Economic Lessons From China S Forty Years Of Reform And Opening Up

Author : David Daokui Li
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2021-03-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789813345201

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Economic Lessons from China’s Forty Years of Reform and Opening-up by David Daokui Li Pdf

This book first shows that the past 40 years of China's economic reform and opening up represents the greatest magnitude of economic growth in history. Based on field trips, extensive and intensive interviews and literature surveys, this book argues that there are five general lessons for a rapid growing economy from China's economic reform and opening up, all in the area of the relationship between the government and the economy. First, the local governments need to be incentivized to help rapid entry and development of enterprises. Second, local governments need to be incentivized to help rapid land conversion from agricultural to non-agricultural. Third, financial deepening is vital; that is, inducing households to hold more and more financial assets in local currency. Financial deepening is essential to convert savings into investments. This requires financial stability, which is crucial. Fourth, the learning through opening up is the key to endogenous economic growth. The fundamental benefit of opening up is learning rather than enjoying comparative advantage. The fifth and final lesson from China is that the central government must proactively manage the macroeconomy. The rationale is that enterprises compete with each other in games of industrial organization. In order to resolve this problem, proactive measures including market-oriented means, administrative orders and reform measures should be implemented. Overall, the main lesson from China's past 40 years of reform and opening up is that proper incentives and behavior of the government, local and central, are important for economic growth. China has been conducting reforms in this regard and as a result, the government more or less has been playing the role of a "helping hand" regarding economic growth, although China's economic system is far from perfect and many reforms are still needed.

Author : David Daokui Li
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9813345217

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Economic Lessons from China's Forty Years of Reform and Opening-up by David Daokui Li Pdf

This book first shows that the past 40 years of China's economic reform and opening up represents the greatest magnitude of economic growth in history. Based on field trips, extensive and intensive interviews and literature surveys, this book argues that there are five general lessons for a rapid growing economy from China's economic reform and opening up, all in the area of the relationship between the government and the economy. First, the local governments need to be incentivized to help rapid entry and development of enterprises. Second, local governments need to be incentivized to help rapid land conversion from agricultural to non-agricultural. Third, financial deepening is vital; that is, inducing households to hold more and more financial assets in local currency. Financial deepening is essential to convert savings into investments. This requires financial stability, which is crucial. Fourth, the learning through opening up is the key to endogenous economic growth. The fundamental benefit of opening up is learning rather than enjoying comparative advantage. The fifth and final lesson from China is that the central government must proactively manage the macroeconomy. The rationale is that enterprises compete with each other in games of industrial organization. In order to resolve this problem, proactive measures including market-oriented means, administrative orders and reform measures should be implemented. Overall, the main lesson from China's past 40 years of reform and opening up is that proper incentives and behavior of the government, local and central, are important for economic growth. China has been conducting reforms in this regard and as a result, the government more or less has been playing the role of a "helping hand" regarding economic growth, although China's economic system is far from perfect and many reforms are still needed.

Author : Ross Garnaut,Ligang Song,Cai Fang
Publisher : ANU Press
Page : 709 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2018-07-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781760462253

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China’s 40 Years of Reform and Development: 1978–2018 by Ross Garnaut,Ligang Song,Cai Fang Pdf

The year 2018 marks 40 years of reform and development in China (1978–2018). This commemorative book assembles some of the world’s most prominent scholars on the Chinese economy to reflect on what has been achieved as a result of the economic reform programs, and to draw out the key lessons that have been learned by the model of growth and development in China over the preceding four decades. This book explores what has happened in the transformation of the Chinese economy in the past 40 years for China itself, as well as for the rest of the world, and discusses the implications of what will happen next in the context of China’s new reform agenda. Focusing on the long-term development strategy amid various old and new challenges that face the economy, this book sets the scene for what the world can expect in China’s fifth decade of reform and development. A key feature of this book is its comprehensive coverage of the key issues involved in China’s economic reform and development. Included are discussions of China’s 40 years of reform and development in a global perspective; the political economy of economic transformation; the progress of marketisation and changes in market-compatible institutions; the reform program for state-owned enterprises; the financial sector and fiscal system reform, and its foreign exchange system reform; the progress and challenges in economic rebalancing; and the continuing process of China’s global integration. This book further documents and analyses the development experiences including China’s large scale of migration and urbanisation, the demographic structural changes, the private sector development, income distribution, land reform and regional development, agricultural development, and energy and climate change policies.

