Egypt And The Contradictions Of Liberalism

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Egypt and the Contradictions of Liberalism

Dalia F. Fahmy,Daanish Faruqi
Egypt and the Contradictions of Liberalism Book PDF

Author : Dalia F. Fahmy,Daanish Faruqi
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781780748832

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Egypt and the Contradictions of Liberalism by Dalia F. Fahmy,Daanish Faruqi Pdf

The liberatory sentiment that stoked the Arab Spring and saw the ousting of long-time Egyptian dictator Hosni Mubarak seems a distant memory. Democratically elected president Mohammad Morsi lasted only a year before he was forced from power to be replaced by precisely the kind of authoritarianism protestors had been railing against in January 2011. Paradoxically, this turn of events was encouraged by the same liberal activists and intelligentsia who’d pushed for progressive reform under Mubarak. This volume analyses how such a key contingent of Egyptian liberals came to develop outright illiberal tendencies. Interdisciplinary in scope, it brings together experts in Middle East studies, political science, philosophy, Islamic studies and law to address the failure of Egyptian liberalism in a holistic manner – from liberalism’s relationship with the state, to its role in cultivating civil society, to the role of Islam and secularism in the cultivation of liberalism. A work of impeccable scholarly rigour, Egypt and the Contradictions of Liberalism reveals the contemporary ramifications of the state of liberalism in Egypt.

Liberalism without Democracy

Abdeslam M. Maghraoui
Liberalism without Democracy Book PDF

Author : Abdeslam M. Maghraoui
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2006-12-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780822388388

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Liberalism without Democracy by Abdeslam M. Maghraoui Pdf

The history of Western intervention in the Middle East stretches from the late eighteenth century to the present day. All too often, the Western rationale for invading and occupying a country to liberate its people has produced new forms of domination that have hindered rather than encouraged the emergence of democratic politics. Abdeslam M. Maghraoui advances the understanding of this problematic dynamic through an analysis of efforts to achieve liberal reform in Egypt following its independence from Great Britain in 1922. In the 1920s and 1930s, Egypt’s reformers equated liberal notions of nationhood and citizenship with European civilization and culture. As Maghraoui demonstrates, in their efforts to achieve liberalization, they sought to align Egypt with the West and to dissociate it from the Arab and Islamic worlds. Egypt’s professionals and leading cultural figures attempted to replace the fez with European-style hats; they discouraged literary critics from studying Arabic poetry, claiming it was alien to Egyptian culture. Why did they feel compelled to degrade local cultures in order to accommodate liberal principles? Drawing on the thought of Lacan, Fanon, Said, and Bhabha, as well as contemporary political theory, Maghraoui points to liberalism’s inherent contradiction: its simultaneous commitments to individual liberty and colonial conquest. He argues that when Egypt’s reformers embraced the language of liberalism as their own, they adopted social prejudices built into that language. Efforts to achieve liberalization played out—and failed—within the realm of culture, not just within the political arena. Opinions voiced through literary works, cartoons, newspaper articles on controversial social issues, and other forms of cultural expression were ultimately more important to the fate of liberalism in Egypt than were questions of formal political participation and representation. Liberalism without Democracy demonstrates the powerful—and under appreciated—role of language and culture in defining citizenship and political community.

Egypt

Azmi Bishara
Egypt Book PDF

Author : Azmi Bishara
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 745 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2022-07-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780755645923

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Egypt by Azmi Bishara Pdf

Azmi Bishara's seminal study of the 2011 Egyptian Revolution chronicles in granular detail the lead up to the momentous uprisings and the subsequent transition and coup. The book critically investigates the social and economic conditions that formed the backdrop to the revolution and the complex challenges posed by the transition from authoritarianism to democracy. Part One, 'From July Coup to January Revolution', goes back to what is called the '1952 revolution' or the '1952 Coup d'état' and traces events until 2011 when Hosni Mubarak stepped down as the president of Egypt after weeks of protest. It highlights the relationship between the presidency and the army to show that, contrary to popular belief, the presidency grew gradually stronger at the expense of other institutions, especially the army, and reached its apogee under Mubarak. Part Two 'From Revolution to Coup d'Etat', covers the critical stages from when the military junta took over the governing of Egypt as the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF), and the election of Morsi, up until the coup to overthrow his presidency. Using a democratic transition theory perspective, Azmi Bishara explains the failure of the democratic transition and how it has impacted on Arab revolutions ever since. Written while the revolutions were taking place, this book conveys a sense of immediacy and urgency as Bishara makes wide-ranging assessments with many of his forecasts corroborated in later years. The book is renowned for its use of primary source material - including interviews, statistics and public opinion polls – thus preserving the memory of the revolution and remaining one of the most comprehensive reference books on the subject to date.

