Educational Inequality And School Finance

Author : Bruce D. Baker
Publisher : Harvard Education Press
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021-02-09
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781682532447

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Educational Inequality and School Finance by Bruce D. Baker Pdf

In Educational Inequality and School Finance, Bruce D. Baker offers a comprehensive examination of how US public schools receive and spend money. Drawing on extensive longitudinal data and numerous studies of states and districts, he provides a vivid and dismaying portrait of the stagnation of state investment in public education and the continuing challenges of achieving equity and adequacy in school funding. Baker explores school finance, the school and classroom resources derived from school funding, and how and why those resources matter. He provides a critical examination of popular assumptions that undergird the policy discourse around school funding—notably, that money doesn’t matter and that we are spending more and getting less—and shows how these misunderstandings contribute to our reluctance to increase investment in education at a time when the demands on our educational system are rising. Through an introduction to the concepts of adequacy, equity, productivity, and efficiency, Baker shows how these can be used to evaluate policy reforms. He argues that we know a great deal about the role and importance of money in schools, the mechanisms through which money matters for student outcomes, and the trade-offs involved, and he presents a framework for designing and financing an equitable and adequate public education system, with balanced and stable sources of revenue. Educational Inequality and School Finance takes an issue all too often relegated to technical experts and makes it accessible for broader public empowerment and engagement.

Author : Iris BenDavid-Hadar
Publisher : Springer
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-13
Category : Education
ISBN : 9783319903880

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Education Finance, Equality, and Equity by Iris BenDavid-Hadar Pdf

This volume revisits educational equality and equity issues, especially, in education finance-related topics consisting of 15 chapters and organized in two parts. The first part of the volume entitled “Education Finance”, focuses on equity aspects of resource allocation and its influence on education. The second part, entitled “Educational Equality and Equity”, focuses on the conceptualization, and the measurements of educational inequity, and inequality with special emphasis on the cost of inequality. The field of education finance has been significantly influencing policy-makers in many countries in recent years. This volume is focused on equity and equality in education finance in an international frame. This book would be of interest to (1) scholars at the fields of education finance, economics of education, and educational policy, (2) graduate students at the course of school finance or economics of education, and (3) local and global policy makers at the fields of education policy, and education finance.

Author : Bruce D. Baker
Publisher : Harvard Education Press
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2022-10-18
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781682536827

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School Finance and Education Equity by Bruce D. Baker Pdf

This inspiring account of bipartisan political success delivers an expert breakdown of how and why Kansas—a politically conservative state—was able to craft a stable, balanced, and equitable system of funding for its public schools. Beyond a chronicle of one state’s achievements, School Finance and Education Equity provides invaluable policy guidance and lays out a blueprint that other states can use to strengthen their own public education systems. Readers are given an insider’s tour of the Kansas story by Bruce D. Baker, an academic researcher and expert witness in school finance litigation. With more than two decades of involvement with the state, Baker combines historical background, legal analysis, and political and economic contextual data—along with a gleaming wit—to present a thorough, enlightening narrative of Kansas’s K–12 funding journey. As Baker points out, other states can find much to learn here. He shows that, when it comes to school finance, Kansas serves as an exemplar in aligning resources to meet the promises of its constitution. State leaders rejected the pervasive notion that money doesn’t matter in education, and they gathered the data to prove that it does. Baker emphasizes that this kind of slow and steady success hinges on the ability of stakeholders to remain involved over time. Continuity is vitally important. Baker’s account highlights how persistence can overcome opposition, continuity can aid reform, and incremental gains can lead to big change. In an era of national ideological polarization and political and economic volatility, the lessons from Kansas are especially illuminating.

Author : Donald B. Holsinger,W. James Jacob
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 609 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2009-05-29
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789048126521

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Inequality in Education by Donald B. Holsinger,W. James Jacob Pdf

Inequality in Education: Comparative and International Perspectives is a compilation of conceptual chapters and national case studies that includes a series of methods for measuring education inequalities. The book provides up-to-date scholarly research on global trends in the distribution of formal schooling in national populations. It also offers a strategic comparative and international education policy statement on recent shifts in education inequality, and new approaches to explore, develop and improve comparative education and policy research globally. Contributing authors examine how education as a process interacts with government finance policy to form patterns of access to education services. In addition to case perspectives from 18 countries across six geographic regions, the volume includes six conceptual chapters on topics that influence education inequality, such as gender, disability, language and economics, and a summary chapter that presents new evidence on the pernicious consequences of inequality in the distribution of education. The book offers (1) a better and more holistic understanding of ways to measure education inequalities; and (2) strategies for facing the challenge of inequality in education in the processes of policy formation, planning and implementation at the local, regional, national and global levels.