Author : Fang Cai
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1003015727

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Perceiving Truth and Ceasing Doubts by Fang Cai Pdf

"China has experienced tremendous developmental success since its reform and opening up policy in 1978. What have contributed to China's high-speed economic growth? What lessons can be learnt from China's successful case? What might be the challenges that China would face on its path to a high-income country? These are some critical questions this book addresses. Based on the facts and economic logic, this book briefly narrates the history of China's successful development in the past 40 years and explains why the China's reform and opening-up has boosted the high-speed growth of its economy. Recognizing the change in the stage of economic development, the author reveals the emerging challenges facing China when transitioning from middle-income country to high-income country. He proposes that the country should transit from the demographic dividend to reform dividend to sustain the long-term development. With its scholarly analysis and plain language, this book would not only attract scholars and students in economics and China studies, but also readers interested in the development of Chinese economy"--

Author : Jacques deLisle,Avery Goldstein
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2019-09-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815737261

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To Get Rich Is Glorious by Jacques deLisle,Avery Goldstein Pdf

" In 1978, China launched economic reforms that have resulted in one of history’s most dramatic national transformations. The reforms removed bureaucratic obstacles to economic growth and tapped China’s immense reserves of labor and entrepreneurial talent to unleash unparalleled economic growth in the country. In the four decades since, China has become the world’s second-largest economy after the United States, and a leading force in international trade and investment. As the contributors to this volume show, China also faces daunting challenges in sustaining growth, continuing its economic ransformation, addressing the adverse consequences of economic success, and dealing with mounting suspicion from the United States and other trade and investment partners. China also confronts risks stemming from the project to expand its influence across the globe through infrastructure investments and other projects under the Belt and Road Initiative. At the same time, China’s current leader, Xi Jinping, appears determined to make his own lasting mark on the country and on China’s use of its economic clout to shape the world around it. "

Author : Nicholas R. Lardy
Publisher : Peterson Institute for International Economics
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780881327380

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The State Strikes Back by Nicholas R. Lardy Pdf

China's extraordinarily rapid economic growth since 1978, driven by market-oriented reforms, has set world records and continued unabated, despite predictions of an inevitable slowdown. In The State Strikes Back: The End of Economic Reform in China?, renowned China scholar Nicholas R. Lardy argues that China's future growth prospects could be equally bright but are shadowed by the specter of resurgent state dominance, which has begun to diminish the vital role of the market and private firms in China's economy. Lardy's book arrives in timely fashion as a sequel to his pathbreaking Markets over Mao: The Rise of Private Business in China, published by PIIE in 2014. This book mobilizes new data to trace how President Xi Jinping has consistently championed state-owned or controlled enterprises, encouraging local political leaders and financial institutions to prop up ailing, underperforming companies that are a drag on China's potential. As with his previous book, Lardy's perspective departs from conventional wisdom, especially in its contention that China could achieve a high growth rate for the next two decades—if it reverses course and returns to the path of market-oriented reforms.

