the interpretation of low template DNA, drop models and continuous models Additional coverage of lineage marker subpopulation effects, mixtures and combinations with autosomal markers This authoritative book provides a link among the biological, forensic, and interpretative domains of the DNA profiling field. It continues to serve as an invaluable resource that allows forensic scientists, technicians, molecular biologists and attorneys to use forensic DNA evidence to its greatest potential.

Fundamentals of Forensic DNA Typing

John M. Butler
Fundamentals of Forensic DNA Typing Book PDF

Author : John M. Butler
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 519 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2009-09-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780080961767

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Fundamentals of Forensic DNA Typing by John M. Butler Pdf

Fundamentals of Forensic DNA Typing is written with a broad viewpoint. It examines the methods of current forensic DNA typing, focusing on short tandem repeats (STRs). It encompasses current forensic DNA analysis methods, as well as biology, technology and genetic interpretation. This book reviews the methods of forensic DNA testing used in the first two decades since early 1980’s, and it offers perspectives on future trends in this field, including new genetic markers and new technologies. Furthermore, it explains the process of DNA testing from collection of samples through DNA extraction, DNA quantitation, DNA amplification, and statistical interpretation. The book also discusses DNA databases, which play an important role in law enforcement investigations. In addition, there is a discussion about ethical concerns in retaining DNA profiles and the issues involved when people use a database to search for close relatives. Students of forensic DNA analysis, forensic scientists, and members of the law enforcement and legal professions who want to know more about STR typing will find this book invaluable. Includes a glossary with over 400 terms for quick reference of unfamiliar terms as well as an acronym guide to decipher the DNA dialect Continues in the style of Forensic DNA Typing, 2e, with high-profile cases addressed in D.N.A.Boxes-- "Data, Notes & Applications" sections throughout Ancillaries include: instructor manual Web site, with tailored set of 1000+ PowerPoint slides (including figures), links to online training websites and a test bank with key

DNA In Forensic Science

James R. Robertson,A. M. Ross,L. Burgoyne
DNA In Forensic Science Book PDF

Author : James R. Robertson,A. M. Ross,L. Burgoyne
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1990-04-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780203015155

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DNA In Forensic Science by James R. Robertson,A. M. Ross,L. Burgoyne Pdf

An up-to-date treatment of DNA in forensic science, which contains an introduction to the underlying science, and lays the foundation for a discussion of the technology and methods used. It also addresses current applications of DNA techniques.; Topics covered include structure, function and variation in DNA, experimental techniques, hypervariant a

An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis, Second Edition

Norah Rudin,Keith Inman
An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis Second Edition Book PDF

Author : Norah Rudin,Keith Inman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2001-12-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 1420058509

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An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis, Second Edition by Norah Rudin,Keith Inman Pdf

Significant advances in DNA analysis techniques have surfaced since the 1997 publication of the bestselling An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis. DNA typing has become increasingly automated and miniaturized. Also, with the advent of Short Tandem Repeat (STR) technology, even the most minute sample of degraded DNA can yield a profile, providing valuable case information. However, just as the judicial system slowly and reluctantly accepted RFLP and AmpliType® PM+DQA1 typing, it is now scrutinizing the admissibility of STRs. Acknowledging STR typing as the current system of choice, An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis, Second Edition translates new and established concepts into plain English so that laypeople can gain insight into how DNA analysis works, from sample collection to interpretation of results. In response to the shift toward more efficient techniques, the authors cover the legal admissibility of STR typing, expand the chapter on DNA databases, and revise the section on automated analysis. They also present key decisions and appellate or supreme court rulings that provide precedent at the state and federal levels. Discussing forensic DNA issues from both a scientific and a legal perspective, the authors of An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis, Second Edition present the material in a manner understandable by professionals in the legal system, law enforcement, and forensic science. They cover general principles in a clear fashion and include a glossary of terms and other useful appendices for easy reference.

Forensic DNA Analysis

Jaiprakash G. Shewale,Ray H. Liu
Forensic DNA Analysis Book PDF

Author : Jaiprakash G. Shewale,Ray H. Liu
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2013-08-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781466571365

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Forensic DNA Analysis by Jaiprakash G. Shewale,Ray H. Liu Pdf

The field of forensic DNA analysis has grown immensely in the past two decades and genotyping of biological samples is now routinely performed in human identification (HID) laboratories. Application areas include paternity testing, forensic casework, family lineage studies, identification of human remains, and DNA databasing. Forensic DNA Analysis:

Forensic DNA Analysis

J. Thomas McClintock
Forensic DNA Analysis Book PDF

Author : J. Thomas McClintock
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2008-02-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781420063301

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Forensic DNA Analysis by J. Thomas McClintock Pdf

In its short but active history, the use of DNA typing has revolutionized criminal investigations. It is almost inconceivable to bring a case to trial without positive identification through what is now our most accurate means. Proficiency with the methodology, principles, and interpretation of DNA evidence is crucial for today‘s criminalist.