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Education Finance
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1999-03-12
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780309139328

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Equity and Adequacy in Education Finance by National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Education Finance Pdf

Spending on K-12 education across the United States and across local school districts has long been characterized by great disparitiesâ€"disparities that reflect differences in property wealth and tax rates. For more than a quarter-century, reformers have attempted to reduce these differences through court challenges and legislative action. As part of a broad study of education finance, the committee commissioned eight papers examining the history and consequences of school finance reform undertaken in the name of equity and adequacy. This thought-provoking, timely collection of papers explores such topics as: What do the terms "equity" and "adequacy" in school finance really mean? How are these terms relevant to the politics and litigation of school finance reform? What is the impact of court-ordered school finance reform on spending disparities? How do school districts use money from finance reform? What policy options are available to states facing new challenges from court decisions mandating adequacy in school finance? When measuring adequacy, how do you consider differences in student needs and regional costs?

Author : W. Norton Grubb
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2009-01-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781610446372

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The Money Myth by W. Norton Grubb Pdf

Can money buy high-quality education? Studies find only a weak relationship between public school funding and educational outcomes. In The Money Myth, W. Norton Grubb proposes a powerful paradigm shift in the way we think about why some schools thrive and others fail. The greatest inequalities in America's schools lie in factors other than fiscal support. Fundamental differences in resources other than money—for example, in leadership, instruction, and tracking policies—explain the deepening divide in the success of our nation's schoolchildren. The Money Myth establishes several principles for a bold new approach to education reform. Drawing on a national longitudinal dataset collected over twelve years, Grubb makes a crucial distinction between "simple" resources and those "compound," "complex," and "abstract" resources that cannot be readily bought. Money can buy simple resources—such as higher teacher salaries and smaller class sizes—but these resources are actually some of the weakest predictors of educational outcomes. On the other hand, complex resources pertaining to school practices are astonishingly strong predictors of success. Grubb finds that tracking policies have the most profound and consistent impact on student outcomes over time. Schools often relegate low-performing students—particularly minorities—to vocational, remedial, and special education tracks. So even in well-funded schools, resources may never reach the students who need them most. Grubb also finds that innovation in the classroom has a critical impact on student success. Here, too, America's schools are stratified. Teachers in underperforming schools tend to devote significant amounts of time to administration and discipline, while instructors in highly ranked schools dedicate the bulk of their time to "engaged learning," using varied pedagogical approaches. Effective schools distribute leadership among many instructors and administrators, and they foster a sense of both trust and accountability. These schools have a clear mission and coherent agenda for reaching goals. Underperforming schools, by contrast, implement a variety of fragmented reforms and practices without developing a unified plan. This phenomenon is perhaps most powerfully visible in the negative repercussions of No Child Left Behind. In a frantic attempt to meet federal standards and raise test scores quickly, more and more schools are turning to scripted "off the shelf" curricula. These practices discourage student engagement, suppress teacher creativity, and hold little promise of improving learning beyond the most basic skills. Grubb shows that infusions of money alone won't eradicate inequality in America's schools. We need to address the vast differences in the way school communities operate. By looking beyond school finance, The Money Myth gets to the core reasons why education in America is so unequal and provides clear recommendations for addressing this chronic national problem.

Author : James W. Guthrie,Walter I. Garms,Lawrence C. Pierce
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Education
ISBN : UOM:39015014368917

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School Finance and Education Policy by James W. Guthrie,Walter I. Garms,Lawrence C. Pierce Pdf

Author : Howard A. Glickstein,William L. Want,United States Commission on Civil Rights
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Discrimination in education
ISBN : UIUC:30112105088568

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Inequality in School Financing by Howard A. Glickstein,William L. Want,United States Commission on Civil Rights Pdf

Author : Walter W. McMahon,Terry G. Geske
Publisher : Urbana : University of Illinois Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Education
ISBN : STANFORD:36105031913028

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Financing Education by Walter W. McMahon,Terry G. Geske Pdf

"Financing Education is intended for students, faculty, and policymakers in the economics of education, in school finance, and in the financing of higher education. Those in educational administration who are concerned with the management of retrenchment and who are aware of the important role of innovation and new research in reducing costs, meeting society's needs, and adapting to change should also find it interesting and suggestive."--From the preface