Quest for Democracy

Line Khatib
Quest for Democracy Book PDF

Author : Line Khatib
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2022-11-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781108687515

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Quest for Democracy by Line Khatib Pdf

Since the uprisings of 2010 and 2011, it has often been assumed that the politics of the Arab-speaking world is dominated, and will continue to be dominated, by orthodox Islamic thought and authoritarian politics. Challenging these assumptions, Line Khatib explores the current liberal movement in the region, examining its activists and intellectuals, their work, and the strengths and weaknesses of the movement as a whole. By investigating the underground and overlooked actors and activists of liberal activism, Khatib problematizes the ways in which Arab liberalism has been dismissed as an insignificant sociopolitical force, or a mere reaction to Western formulations of liberal politics. Instead, she demonstrates how Arab liberalism is a homegrown phenomenon that has influenced the politics of the region since the nineteenth century. Shedding new light on an understudied movement, Khatib provokes a re-evaluation of the existing literature and offers new ways of conceptualizing the future of liberalism and democracy in the modern Arab world.

Elite Origins of Democracy and Development in the Muslim World

Michael T. Rock,Soli Özel
Elite Origins of Democracy and Development in the Muslim World Book PDF

Author : Michael T. Rock,Soli Özel
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2023-12-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781003813347

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Elite Origins of Democracy and Development in the Muslim World by Michael T. Rock,Soli Özel Pdf

Using an elite consensus/conflict analytical frame, this book examines why some majority Muslim countries perform so much better at democracy and/or development than others, questioning received wisdoms that Islam, authoritarianism, and underdevelopment go together. Identifying four distinct democracy and development outcomes in the Muslim world, four case studies are interrogated to show that there is more variability in democracy and development outcomes in Muslim majority countries than macro-historical studies and aggregate data have shown. By demonstrating that democracy and development outcomes in Muslim countries are the consequence of elite conflict and elite consensus, rather than the precepts or institutions of Islam, the book places the competition for power among contending elites, rather than Islam, at the center of the story of democracy and development in the Muslim world. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of political development/development studies, democratization and autocratization studies, democracy promotion, and more broadly comparative politics.

Coups and Revolutions

Amy Austin Holmes
Coups and Revolutions Book PDF

Author : Amy Austin Holmes
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780190071462

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Coups and Revolutions by Amy Austin Holmes Pdf

In 2011, Egypt witnessed more protests than any other country in the world. Counter to the received narrative, Amy Austin Holmes argues that the ousting of Mubarak in 2011 did not represent the culmination of a revolution or the beginning of a transition period, but rather the beginning of a revolutionary process that would unfold in three waves, followed by two waves of counterrevolution. This book offers the first analysis of both the revolution and counterrevolution in Egypt from January 2011 until June 2018. The period of revolutionary upheaval played out in three uprisings against three distinct forms of authoritarian rule: the Mubarak regime and the police state that protected it, the unelected military junta known as the Supreme Council of Armed Forces, and the religious authoritarianism of the Muslim Brotherhood. The counterrevolution occurred over two periods: the first under Adly Mansour as interim president and the second after El Sisi was elected president. While the regime imprisoned or killed the leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood and many secular activists during the first wave of the counterrevolution, it turned against civil society at large during the second: NGOs, charities, media, academia, and minority groups. In addition to providing new and unprecedented empirical data, Coups and Revolutions makes two theoretical contributions. First, it presents a new framework for analyzing the state apparatus in Egypt based on four pillars of regime support that can either prop up or press upon whoever is in power. These are the Egyptian military, the business elite, the United States, and the multi-headed opposition. Secondly, the book brings together the literature on bottom-up revolutionary movements and top-down military coups, and it introduces the concept of a coup from below in contrast to the revolution from above that took place under Gamal Abdel Nasser.