Author : Xinli Zheng
Publisher : Springer
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811327278

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China’s 40 Years of Economic Reform and Development by Xinli Zheng Pdf

This book aims to explain the secret to China’s rapid growth over the last 40 years from the viewpoint of a firsthand witness. Zheng Xinli was enrolled as a graduate student of economics 40 years ago, at a time when very few Chinese people could enroll in higher-level education, let alone graduate school. Since 1978, he has been engaged in the study of macroeconomic theory and economic policy. He has worked with the economic group of the Research Section of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Information Center, and the Policy Research Office of the State Planning Commission, as well as other organizations. His work serves to help Chinese leaders in making economic decisions. In 2013, Zheng Xinli appeared on the list of China’s Top Ten Economists. With the addition of several up-to-date articles, this book is mainly a condensed version of a 16-volume collection of essays selected from among the more-than-500 articles published by Zheng between 1981 and 2016. Addressing some of the major issues in China, namely, Reform and Development, Development Patterns, Macro Regulation, Balanced Urban and Rural Development, Innovation, and Industry Revitalization, the book, as Zheng himself puts it, visualizes the birth process of different policies and measures which have catered to the different stages of reform. As an insider, and also partly as a designer and architect, Zheng Xinli provides readers with a view of China’s reform from the top.

Author : Jacques deLisle,Avery Goldstein
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2019-09-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815737261

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To Get Rich Is Glorious by Jacques deLisle,Avery Goldstein Pdf

" In 1978, China launched economic reforms that have resulted in one of history’s most dramatic national transformations. The reforms removed bureaucratic obstacles to economic growth and tapped China’s immense reserves of labor and entrepreneurial talent to unleash unparalleled economic growth in the country. In the four decades since, China has become the world’s second-largest economy after the United States, and a leading force in international trade and investment. As the contributors to this volume show, China also faces daunting challenges in sustaining growth, continuing its economic ransformation, addressing the adverse consequences of economic success, and dealing with mounting suspicion from the United States and other trade and investment partners. China also confronts risks stemming from the project to expand its influence across the globe through infrastructure investments and other projects under the Belt and Road Initiative. At the same time, China’s current leader, Xi Jinping, appears determined to make his own lasting mark on the country and on China’s use of its economic clout to shape the world around it. "

Author : Cai Fang
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000466201

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China’s New Normal, Supply-side, and Structural Reform by Cai Fang Pdf

China’s continuous, rapid economic growth since the Reform and Opening up of the country in the early 1980s has been praised as a miracle of the world economy. However, since 2012, the rate of growth has slowed down, rendering some people pessimistic about the country’s economic prospects. This title is a collection of a leading Chinese economists’ views on China’s economic growth and structural reform. The author argues that China’s economy has entered “the new normal”, meaning that slowed growth rate is not a cyclical phenomenon but a change in the stage of economic development. Therefore, there is a need to enact supply-side structural reforms, such as improved efficiency of resource reallocation, while shifting the mode of development from one of inputs to innovation. In addition, the author discusses the five major concepts of development proposed for the “13th Five-Year Plan”, as well as some critical topics related to supply-side structural reform, such as agricultural development, labor employment, and product quality. Scholars and students of macroeconomics, development economics, and the Chinese economy will find this book to be essential reading.

Author : Chaoyang Wang
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2022-12-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789811662140

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40 Years of Reform and Opening-up by Chaoyang Wang Pdf

This book consists of studies on China’s economic development since China carried out the reform and opening-up strategy, including China’s economic restructuring, economic operational mechanism, socialist market economy, inflation, the reform of the urban housing system, the economic impact of WTO entry, the future potential growth rate, global economic governance, structural fiscal and taxation reforms, the rapid growth of China’s financial industry, and more. These studies explores China’s successful experience of economic growth in the past and will shed some light on China’s economic development in the future, providing value to economists and Chinese scholars.

Author : Chaoyang Wang
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9811662150

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40 Years of Reform and Opening-up by Chaoyang Wang Pdf

This book consists of studies on China's economic development since China carried out the reform and opening-up strategy, including China's economic restructuring, economic operational mechanism, socialist market economy, inflation, the reform of the urban housing system, the economic impact of WTO entry, the future potential growth rate, global economic governance, structural fiscal and taxation reforms, the rapid growth of China's financial industry, and more. These studies explores China's successful experience of economic growth in the past and will shed some light on China's economic development in the future, providing value to economists and Chinese scholars. Chaoyang Wang is a research fellow from Chinese Academy of Social Science (CASS), he used to be the editorial director of Finance and Trade Economics, an academic journal sponsored by National Academy of Economic Strategy, CASS. His major research interests include financial reform, financial services industry, financial centers, and the service economy.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814466486

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China's Reform in Global Perspective by Anonim Pdf

Author : Ross Garnaut,Ligang Song
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : China
ISBN : 1922144452

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China by Ross Garnaut,Ligang Song Pdf

Nine papers by various authors discussing aspects of economic reform in China over a 20 year period.