Author : Daniele Checchi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 5 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2006-03-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781139449373

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The Economics of Education by Daniele Checchi Pdf

In an important contribution to educational policy, Daniele Checchi offers an economic perspective on the demand and supply of education. He explores the reasons why, beyond a certain point, investment in education has not resulted in reductions in social inequalities. Starting with the seminal work of Gary Becker, Checchi provides an extensive survey of the literature on human capital and social capital formation. He draws on individual data on intergenerational transmission of income and education for the USA, Germany and Italy, as well as aggregate data on income and educational inequality for a much wider range of countries. Checchi explores whether resources spent in education are effective in raising students' achievement, as well as analysing alternative ways of financing education. The Economics of Education thus provides the analytical tools necessary to understand the complex relationships between current income inequality, access to education and future inequality.

Author : William J. Fowler
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1998-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780788149047

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Developments in School Finance by William J. Fowler Pdf

Contains papers by state education dept. policymakers, analysts, and data providers on emerging issues in school finance. Includes: estimates of disparities and analysis of the causes of expenditures in public school districts; race, poverty and the student curriculum; court-ordered school finance equalization; resource allocation to schools under conditions of radical decentralization; building equity and effectiveness into school-based funding models; alternative options for deflating education expenditures over time; productivity collapse in schools; and evaluating the effect of teacher degree level on educational performance.

Author : Erika M. Kitzmiller
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-03
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780812298192

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The Roots of Educational Inequality by Erika M. Kitzmiller Pdf

The Roots of Educational Inequality chronicles the transformation of one American high school over the course of the twentieth century to explore the larger political, economic, and social factors that have contributed to the escalation of educational inequality in modern America. In 1914, when Germantown High School officially opened, Martin G. Brumbaugh, the superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia, told residents that they had one of the finest high schools in the nation. Located in a suburban neighborhood in Philadelphia's northwest corner, the school provided Germantown youth with a first-rate education and the necessary credentials to secure a prosperous future. In 2013, almost a century later, William Hite, the city's superintendent, announced that Germantown High was one of thirty-seven schools slated for closure due to low academic achievement. How is it that the school, like so many others that serve low-income students of color, transformed in this way? Erika M. Kitzmiller links the saga of a single high school to the history of its local community, its city, and the nation. Through a fresh, longitudinal examination that combines deep archival research and spatial analysis, Kitzmiller challenges conventional declension narratives that suggest American high schools have moved steadily from pillars of success to institutions of failures. Instead, this work demonstrates that educational inequality has been embedded in our nation's urban high schools since their founding. The book argues that urban schools were never funded adequately. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, urban school districts lacked the tax revenues needed to operate their schools. Rather than raising taxes, these school districts relied on private philanthropy from families and communities to subsidize a lack of government aid. Over time, this philanthropy disappeared leaving urban schools with inadequate funds and exacerbating the level of educational inequality.

Author : Kern Alexander,Richard G. Salmon,F. King Alexander
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 663 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2014-09-15
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781135106553

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Financing Public Schools by Kern Alexander,Richard G. Salmon,F. King Alexander Pdf

Financing Public Schools moves beyond the basics of financing public elementary and secondary education to explore the historical, philosophical, and legal underpinnings of a viable public school system. Coverage includes the operational aspects of school finance, including issues regarding teacher salaries and pensions, budgeting for instructional programs, school transportation, and risk management. Diving deeper than other school finance books, the authors explore the political framework within which schools must function, discuss the privatization of education and its effects on public schools, offer perspectives regarding education as an investment in human capital, and expertly explain complex financial and economic issues. This comprehensive text provides the tools to apply the many and varied fiscal concepts and practices that are essential for aspiring public school administrators who aim to provide responsible stewardship for their students. Special Features: "Definitional Boxes" and "Key Terms" throughout chapters enhance understanding of difficult concepts. Coverage of legal, political, and historical issues provides a broader context and more complex understanding of school finance. Offers in-depth exploration of business management of financial resources, including fiscal accounting, school facilities, school transportation, financing with debt, and the nuances of school budgeting techniques.

Author : Howard A. Glickstein
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Discrimination in education
ISBN : LCCN:72602894

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Inequality in School Financing by Howard A. Glickstein Pdf

Author : Allan Odden
Publisher : Ingram
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02
Category : Education
ISBN : 1259922316

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School Finance by Allan Odden Pdf