Enlightenment on the Eve of Revolution

Elizabeth Suzanne Kassab
Enlightenment on the Eve of Revolution Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth Suzanne Kassab
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2019-05-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780231549677

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Enlightenment on the Eve of Revolution by Elizabeth Suzanne Kassab Pdf

During the two decades that preceded the 2011 revolutions in Egypt and Syria, animated debates took place in Cairo and Damascus on political and social goals for the future. Egyptian and Syrian intellectuals argued over the meaning of tanwir, Arabic for “enlightenment,” and its significance for contemporary politics. They took up questions of human dignity, liberty, reason, tolerance, civil society, democracy, and violence. In Enlightenment on the Eve of Revolution, Elizabeth Suzanne Kassab offers a groundbreaking analysis of the tanwir debates and their import for the 2011 uprisings. Kassab locates these debates in their local context as well as in broader contemporary political and intellectual Arab history. She argues that the enlightenment they advocated was a form of political humanism that demanded the right of free and public use of reason. By calling for the restoration of human dignity and seeking a moral compass in the wake of the destruction wrought by brutal regimes, they understood tanwir as a humanist ideal. Kassab connects their debates to the Arab uprisings, arguing that their demands bear a striking resemblance to what was voiced on the streets of Egypt and Syria in 2011. Enlightenment on the Eve of Revolution is the first book to document these debates for the Anglophone audience and to analyze their importance for contemporary Egyptian and Syrian intellectual life and politics.

Arab Spring

Eid Mohamed,Dalia Fahmy
Arab Spring Book PDF

Author : Eid Mohamed,Dalia Fahmy
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030247584

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Arab Spring by Eid Mohamed,Dalia Fahmy Pdf

This book provides systematic, integrated analyses of emergent social and cultural dynamics in the wake of the so-called Arab Spring, and looks closely at the narratives and experiences of a people as they confront crisis during a critical moment of transition. Providing an interdisciplinary approach to interconnections across regional and communal boundaries, this volume situates itself at the intersection of political science, cultural studies, media and film studies, and Middle Eastern studies, while offering some key critical revisions to dominant approaches in social and political theory. Through the unique contributions of each of its authors, this book will offer a much-needed addition to the study of Middle East politics and the Arab Spring. Moreover, although its specific focus is on the Arab context, its analysis will be of issues of significant relevance to a changing world order.

The Arab Winter

Noah Feldman
The Arab Winter Book PDF

Author : Noah Feldman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691227931

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The Arab Winter by Noah Feldman Pdf

The Arab Spring promised to end dictatorship and bring self-government to people across the Middle East. Yet everywhere except Tunisia it led to either renewed dictatorship, civil war, extremist terror, or all three. In The Arab Winter, Noah Feldman argues that the Arab Spring was nevertheless not an unmitigated failure, much less an inevitable one. Rather, it was a noble, tragic series of events in which, for the first time in recent Middle Eastern history, Arabic-speaking peoples took free, collective political action as they sought to achieve self-determination.

The Oxford Handbook of Peacebuilding, Statebuilding, and Peace Formation

Oliver P. Richmond,Gëzim Visoka
The Oxford Handbook of Peacebuilding Statebuilding and Peace Formation Book PDF

Author : Oliver P. Richmond,Gëzim Visoka
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 705 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190904418

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The Oxford Handbook of Peacebuilding, Statebuilding, and Peace Formation by Oliver P. Richmond,Gëzim Visoka Pdf

"The Oxford Handbook of Peacebuilding, Statebuilding, and Peace Formation offers an authoritative and comprehensive overview of peacebuilding, statebuilding, and peace formation. With contributions from over thirty distinguished and leading scholars, the Handbook provides a timely, engaging, and critical overview of conceptual foundations, political implications, and tensions at the global, regional, and local levels. It examines the key policies, practices, examples, and discourses underlining various segments of peacebuilding, statebuilding, and peace formation both as discursive formulations and as policy practices. Organized around four major thematic sections, the Handbook offers a state-of-the-art synthesis of the most pressing contemporary peace and conflict issues and charts new pathways for responding to transnational insecurities"--

Political Islam, Justice and Governance

Mbaye Lo
Political Islam Justice and Governance Book PDF

Author : Mbaye Lo
Publisher : Springer
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783319963280

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Political Islam, Justice and Governance by Mbaye Lo Pdf

This book argues that political Islam (represented by its moderate and militant forms) has failed to govern effectively or successfully due to its inability to reconcile its discursive understanding of Islam, centered on literal justice, with the dominant neo-liberal value of freedom. Consequently, Islamists' polities have largely been abject, often tragic failures in providing a viable collective life and sound governance. This argument is developed theoretically and supported through a set of case studies represented by the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt (under President Muhammad Morsi’s tenure), Hassan Turabi's National Islamic Front in Sudan and The Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS). It is ideal for audiences interested in Regional Politics, Islamic Studies and Middle Eastern Studies.