Author : Fang Cai
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1375553681

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Perceiving Truth and Ceasing Doubts by Fang Cai Pdf

China's reform, opening up and resultant economic growth in the past 40 years have led to the accumulation of an immense array of experiences, which economists are obligated to look into, analyze and theorize upon. In fact, the rich literature in this area has positively assessed and documented China's successful experiences. However, theories that were established in Western countries have been applied as doctrine to judge China's experiences. By adopting an analytical framework unifying historical logic and theoretical logic, the purpose of this paper is to reveal the unique Chinese experience and its relevance to the general laws of economic development. Based on the experiences of and in reference to research findings about China, this paper chronicles the process of reform, opening up and economic growth, and analyzes the nexus between them. The study demystifies how the incentive mechanism, the factor accumulation and allocation system, market development, and macro policy environment reforms have spurred China's economic growth, structural changes and the increase in productivity. The changes in development stage are examined and policy implications for further reform are discussed.

Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-17
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1976466954

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China's Economic Rise by Congressional Research Service Pdf

Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves.The global economic crisis that began in 2008 greatly affected China's economy. China's exports, imports, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows declined, GDP growth slowed, and millions of Chinese workers reportedly lost their jobs. The Chinese government responded by implementing a $586 billion economic stimulus package and loosening monetary policies to increase bank lending. Such policies enabled China to effectively weather the effects of the sharp global fall in demand for Chinese products, but may have contributed to overcapacity in several industries and increased debt by Chinese firms and local government. China's economy has slowed in recent years. Real GDP growth has slowed in each of the past six years, dropping from 10.6% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2016, and is projected to slow to 5.7% by 2022.The Chinese government has attempted to steer the economy to a "new normal" of slower, but more stable and sustainable, economic growth. Yet, concerns have deepened in recent years over the health of the Chinese economy. On August 11, 2015, the Chinese government announced that the daily reference rate of the renminbi (RMB) would become more "market-oriented." Over the next three days, the RMB depreciated against the dollar and led to charges that China's goal was to boost exports to help stimulate the economy (which some suspect is in worse shape than indicated by official Chinese economic statistics). Concerns over the state of the Chinese economy appear to have often contributed to volatility in global stock indexes in recent years.The ability of China to maintain a rapidly growing economy in the long run will likely depend largely on the ability of the Chinese government to implement comprehensive economic reforms that more quickly hasten China's transition to a free market economy; rebalance the Chinese economy by making consumer demand, rather than exporting and fixed investment, the main engine of economic growth; boost productivity and innovation; address growing income disparities; and enhance environmental protection. The Chinese government has acknowledged that its current economic growth model needs to be altered and has announced several initiatives to address various economic challenges. In November 2013, the Communist Party of China held the Third Plenum of its 18th Party Congress, which outlined a number of broad policy reforms to boost competition and economic efficiency. For example, the communique stated that the market would now play a "decisive" role in allocating resources in the economy. At the same time, however, the communique emphasized the continued important role of the state sector in China's economy. In addition, many foreign firms have complained that the business climate in China has worsened in recent years. Thus, it remains unclear how committed the Chinese government is to implementing new comprehensive economic reforms.China's economic rise has significant implications for the United States and hence is of major interest to Congress. This report provides background on China's economic rise; describes its current economic structure; identifies the challenges China faces to maintain economic growth; and discusses the challenges, opportunities, and implications of China's economic rise.