Handbook of DNA Forensic Applications and Interpretation

Amit Kumar,G. K. Goswami,Edwin Huffine
Handbook of DNA Forensic Applications and Interpretation Book PDF

Author : Amit Kumar,G. K. Goswami,Edwin Huffine
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2022-07-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811900433

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Handbook of DNA Forensic Applications and Interpretation by Amit Kumar,G. K. Goswami,Edwin Huffine Pdf

This handbook covers tested and proven DNA forensic testing methodologies, forensic bioinformatics techniques, case studies and current forensic legal framework for investigation of variety of crimes and provides a clinching evidence for speedy justice. DNA testing is widely used for forensic purposes and is changing the paradigm of (crime) investigation. The book contains chapters on usage of ultramodern DNA collection kits, presents era evidence collection and preservation, high-end DNA sample analysis in laboratory, DNA legislation, expert evidences, challenging and successful case studies, data generation and application of AI and IoT techniques for DNA data analysis, DNA databanks and training manpower to facilitate timely reporting to the requesting agencies. This handbook equips and enables police, investigators and crime analysis laboratories with knowhow of high-end tools, procedures and techniques to link or exclude a criminal to a crime. It is expected that this will be used by first responders, police, forensic analysts, judiciaries, evidence handlers and students and scholars of criminology and forensic sciences worldwide. The intention to write this handbook is to make DNA technology and its importance reach every common man and professional for correctly using it as a tool as and when required. This is quite evident that awareness of DNA technology has increased at a reasonable pace. Courts and investigating agencies are convinced and confident with its accuracy, reliability and unmatched peace delivered by various techniques of DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling.

An Introduction to Forensic Genetics

William Goodwin,Adrian Linacre,Sibte Hadi
An Introduction to Forensic Genetics Book PDF

Author : William Goodwin,Adrian Linacre,Sibte Hadi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2007-11-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470010259

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An Introduction to Forensic Genetics by William Goodwin,Adrian Linacre,Sibte Hadi Pdf

An Introduction to Forensic Genetics is a comprehensive introduction to this fast moving area from the collection of evidence at the scene of a crime to the presentation of that evidence in a legal context. The last few years have seen significant advances in the subject and the development and application of genetics has revolutionised forensic science. This book begins with the key concepts needed to fully appreciate the subject and moves on to examine the latest developments in the field, illustrated throughout with references to relevant casework. In addition to the technology involved in generating a DNA profile, the underlying population biology and statistical interpretation are also covered. The evaluation and presentation of DNA evidence in court is discussed as well with guidance on the evaluation process and how court reports and statements should be presented. An accessible introduction to Forensic Genetics from the collection of evidence to the presentation of that evidence in a legal context Includes case studies to enhance student understanding Includes the latest developments in the field focusing on the technology used today and that which is likely to be used in the future Accessible treatment of population biology and statistics associated with forensic evidence This book offers undergraduate students of Forensic Science an accessible approach to the subject that will have direct relevance to their courses. An Introduction to Forensic Genetics is also an invaluable resource for postgraduates and practising forensic scientists looking for a good introduction to the field.

Red Army and Society

Ellen Jones
Red Army and Society Book PDF

Author : Ellen Jones
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2021-01-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000263466

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Red Army and Society by Ellen Jones Pdf

This book, first published in 1985, is the first full-length study of the Soviet Armed Forces as a social institution. Using military manpower as a substantive focus, it identifies those characteristics that the Soviet military shared with counterparts in non-communist systems and those that were unique to the society and political culture in which it was embedded. The discussion encompasses defence policy-making as a whole and focuses on conscription policy, the characteristics of the professional military, the role of the political officer, the mechanics of political socialization within the Red Army, and the experience of ethnic minorities in the armed forces. This analysis provides a window through which we can observe the broader military system at work; how that system affects, and in turn is affected by, the economic, social and political life of the Soviet Union. It contributes to our understanding of civil-military relations in communist systems and to our knowledge of Soviet political and social trends.

Forensic DNA Biology

Kelly M. Elkins
Forensic DNA Biology Book PDF

Author : Kelly M. Elkins
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780123945853

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Forensic DNA Biology by Kelly M. Elkins Pdf

A collection of forensic DNA typing laboratory experiments designed for academic and training courses at the collegiate level.

Wildlife DNA Analysis

Adrian Linacre,Shanan Tobe
Wildlife DNA Analysis Book PDF

Author : Adrian Linacre,Shanan Tobe
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118496527

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Wildlife DNA Analysis by Adrian Linacre,Shanan Tobe Pdf

Clearly structured throughout, the introduction highlights the different types of crime where these techniques are regularly used. This chapter includes a discussion as to who performs forensic wildlife examinations, the standardisation and validation of methods, and the role of the expert witness in this type of alleged crime. This is followed by a detailed section on the science behind DNA typing including the problems in isolating DNA from trace material and subsequent genetic analysis are also covered. The book then undertakes a comprehensive review of species testing using DNA, including a step-by-step guide to sequence comparisons. A comparison of the different markers used in species testing highlights the criteria for a genetic marker. A full set of case histories illustrates the use of the different markers used. The book details the use of genetic markers to link two or more hairs/feather/leaves/needles to the same individual organism and the software used in population assignment. The problems and possibilities in isolating markers, along with the construction of allele databases are discussed in this chapter. The book concludes with evaluation and reporting of genetic evidence in wildlife forensic science illustrated by examples of witness statements.