Questioning Secularism

Hussein Ali Agrama
Questioning Secularism Book PDF

Author : Hussein Ali Agrama
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-11-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780226010687

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Questioning Secularism by Hussein Ali Agrama Pdf

What, exactly, is secularism? What has the West's long familiarity with it inevitably obscured? In this work, Hussein Ali Agrama tackles these questions. Focusing on the fatwa councils and family law courts of Egypt just prior to the revolution, he delves deeply into the meaning of secularism itself and the ambiguities that lie at its heart.

The Late Ottoman Empire and Egypt

Elizabeth H Shlala
The Late Ottoman Empire and Egypt Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth H Shlala
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351859554

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The Late Ottoman Empire and Egypt by Elizabeth H Shlala Pdf

Law and identification transgressed political boundaries in the nineteenth-century Levant. Over the course of the century, Italo-Levantines- elite and common- exercised a strategy of resilient hybridity whereby an unintentional form of legal imperialism took root in Egypt. This book contributes to a vibrant strand of global legal history that places law and other social structures at the heart of competing imperial projects- British, Ottoman, Egyptian, and Italian among them. Analysis of the Italian consular and mixed court cases, and diplomatic records, in Egypt and Istanbul reveals the complexity of shifting identifications and judicial reform in two parts of the interactive and competitive plural legal regime. The rich court records show that binary relational categories fail to capture the complexity of the daily lives of the residents and courts of the late Ottoman empire. Over time and acting in their own self-interests, these actors exploited the plural legal regime. Case studies in both Egypt and Istanbul explore how identification developed as a legal form of property itself. Whereas the classical literature emphasized external state power politics, this book builds upon new work in the field that shows the interaction of external and internal power struggles throughout the region led to assorted forms of confrontation, collaboration, and negotiation in the region. It will be of interest to students, scholars, and readers of Middle East, Ottoman, and Mediterranean history. It will also appeal to anyone wanting to know more about cultural history in the nineteenth century, and the historical roots of contemporary global debates on law, migration, and identities.

Confronting Fascism in Egypt

Israel Gershoni,James Jankowski
Confronting Fascism in Egypt Book PDF

Author : Israel Gershoni,James Jankowski
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2009-10-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9780804772556

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Confronting Fascism in Egypt by Israel Gershoni,James Jankowski Pdf

Confronting Fascism in Egypt offers a new reading of the political and intellectual culture of Egypt during the interwar era. Though scholarship has commonly emphasized Arab political and military support of Axis powers, this work reveals that the shapers of Egyptian public opinion were largely unreceptive to fascism, openly rejecting totalitarian ideas and practices, Nazi racism, and Italy's and Germany's expansionist and imperialist agendas. The majority (although not all) of Egyptian voices supported liberal democracy against the fascist challenge, and most Egyptians sought to improve and reform, rather than to replace and destroy, the existing constitutional and parliamentary system. The authors place Egyptian public discourse in the broader context of the complex public sphere within which debate unfolded—in Egypt's large and vibrant network of daily newspapers, as well as the weekly or monthly opinion journals—emphasizing the open, diverse, and pluralistic nature of the interwar political and cultural arena. In examining Muslim views of fascism at the moment when classical fascism was at its peak, this enlightening book seriously challenges the recent assumption of an inherent Muslim predisposition toward authoritarianism, totalitarianism, and "Islamo-Fascism."

The Arab State and Neo-Liberal Globalization

Laura Guazzone,Daniela Pioppi
The Arab State and Neo Liberal Globalization Book PDF

Author : Laura Guazzone,Daniela Pioppi
Publisher : Garnet Publishing Ltd
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2022-07-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780863725104

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The Arab State and Neo-Liberal Globalization by Laura Guazzone,Daniela Pioppi Pdf

Now available in paperback, this collection of essays offers an alternative approach to the study of today's Arab states by focusing on their participation in neo-liberal globalization rather than on authoritarianism or Islam. The effects of the restructuring of traditional state power engendered by globalization are analyzed separately, through updated empirical research into the political, economic, and security processes of each country considered. Egypt, Lebanon, Morocco, and Saudi Arabia are the case studies selected to represent different paths towards a shared model of a 'new' Arab state which, far from representing an exceptional case of resilience against global trends, may be seen in many instances as typifying their effects. The book offers both an overall conceptualization of change affecting the Arab states, domestically and internationally, and a series of in-depth case studies by country and functional areas. It is extremely timely when viewed within the context of the current political unrest and unprecedented change within the Middle East. This paperback edition includes a new preface which links the author's research to the current Arab Spring crisis.