Economic Diversification In Oil Exporting Arab Countries

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 41 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498345699

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Economic Diversification in Oil-Exporting Arab Countries by International Monetary Fund Pdf

countries face similar challenges to create jobs and foster more inclusive growth. The current environment of likely durable low oil prices has exacerbated these challenges. The non-oil private sector remains relatively small and, consequently, has been only a limited source of growth and employment. Because oil is an exhaustible resource, new sectors need to be developed so they can take over as the oil and gas industry dwindles. Over-reliance on oil also exacerbates macroeconomic volatility. Greater economic diversification would unlock job-creating growth, increase resilience to oil price volatility and improve prospects for future generations. Macro-economic stability and supportive regulatory and institutional frameworks are key prerequisites for economic diversification...

Author : Mr.Tim Callen,Reda Cherif,Fuad Hasanov,Mr.Amgad Hegazy,Padamja Khandelwal
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2014-12-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498303231

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Economic Diversification in the GCC by Mr.Tim Callen,Reda Cherif,Fuad Hasanov,Mr.Amgad Hegazy,Padamja Khandelwal Pdf

Abstract: The economies of the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries are heavily reliant on oil. Greater economic diversification would reduce their exposure to volatility and uncertainty in the global oil market, help create jobs in the private sector, increase productivity and sustainable growth, and help create the non-oil economy that will be needed in the future when oil revenues start to dwindle. The GCC countries have followed many of the standard policies that are usually thought to promote more diversified economies, including reforms to improve the business climate, the development of domestic infrastructure, financial deepening, and improvements in education. Nevertheless, success to date has been limited. This paper argues that increased diversification will require realigning incentives for firms and workers in the economies—fixing these incentives is the “missing link” in the GCC countries’ diversification strategies. At present, producing non-tradables is less risky and more profitable for firms as they can benefit from the easy availability of low-wage foreign labor and the rapid growth in government spending, while the continued availability of high-paying and secure public sector jobs discourages nationals from pursuing entrepreneurship and private sector employment. Measures to begin to address these incentive issues could include limiting and reorienting government spending, strengthening private sector competition, providing guarantees and financial support for those firms engaged in export activity, and implementing labor market reforms to make nationals more competitive for private sector employment.

Author : Atif Kubursi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2015-05-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317592952

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Oil, Industrialization & Development in the Arab Gulf States (RLE Economy of Middle East) by Atif Kubursi Pdf

Were oil supplies everlasting and the demand for oil strong and continuous, economic diversification in the Gulf would be pointless. However oil reserves are finite and non-renewable and the world demand for oil from the Gulf region is simply not stable. Collectively the countries of the Gulf face the striking prospect that unless priorities and plans are set with care the gestation period of their economic development may be longer than the expected life of their hydrocarbon resources. This book examines just that threat. It considers the opportunities available to the Gulf states for accumulating sufficient productive capital in the non-oil sectors of their economy to offset the drawing down of oil reserves. The book pays particular attention to the possibilities of development through cooperation not only within the Gulf Cooperation Council but also within the larger Arab region and the Third World as a whole. It concludes with a critical review of the main challenges that these economies are facing and are likely to face in the near future with special emphasis on their major problems and failures. First published in 1984.

Author : M.S. El Azhary
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2023-05-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000944563

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The Impact of Oil Revenues on Arab Gulf Development by M.S. El Azhary Pdf

As the price of oil fell in the eighties the pressures on the Arab Gulf States to speed up the diversification of their economies into non-oil sectors increased. This book, first published in 1984, examines this problem and many other issues connected with the impact of oil revenues on development in the Gulf States. It considers changing oil production policies and developments in other sectors of the economy including agriculture, industry and banking. It explores population problems, moves towards Gulf economic coordination and the impact of oil on society, culture and education. This book provides an assessment of just how much the region depends on oil for its economic prosperity and development and some indication of the enormous problems that would face the region should the demand for oil decease still further.

Author : Zuhayr Mikdashi
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2023-10-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000966626

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The Community of Oil Exporting Countries by Zuhayr Mikdashi Pdf

The Community of Oil Exporting Countries (1972) looks at the oil producing countries of the developing world and their economic reliance on oil. This reliance comes with an unwillingness to leave their economic fate to the vagaries of competition, leading to co-operative schemes that protect them from trade receipt fluctuations. This book is a close reading of the situation, and the resulting co-operative efforts.

Author : Reda Cherif
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484317426

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Breaking the Oil Spell by Reda Cherif Pdf

The “Gulf Falcons”—the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council—have high living standards as a result of large income flows from oil. The decline of oil prices between summer 2014 and fall 2015 underscores the urgency for the Gulf Falcons to diversify away from their current heavy reliance on oil exports. This book discusses attempts at diversification in the Middle East and North Africa and the complex choices policymakers face. It brings together the views of academics and policymakers to offer practical advice for future efforts to increase productivity growth.

