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Author : Maximilian Röhe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2022*
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1302725181
Author : Röhe, Maximilian
Publisher : KIT Scientific Publishing
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2024-01-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783731512349
In this work, the first simulation model of oxygen depolarized cathodes (ODC), which are silver catalyst-based gas diffusion electrodes, is presented that considers the phase equilibrium of the gas-liquid interface and structure-related inhomogeneities in electrolyte distribution. By means of the model it has been identified that mass transport of water and ions in the liquid phase is a crucial factor for electrode performance and how it is influenced by the electrode structure.
Author : David Franzen
Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783736965140
Chlorine is one of the most important basic chemicals, which is used directly or indirectly in the production of around 60 % of all chemical products. The production is almost exclusively based on energy intensive electrolysis processes, with an average of 2.5 – 3.5 MWh of electrical energy required per ton of chlorine generated. This means that chlorine production alone accounts for around 3 % of the electrical energy used worldwide in industry. By using oxygen depolarized cathodes (ODC), it is possible to reduce the demand for electrical energy on an industrial scale by about 25 %. Instead of hydrogen evolution, oxygen reduction takes place. Due to the low solubility of oxygen, the electrode is designed as a gas-diffusion electrodes (GDE). These are porous silver-based electrodes with hydrophobic regions due to the use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). During operation, the liquid electrolyte penetrates the pore structure, but the PTFE prevents complete flooding of the electrode. Oxygen is supplied via a gas compartment and enters the internal structure of the electrode. A three-phase interface is formed, consisting of liquid electrolyte, gas and catalytically active solid, at which the electrochemical reaction takes place. Although the technology is already successfully used industrially, many processes, especially the electrolyte distribution, inside the GDE remain unknown. In this dissertation, the influence of PTFE is first systematically investigated. Subsequently the process is described in a pseudo-2D model supported by operando experiments. Finally, the exact penetration depth of the electrolyte is analyzed using specially designed electrodes.
Author : Schöller, Lukas
Publisher : KIT Scientific Publishing
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2024-03-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783731513407
During the production of fiber-reinforced thermosets, the resin material undergoes a reaction that can lead to damage. A two-stage polymerization reaction is modeled using molecular dynamics and evaluations of the system including a fiber surface are performed. In addition, a phase-field model for crack propagation in heterogeneous systems is derived. This model is able to predict crack growth where established models fail. Finally, the model is used to predict crack formation during curing.
Author : Supramaniam Srinivasan,Sigurd Wagner,Halina Wroblowa
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 668 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Electric batteries
ISBN : UCAL:B4342225
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1994-04
Category : Power resources
ISBN : PSU:000052606328
Author : David Franzen
Publisher : Cuvillier
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2021-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3736975147
Chlorine is one of the most important basic chemicals, which is used directly or indirectly in the production of around 60 % of all chemical products. The production is almost exclusively based on energy intensive electrolysis processes, with an average of 2.5 - 3.5 MWh of electrical energy required per ton of chlorine generated. This means that chlorine production alone accounts for around 3 % of the electrical energy used worldwide in industry. By using oxygen depolarized cathodes (ODC), it is possible to reduce the demand for electrical energy on an industrial scale by about 25 %. Instead of hydrogen evolution, oxygen reduction takes place. Due to the low solubility of oxygen, the electrode is designed as a gas-diffusion electrodes (GDE). These are porous silver-based electrodes with hydrophobic regions due to the use of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). During operation, the liquid electrolyte penetrates the pore structure, but the PTFE prevents complete flooding of the electrode. Oxygen is supplied via a gas compartment and enters the internal structure of the electrode. A three-phase interface is formed, consisting of liquid electrolyte, gas and catalytically active solid, at which the electrochemical reaction takes place. Although the technology is already successfully used industrially, many processes, especially the electrolyte distribution, inside the GDE remain unknown. In this dissertation, the influence of PTFE is first systematically investigated. Subsequently the process is described in a pseudo-2D model supported by operando experiments. Finally, the exact penetration depth of the electrolyte is analyzed using specially designed electrodes.
Author : A. A. Wragg
Publisher : IChemE
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0852954174
Materials Aspects of Electrochemical Engineering is the main theme of this symposium. It charts the way ahead for the future development and economic viability of all types of electrochemical processing.
Author : Jürgen Garche,Chris K. Dyer,Patrick T. Moseley,Zempachi Ogumi,David A. J. Rand,Bruno Scrosati
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 4532 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444527455
The Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources is a truly interdisciplinary reference for those working with batteries, fuel cells, electrolyzers, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical cells. With a focus on the environmental and economic impact of electrochemical power sources, this five-volume work consolidates coverage of the field and serves as an entry point to the literature for professionals and students alike. Covers the main types of power sources, including their operating principles, systems, materials, and applications Serves as a primary source of information for electrochemists, materials scientists, energy technologists, and engineers Incorporates nearly 350 articles, with timely coverage of such topics as environmental and sustainability considerations
Author : Pei Kang Shen
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789813360778
This book discusses systematically the theoretical research and the applications of electrochemical oxygen reduction. Oxygen reduction reaction is a common issue in electrochemistry, but is also an important process involved in the field of energy, cryogenic fuel cells, metal–air cells, oxygen sensors and hydrogen peroxide preparation. This book is divided into 6 chapters; it starts with a description of dynamic mechanisms, followed by a detailed introduction on the related experimental methods and related catalyst preparation technology. By providing the basic methods and testing techniques, and by demonstrating their applications, it helps readers gain a better understanding of oxygen reduction reactions, making it a valuable resource for the industrialization of scientific research achievements. Accordingly, the book appeals to a broad readership, particularly graduate students, those working at universities and research organizations, and industrial researchers.
Author : Christian Siegel
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2015-03-20
Category : Fuel cells
ISBN : 9783832539177
A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, employing a high temperature stable polybenzimidazole membrane electrode assembly doped with phosphoric acid, was developed and implemented using a commercially available finite element software. Three types of flow-fields were modeled and simulated. Selected simulation results at reference operating conditions were compared to the performance curves and to segmented solid-phase temperature and current density measurements. For the segmented measurements, an inhouse developed prototype cell was designed and manufactured. The segmented cell was successfully operated and the solid-phase temperature and the current density distribution were recorded, evaluated, and discussed. Sequentially scanned segmented electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed to qualitatively support the observed trends. These measurements were used to identify and determine the causes of the inhomogeneous current density distributions. An equivalent circuit model was developed, the obtained spectra were analyzed, and the model parameters discussed. This work helps to provide a better understanding of the internal behaviour of a running high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and presents valuable data for modeling and simulation. For large fuel cells and complete fuel cell stacks in particular, well designed anode and cathode inlet and outlet sections are expected to aid in achieving flatter quantities distributions and in preventing hot spots over the membrane electrode assembly area, and to develop proper start-up, shut-down, and tempering concepts.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1962
Category : Research
ISBN : UOM:39015086565986
Author : Adewale Giwa
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 525 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2024-01-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780443140068
Electrochemical Membrane Technology will have a strong impact on electrochemical and membrane separation research in the future and will contribute significantly to academic training and the well-being of human society. This book will include a comprehensive discussion of SWOT analysis of each electrochemical membrane technology, and the discussion of energy production from electrochemical membrane technologies in a separate chapter. This will be based theoretical and experimental studies on electrochemical membrane technologies and applications. Written for chemical and environmental engineers, professors and other university teachers, research scientists, graduate students, water treatment managers, research institutions, and Research and Development departments of industries involved in sustainable water treatment and coproduction of valuable products from water treatment technologies. Provides comparative analysis of energy production from electrochemical membrane technologies and a comprehensive analysis of the recent advances in these technologies Discusses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats/challenges (SWOT) of each electrochemical membrane technology Addresses the importance energy co-production
Author : ConferenceSeries
Publisher : ConferenceSeries
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2024-07-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
July 27-28, 2017 Rome, Italy Key Topics : Primary Batteries, Secondary Batteries, Theory of Batteries, Design and Technology of Batteries, Latest Developments in Batteries, Batteries in Renewable Sources, Applications of Batteries, Classification of Fuel Cells, Applications of Fuel cells, Super capacitors vs. Battery, Various Energy Materials, Hydrogen Energy, Nanotechnology in Advance Batteries,
Author : Samuel Cruz-Manzo,Paul Greenwood
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2022-06-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323914321
Electrochemical Phenomena in the Cathode Impedance Spectrum of PEM Fuel Cells: Fundamentals, Modelling, and Applications establishes how the electrochemical and diffusion mechanisms of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) are related to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements using physics-based impedance models derived from fundamental electrode and diffusion theories. The contribution of the different phenomena occurring at the different layers comprising the cathode on the impedance response of the PEMFC is revealed through EIS-modelling analysis. The relation between EIS measurements and polarisation curves representing the performance of PEMFCs is established. Insight is gained into how the EIS response of the PEMFC changes at different operating conditions e.g. relative humidity, load demand, gas reactant stoichiometry and temperature using physics-based impedance models. The application of impedance models with EIS measurements carried out in the individual cells comprising a PEMFC stack is demonstrated, while recent modelling approaches and other impedance models reported in the literature to represent the EIS response of the PEMFC are also considered and discussed. Provides further understanding of ambiguities during the interpretation of the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the PEMFC Includes impedance models written in MATLAB® for replication or application to other PEMFC-EIS measurements Includes impedance spectra of the PEMFC at different operating conditions, electro/diffusion pathways for derivation of the impedance models and flowcharts for application of the impedance models with real-world measured EIS data