Author : Giacomo Luciani
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-03-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317236276

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The Oil Companies and the Arab World by Giacomo Luciani Pdf

For many years, vertical integration characterized the international oil industry, with the same company controlling the entire process from crude exploration and production to the retailing. This structure was radically transformed in the 1970s and this book, originally published in 1984, examines whether the dis-integration which resulted was a long-term trend or a temporary phase. It examines the attitude of the major international oil companies, discusses the policies adopted by oil producing and oil importing countries, and the limits of ‘government to government’ deals underlined. The political and strategic implications of re-integration are explored, and relations between oil exporters and importers, and between the USA, Europe and the Arab world discussed.

Author : Yusuf A. Sayigh
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-05-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317593874

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Arab Oil Policies in the 1970s (RLE Economy of Middle East) by Yusuf A. Sayigh Pdf

Until 1973 few people, either in the advanced, industrial countries or in the developing countries of the Third World, thought seriously on the issues and complexities involved in the production and marketing of the oil on which they relied. It was only with the sudden steep increases in oil prices that the oil industry became a matter of general discussion, and the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) became a front page topic for analysis and comment. However, real understanding of the organisation and its policies did not accompany this rush of interest and much confusion has followed. In particular, the Arab exporters have received the weight of the criticism although they have only a share in the market and not a monopoly. This book attempts to instil a greater mutual understanding between oil exporters and importers, although it is not a wholesale endorsement of Arab policies, by outlining the major policy areas in this field. It looks at new policy options and their implications in exploration, marketing and pricing and at downstream operations such as the petrochemical and gas industries. In conclusion, this study identifies the wide-ranging opportunities that the new oil policies have opened up for the Arab countries, in the national, regional and international context, and assesses and clarifies the responsibilities which accompany this success. First published in 1983.

Author : Ashraf Mishrif,Yousuf Al Balushi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2017-12-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789811057830

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Economic Diversification in the Gulf Region, Volume I by Ashraf Mishrif,Yousuf Al Balushi Pdf

This volume focuses on the role of the private sector in diversifying the economics of Gulf countries in the post-petrodollar era, when fluctuating and declining oil prices are negatively impacting national expenditures. It explores current policies of countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council and their efforts to shift their economies away from heavy dependence on hydrocarbons. The structural changes will create favorable conditions for the private sector to flourish, shift production dependence from public to private sector, and allow for more efficient resource allocation. Such changes will also allow local banks to provide financial support to small and medium enterprises, boost entrepreneurship for job creation, and strengthen organizational structure and efficiency. This is the first volume in Economic Diversification in the Gulf Region.

Author : Fehmy Saddy
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1983-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1412817412

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Arab-Latin American Relations by Fehmy Saddy Pdf

Author : Giacomo Luciani,Tom Moerenhout
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789811557286

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When Can Oil Economies Be Deemed Sustainable? by Giacomo Luciani,Tom Moerenhout Pdf

This open access book questions the stereotype depicting all Gulf (GCC) economies as not sustainable, and starts a critical discussion of what these economies and polities should do to guarantee themselves a relatively stable future. Volatile international oil markets and the acceleration of the energy transition has challenged the notion that oil revenues are sufficient to sustain oil economies in the near to medium term. But what is the meaning of economic sustainability? The book discusses the multiple dimensions of the concept: economic diversification, continuing value of resources, taxation and fiscal development, labor market sustainability, sustainable income distribution, environmental sustainability, political order (democracy or authoritarianism) and sustainability, regional integration. The overarching message in this book is that we should move on from the simplistic branding of the Gulf economies as unsustainable and tackle the details of which adaptations they might need to undertake.

Author : Jahangir Amuzegar
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Economic development
ISBN : UOM:39015028526732

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Oil Exporters' Economic Development in an Interdependent World by Jahangir Amuzegar Pdf

Author : Annika Kropf
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
ISBN : 394092458X

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Oil Export Economies by Annika Kropf Pdf

Despite their commonalities, the Arab Gulf States have started economic diversification from different settings and against different political backgrounds. This book applies a multi-method approach including Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to highlight their heterogeneous economic development trajectories and to compare them to other major oil exporters. From a political economy perspective, it demonstrates how neoclassical economic theory fails to grasp the underlying mechanisms of their development. The research design of this study is tailored to small and medium-sized samples with special characteristics. As such, it offers new opportunities for comparative studies not only of this region but also of other specific samples of countries from a wider perspective of heterodox economics.

Author : Zuhayr Mikdashi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCAL:$B172184

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The Community of Oil Exporting Countries by Zuhayr Mikdashi Pdf

Author : Ibrahim Elbadawi,Hoda Selim
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 497 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107141728

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Understanding and Avoiding the Oil Curse in Resource-rich Arab by Ibrahim Elbadawi,Hoda Selim Pdf

A variety of perspectives from leading economists provides fresh insight into how Arab countries may best exploit their oil revenues.